• Title/Summary/Keyword: Producer gas

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Development of Productivity Prediction Model according to Choke Size and Gas Injection Rate by using ANN(Artificial Neural Network) at Oil Producer (오일 생산정에서 쵸크사이즈와 가스주입량에 따른 생산성 예측 인공신경망 모델 개발)

  • Han, Dong-kwon;Kwon, Sun-il
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.90-103
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    • 2018
  • This paper presents the development of two ANN models which can predict an optimum production rate by controlling choke size in oil well, and gas injection rate in gas-lift well. The input data was solution gas-oil ratio, water cut, reservoir pressure, and choke size or gas injection rate. The output data was wellhead pressure and production rate. Firstly, a range of each parameters was decided by conducting sensitive analysis of input data for onshore oil well. In addition, 1,715 sets training data for choke size decision model and 1,225 sets for gas injection rate decision model were generated by nodal analysis. From the results of comparing between the nodal analysis and the ANN on the same reservoir system showed that the correlation factors were very high(>0.99). Mean absolute error of wellhead pressure and oil production rate was 0.55%, 1.05% with the choke size model, respectively. And the gas injection rate model showed the errors of 1.23%, 2.67%. It was found that the developed models had been highly accurate.

Isolation and Charaterization of Microorganism Producing Cephalosporin C Acylase (Cephalosporin C Acylase 생산균주의 분리 및 특성)

  • Park, Yong-Chjun;Kim, Ook-Hyun;Lim, Jai-Yun;Kim, Young-Chang
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.559-564
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    • 1995
  • Twenty microbial strains producing the acylase were isolated from soil by using Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 as an indicator strain, using either D-($\alpha $)-phenylglycine methylester and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) or glutaric acid dimethylester and 7-ACA as substrates. Among the isolates, only one strain was turned out to be the 7-ACA producer from either cephalosporin C or glutaryl 7-ACA as the substrates by using the overlay of 7-ACA sensitive strain (SS5). 7-ACA produced from cephalosporin C by an isolate (APS20) was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated strain (APS20) was identified to Bacillus macerans on the basis of cellular fatty acid profile by gas chromatography. Bacillus macerans APS20 had no $\beta $-lacta-mase activity on cephalosporin C, and that is very important for the enzymatic production process of 7-ACA. However, this strain was resistant up to 100 $\mu $g/ml of cephalosporin C.

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Novel Electromagnetic Induction Eddy Current DPH based Continuous Pipeline Fluid Heating using Soft Switching PWM High Frequency Inverter

  • Nam, Jing-Rak
    • Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.305-309
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    • 2008
  • This paper presents an innovative prototype of a new conceptual electromagnetic induction eddy current based fluid heating appliance using voltage-fed quasi resonant zero voltage soft switching PWM high-frequency inverter using IGBTs, which can operate at a constant frequency variable power regulation scheme. The promising simple high efficient low noise inverter type electromagnetic induction eddy current based pipeline fluid heating appliance is proposed for saturated steam generator, superheated steam generator, hot water and hot air producer, metal catalyst heating for exhaust gas cleaning in engine. Under these technological backgrounds, a novel electromagnetic induction eddy current Dual Packs Heater(DPH) based pipeline fluid heating incorporates thin metal layer type package for continuous fluid heating appliances applying two types of voltage-fed quasi load resonant ZVS-PWM high frequency inverter. The unique features of a novel electromagnetic induction eddy current DPH based continuous pipeline fluid heating appliance is illustrated on the basis of simulation and discussed for the steady state operating characteristics and experimental results.

