• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.451-459
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• 2016

Crack detection on panels during manufacturing process is an important step for ensuring the product quality. The accuracy and efficiency of traditional crack detection methods, which are performed by eye inspection, are dependent on human inspectors. Therefore, implementation of an on-line and precise crack detection is required during the panel pressing process. In this paper, a regular CCTV camera system is utilized to obtain images of panel products and an image process based crack detection technique is developed. This technique uses a comparison between the base image and a test image using an amplitude mapping of the local image. Experiments are performed in the laboratory and in the actual manufacturing lines to evaluate the performance of the developed technique. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique could be used to effectively detect a crack on panels with high speed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.148-165
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to establish a theory about the necessary structure for knitwear design, and to propose it with the practical data through the actual development of a high value added knit structure. For this study, the market was conducted along with literature reviews on the existing studies and the relevant books about knit structures. The market research aimed at the products released in the spring/summer and fall/winter seasons of 2012-2013, focusing on brand for middle aged women. The utilization of the structure by item and the characteristics of knit design were studied. The research was conducted on S/S products in May and July, and F/W products in October and December. As a result of the market research, it was shown that the lightweight structures with permeability such as plain, lace, links and links, this is repeated and rib structure were frequently utilized during the S/S season, while double structures with good shape stability were greatly utilized during the F/W season. Also, during the F/W season, a cable structure and tubular jacquard that emphasized the volume or cubic effect were frequently used, and there were many jacquard structures where a change of color sense and motive were added. Concerning the knit structures development, the researcher designed the knit structure at the actual production site of the knit fashion. A total of 5 pieces of knit structures were developed by asking a professional for programming and knitting. To the developed structures, the study added a multi-gauged effect, herringbone transformation effect, 3-dimensional surface effect, color effects, geometric patterns, lace penetration effect, and soft surface effect in a water-drop shape. In addition, the structures had differences in the added values by mixing various structures and diversely expressing color sense on the knitting line. This study proposes the direction for 21st century knitwear product design, through the development of a high value added knit structure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.375-381
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• 2007

A novel method to register images onto 3D data, such as 3D point cloud, 3D vectors, and 3D surfaces, is proposed. The proposed method estimates the exterior orientation of a camera with respective to the 3D data though fitting pairs of the normal vectors of two planes passing a focal point and 2D and 3D lines extracted from an image and the 3D data, respectively. The fitting condition is that the angle between each pair of the normal vectors has to be zero. This condition can be represented as a numerical formula using the inner product of the normal vectors. This paper demonstrates the proposed method can estimate the exterior orientation for the image registration as simulation tests.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.347-355
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• 2020

Cognitive impairment is considered to be key research topics in the field of neurodegenerative diseases and in understanding of learning and memory. In the present study, we investigated neuroprotective effects of Schisandra chinensis (SC) and Ribes fasciculatum (RF) extracts in hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death in vitro and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in Sprague Dawley^® (SD) rat in vivo. Apoptotic cell death in neuroblastic PC12 cell line was induced by hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour at 100 μM. However, mixture of SC and RF treatment prevented peroxide induced PC12 cell death with no neurotoxic effects. For in vivo experiment, the effect of SC and RF extracts on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in SD rat was evaluated by spontaneous alternation behavior in Y-Maze test. After 30 min scopolamine injection, the scopolamine-induced rats presented significantly decreased % spontaneous alteration and acetylcholine level, compared to non-induced group. However, treatment of SC+RF extracts rescued the reduced % spontaneous alteration with acetylcholine concentration from hippocampus in scopolamine-induced rats. These results suggested that mixture of SC and RF extract may be a potential natural therapeutic agent for the prevention of cognitive impairment.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.615-628
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• 2018

Preserved egg, a kind of alkaline-fermented food, is a traditional egg product in China. Here, we investigated the nutritional functions of preserved eggs by in vivo and in vitro experiments. The results of in vivo studies showed that the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the liver of rats treated with preserved eggs. Meanwhile, the levels of two important cancer markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), were also significantly decreased (p<0.05) in treated rats. In vitro studies were performed on Caco-2 cells, a human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. It demonstrated that the gastrointestinal (GI) digests of preserved eggs significantly accelerated (p<0.05) the apoptosis by upregulating caspase-3 in the Caco-2 cells. Besides, after treated with preserved eggs, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of preserved eggs digests to Caco-2 cells was 5.75 mg/mL, indicating the significant inhibition of cell proliferation provided by preserved eggs (p<0.05). The results shown in this study demonstrated that preserved eggs may be a novel functional food involved with antilipemic, anti-inflammatory activity as well as the effect on accelarating the apoptosis of Caco-2 cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2016

Inflammation plays an important role in host defense against external stimuli such as infection by pathogen, endotoxin or chemical exposure by the production of the inflammatory mediators that produced by macrophage. Anti-inflammatory factor is important to treat the dangers of chronic inflammation associated with chronic disease. This research aims to analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of Garcinia mangostana L. peel extract (GMPE), ${\alpha}$-mangostin, and ${\gamma}$-mangostin in LPS-induced murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators. The cytotoxic assay of G. mangostana L. extract, ${\alpha}$-mangostin, and ${\gamma}$-mangostin were performed by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) to determine the safe and non-toxic concentration in RAW 264.7 for the further assay. The concentration of inflammatory mediators (COX-2, IL-6, and IL-$1{\beta}$) were measured by the ELISA-based assay and NO by the nitrate/nitrite colorimetric assay in treated LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibitory activity was determined by the reducing concentration of inflammatory mediators in treated LPS-induced RAW 264.7 over the untreated cells. This research revealed that GMPE, ${\alpha}$-mangostin, and ${\gamma}$-mangostin possess the anti-inflammatory effect by reducing COX-2, IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$, and NO production in LPS-induces RAW 264.7 cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.239-246
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• 2017

27-Hydroxycholesterol (27OHChol) has been reported to induce differentiation of monocytic cells into a mature dendritic cell phenotype. We examined the effect of methanol extract of Nardostachys chinensis (Nard) on 27OHChol-induced differentiation using THP-1, a human monocytic cell line. Treatment of monocytic cells with methanol extract of Nard resulted in decreased transcription and surface expression of CD80, CD83, and CD88 elevated by 27OHChol in a dose-dependent manner. Surface levels of MHC class I and II molecules elevated by 27OHChol were also reduced to basal levels by treatment with the Nard extract. Decreased endocytosis activity caused by 27OHChol was recovered by treatment with the Nard extract. CD197 expression and cell attachment were attenuated by the Nard extract. In addition, levels of transcription and surface expression of CD molecules involved in atherosclerosis, such as CD105, CD137, and CD166 upregulated by 27OHChol were significantly decreased by treatment with methanol extract of Nard. These results indicate that methanol extract of Nard down-regulates 27OHChol-induced differentiation of monocytic cells into a mature dendritic cell phenotype and expression of CD molecules associated with atherosclerosis. The current study suggests that biological activity of oxygenated cholesterol derivatives can be inhibited by herbal medication.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2020

This study focused on investigation of the immunosuppressive inhibitory effect through determination of IL-2 production of nine compounds (1 - 9) isolated from Chlamydomonas sp. KSF108. Among them, compounds 1, 5, and 6 displayed moderately inhibitory effects on IL-2 production at a concentration of 100 µM. In addition, the related ones including cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities were also elucidated. 6 further displayed cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC₅₀ value of 17.2 µM and 4, 6 - 7, and 9 possessed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.1 to 4.4 µM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the bioactivity of isolated chemical constituents from the genus Chlamydomonas. Compounds 1 and 5 investigated for the first time in the activity of immunosuppressivity and 6 may come to serve as the most important marker in broad-spectrum activities of the secondary metabolites identified from C. sp. KSF108.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.247-250
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• 2005

The need for improved fuel efficiency, weight reduction has motivated the automotive industry to focus on aluminum alloys as a replacement for steel-based alloy. To cope with the needs for high structural rigidity with low weight, it is forecasted that substantial amount of cast components will be replaced by tubular parts which are mainly manufactured by the extruded aluminum tubes. The extrusion process is utilized to produce tubes and hollow sections. Because there is no weld seam, the circumferential mechanical properties may be uniform and advantageous for hydroforming. However the possibility of the occurrence of a surface defect is very high, especially due to the temperature increase from forming at high pressure when it comes out of the bearing and the roughness of the bearing, which cause the surface defects such as the dies line and pick-up. And when forming a extruded aluminum tube, the free surface of the tube becomes rough with increasing plastic strain. This is well known as orange peel phenomena and has a great effect not only on the surface quality of a product but also on the forming limit. In an attempt to increase the forming limit of the tubular specimen, in the present paper, surface asperities generated during the hydroforming process are polished to eliminate the weak positions of the tube which lead to a localized necking. It is shown that the forming limit of the tube can be considerably improved by simple method of polishing the surface roughness during hydroforming. And also the extent of the crack propagation caused by dies lines generated during the extrusion process is evaluated according to the deformed shape of the tube.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.196-196
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• 2011

Molecular $N_2O$ has bee known to react over oxygen vacancy on a reduced rutile $TiO_2$(110)-1${\times}$1 surface to desorb as molecular $N_2$ leaving oxygen atom behind. In the present study, we investigated the reaction of $N_2O$ on rutile $TiO_2$(110) using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Our results indicate that $N_2O$ does not react over the oxygen vacancy under a typical UHV experimental condition. On a rutile $TiO_2$(110)-1${\times}$1 with a well-defined oxygen vacancy concentration of 5% ($2.6{\times}10^{13}/cm^2$), $N_2O$ desorption features show a monolayer peak maximum at 135 K followed by a small peak maximum at 170 K. When the oxygen vacancy is blocked with $H_2O$, the $N_2O$ peak at 170 K disappears completely, indicating that the peak is due to molecular $N_2O$ interacting with oxygen vacancy. The integrated amount of desorbed $N_2O$ plotted against the amount of adsorbed $N_2O$ however shows a straight line with no offset indicating no loss of $N_2O$ during our cycles of TPD measurements. In addition, our $N_2O$ uptake measurements at 70~100 K showed no $N_2$ (as a reaction product) desorption except contaminant $N_2$. Also, $H_2O$ TPD taken after $N_2O$ scattering up to 350 K indicates no change in the vacancy-related $H_2O$ desorption peak at 500 K showing no change in the oxygen vacancy concentration after the interaction with $N_2O$.