Biocontrol of Tomato Fusarium Wilt by a Novel Genotype of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-producing Pseudomonas sp. NJ134

  • Kang, Beom-Ryong
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.93-100
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    • 2012
  • The rhizobacterium NJ134, showing strong $in$ $vitro$ antifungal activity against $Fusarium$ $oxysporum$, was isolated from field grown tomato plants and identified as $Pseudomonas$ sp. based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequence and biochemical analyses. The antifungal compound purified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses from NJ134 cultures was polyketide 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). Analysis of the sequence of part of one of the genes associated with DAPG synthesis, $phlD$, indicated that the DAPG producer NJ134 was a novel genotype or variant of existing genotype termed O that have been categorized based on isolates from Europe and North America. A greenhouse study indicated that about $10^8$ CFU/g of soil NJ134 culture application was required for effective biocontrol of Fusarium wilt in tomato. These results suggest that a new variant genotype of a DAPG-producing strain of $Pseudomonas$ has the potential to control Fusarium wilt under the low disease pressure conditions.

Analysis on a Power Transaction with Fuel-Constrained Generations in an Electricity Market (연료제약 발전기를 고려한 전력거래 해석기법 연구)

  • 이광호
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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    • v.53 no.8
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    • pp.484-489
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    • 2004
  • When the energy resource available to a particular plant (be it coal, oil, gas, water, or nuclear fuel) is a limiting factor in the operation of the plant, the entire economic dispatch calculation must be done differently. Each economic dispatch calculation must account for what happened before and what will happen in the future. This paper presents a formulation and a solution method for the optimization problem with a fuel constraint in a competitive electricity market. Take-or- Pay (TOP) contract for an energy resource is the typical constraint as a limiting factor. Two approaches are proposed in this paper for modeling the dispatch calculation in a market mechanism. The approaches differ in the subject who considers and inserts the fuel-constraint into its optimization problem. Market operator and each power producer having a TOP contract are assumed as such subjects. The two approaches are compared from the viewpoint of profits. surplus. and social welfare on the basis of Nash Equilibrium.

The hot water production through the combination of solar thermal energy and freon gas compression heat (태양열과 프레온 기체 압축열 복합온수기 개발)

  • Jung, Hyun-Chai;Kim, Ki-Sun;Sun, Kyung-Ho;Nam, Sung-Young;Lee, Jong-Won
    • Solar Energy
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.18-27
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    • 1990
  • The hot water producer by the combination of the solar thermal energy and freon gas compression heat has been developed. Freon R-12 gas was circulated through the system including the solar absorption panel, which has no glassing and no insulation, and the frozen and burst problems were intrinsically eliminated. The manufacturing and running costs may go further down than the regular solar hot water systems.

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Study on a Carbon Dioxide Gasification for Wood Biomass using a Continuous Gasifier (연속식 가스화로를 이용한 목질계 바이오매스 이산화탄소 가스화 연구)

  • Park, Min Sung;Chang, Yu Woon;Jang, Yu Kyung;Chun, Young Nam
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.36 no.10
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    • pp.704-710
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    • 2014
  • Biomass is considered an alternative energy which can solve an greenhouse gas problem like $CO_2$ which is a major contributor to global warming. The biomass can be converted to various energy sources through thermochemical conversion. In this study, a continuous gasifier was engineered for a wood biomass gasification. The biomass was used a waste wood. The experiments of $CO_2$ gasification were achieved as the gasification temperature, moisture content and input $CO_2$ concentration. The results showed that the yield of producer gas increased with an increasing the gasification temperature. The amount of the light tar increased due to the decomposition of gravimetric tar by the thermal cracking, and the char was confirmed pore development through the SEM analysis. The CO concentration was increased with an increased input $CO_2$ concentration from Boudouard reaction. Through the parametric screening studies, the hydrogen and carbon monoxide concentration were 32.91% and 48.33% at the optimal conditions of this test rig.

Effects of Biomass Fuel Conditions on Biomass Ossification (바이오매스 가스화장치를 이용한 합성가스 생산에 있어서 연료조건의 영향)

  • Hong, Seong-Gu
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 2006
  • A downdraft gasifier was made of stainless steel for biomass gasification. Internal reactor had a 300 mm diameter and 8 air intakes. Three thermocouples were installed to measure the temperature inside the reactor. Three different biomass fuels were provided in the experiments to find out the effects of fuel conditions on gasification processes; charcoals, woodchips, and mixture of woodchip and charcoals. Two different experiments were conducted fer charcoal experiments, small and larger sizes of charcoal fuels. It took about 10 minutes after ignition to generate combustible producer gas when charcoal was f9d, but 20 or more minutes for woodchips. When the gasification was stabilized, the highest temperature was observed just below the combustion zone. The air flow rate for woodchip experiment was provided at 25% of a stoichiometric requirement of combustion, which was within the range of typical air flow rate fer woody biomass gasification. Carbon monoxide concentrations were also within the values reported in the previous studies, ranging 20 to 30% depending on fuel types. It could be seen that fuel size and heating value were very important parameters in biomass gasification. These parameters should be taken into account in operating and designing biomass gasifiers.

Current status, challenges and prospects for dairy goat production in the Americas

  • Lu, Christopher D.;Miller, Beth A.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.32 no.8_spc
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    • pp.1244-1255
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    • 2019
  • Dairy goat production continues to be a socially, economically and culturally important part of the livestock industry in North, Central and South America and the Caribbean islands. Goat milk, cheese and other dairy products offer consumers food products with nutritional, health and environmental benefits. In North America, Mexico produces the greatest volume of goat milk, but most is for family or local consumption that is typical of a mixed farming system adopted by subsistence farmers in dry areas. The United States is not yet a large global goat milk producer, but the sector has expanded rapidly, with dairy goat numbers doubling between 1997 and 2012. The number of dairy goats has also increased dramatically in Canada. Commercial farms are increasingly important, driven by rising demand for good quality and locally sourced goat cheese. In South America, Brazil has the most developed dairy goat industry that includes government assistance to small-scale producers and low-income households. As of 2017, FAO identified Haiti, Peru, Jamaica, and Bolivia as having important goat milk production in the Western Hemisphere. For subsistence goat producers in the Americas on marginal land without prior history of chemical usage, organic dairy goat production can be a viable alternative for income generation, with sufficient transportation, sanitation and marketing initiatives. Production efficiency, greenhouse gas emission, waste disposal, and animal welfare are important challenges for dairy goat producers in the Americas.

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms from Soybean Sprouts

  • Kim, Hye-Jung;Koo, Kyoung-Mo;Kim, Gi-Nahm;Lee, Dong-Sun;Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.305-309
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    • 2002
  • Raw soybean sprouts were tested for contamination with the following bacteria which have potential for pathogenesis or food spoilage : Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Vibrio parahae-molyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesidomonas shigeloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Lis-teria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter jejuni, Erwinia spp., and Fusarium spp. Three of the above strains were isolated from the sprouts, and identified by morphological and biochemical methods including an API kit and ATB automated identification system. The isolate cultured in Cereus selective agar, a selective medium, was a Gram-positive, rod shaped, anaerobic spore former. The biochemical and culture tests revealed the following characteristics: catalase-positive, no growth on Simmon's citrate, NO₂ production and requirement of arginine for growth; the ATB automated identification system gave 99.8 % agreement for the identification of Bacillus cereus to the species level. The isolate cultured in Macconkey agar selective medium was Gram-negative, rod shaped and a gas former; the ATB-system gave 99.9% agreement for the identification of Aeromonas hydrophila to the species level. The isolate found in Pseudomonas isolation agar was Gram-negative, rod shaped, cytochrome oxidase-positive, a reducer of nitrates to nitrogen, and pyocyanin producer; the ATB-system gave 99.9 % agreement for the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the species level. These results indicate that the three bacteria species present in the soybean sprouts were Bacillus cereus, Aero-monas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Yersinia enter-ocolitica, which are associated with serious disease in humans, were not isolated from soybean sprouts examined in this study.