• BMB Reports
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2022

Peptides are gaining substantial attention as therapeutics for human diseases. However, they have limitations such as low bioavailability and poor pharmacokinetics. Periostin, a matricellular protein, can stimulate the repair of ischemic tissues by promoting angiogenesis. We have previously reported that a novel angiogenic peptide (amino acids 142-151) is responsible for the pro-angiogenic activity of periostin. To improve the in vivo delivery efficiency of periostin peptide (PP), we used proteins self-assembled into a hollow cage-like structure as a drug delivery nanoplatform in the present study. The periostin peptide was genetically inserted into lumazine synthase (isolated from Aquifex aeolicus) consisting of 60 identical subunits with an icosahedral capsid architecture. The periostin peptide-bearing lumazine synthase protein cage nanoparticle with 60 periostin peptides multivalently displayed was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Next, we examined angiogenic activities of this periostin peptide-bearing lumazine synthase protein cage nanoparticle. AaLS-periostin peptide (AaLS-PP), but not AaLS, promoted migration, proliferation, and tube formation of human endothelial colony-forming cells in vitro. Intramuscular injection of PP and AaLS-PP increased blood perfusion and attenuated severe limb loss in the ischemic hindlimb. However, AaLS did not increase blood perfusion or alleviate tissue necrosis. Moreover, in vivo administration of AaLS-PP, but not AaLS, stimulated angiogenesis in the ischemic hindlimb. These results suggest that AaLS is a highly useful nanoplatform for delivering pro-angiogenic peptides such as PP.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 1977

젓갈은 우리나라에서 옛부터 즐겨 먹어온 수산발효식품(水産醱酵食品)으로서 우리나라 고유(固有)의 젓갈이 많지만, 이에 대한 상세(詳細)한 연구보고(硏究報告)는 의외(意外)로 적다. 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서는 꼴뚜기젓의 정미성분(呈味成分)을 밝히기 위하여 선도(鮮度) 좋은 꼴뚜기를 원료(原料)로써 젓갈 숙성(熟成) 중의 핵산(核酸) 관련물질(關聯物質), 유리아미노산(酸), TMAO, TMA 및 betaine의 변화(變化)를 실험(實驗)하였다. 꼴뚜기젓 숙성(熟成) 중 ADP, AMP 및 inosine은 현저히 감소(減少)하는 반면(反面) hypoxanthine은 급증(急增)하여 숙성(熟成) 91일(日) 후(後)에는 건물량기준(乾物量基準) $9.3{\mu}mole/g$로서 원료(原料)에 비(比)하여 3.9배(倍) 증가(增加)하였다. 원료(原料)의 유리아미노산(酸) 조성(組成)을 보면, 함량(含量)이 많은 것은 Pro, Tau이고 다음이 Ala, Arg, Ser, Glu, Lys, Gly, Leu 및 Val이며, 함량(含量)이 적은 것은 Phe, Met. Tyr, Ileu, His의 순(順)이었다. 함량(含量)이 특(特)히 많은 아미노산(酸)의 전(全) 유리아미노산(酸)에 대한 비율(比率)을 보면, Pro 40.2%, Tau 32.0%로서 이들 2종(種)의 아미노산(酸)이 72.2%를 차지하였고, 엑스분질소(分窒素) 중 전(全)유리아미노산질소(酸窒素)가 차지하는 비율(比率)도 64.9%로서 높은 편이었다. 꼴뚜기젓 숙성(熟成) 중 유리아미노산(酸)의 양적(量的) 변화(變化)는 있으나 조성(組成)에는 변화(變化)가 없었다. 꼴뚜기젓의 유리아미노산(酸) 중 함량(含量)이 많은 것은 Pro, Leu, Lys, Ser, Arg, Ala, Val이고, Ileu, Phe, Met등도 상당히 많았으며, Glu, His등은 함량(含量)이 적었고 Tau과 Tyr은 흔적량에 불과(不過)하였다. betaine은 젓의 숙성(熟成)과 더불어 증가(增加)하기 시작하여 숙성(熟成) 91일(日)까지 증가(增加)하다가 그 후(後) 약간 감소(減少)하였다. TMAO는 숙성(熟成) 중 감소(減少)하는 반면(反面) TMA는 증가(增加)하였다. 63일간(日間) 숙성(熟成)시킨 꼴뚜기젓에는 건물량기준(乾物量基準)으로 TMAO질소(窒素)가 432.3mg%로서 상당히 많은 함량(含量)이었다. 꼴뚜기젓의 정미성분(呈味成分)으로서는 Pro, Leu, Ser, Lys, Arg, Ala, Val, Ileu, Phe, Met 및 Gly등과 같은 유리아미노산(酸)과 단맛을 가진 betaine, TMAO 그리고 핵산(核酸) 관련물질(關聯物質)로서는 hypoxanthine등이 중요(重要)한 정미성분(呈味成分)이라는 결론(結論)을 얻었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 1989

While ruling Chosun, with a view to making Chosun the primary supplier of food, Japan made the peasantry of Chosun go to ruin by leaving land from them through land enterprises, and the projects of increasing rice production. At the same time, Japan formed the higher classes comprising pro-Japanese capitalists, landlords and intellectuals, and protected them in order to carry out her colonial policies. Naturally there came into being a great gulf between the minority of high society and the majority of the poor in Chosun. As there was a great difference in food life between the two, I'm going to examine the literature of those days to grasp exactly the condition of their food intake. As for the staple food, out of thirteen provinces in Chosun, 13% lived on only rice and 27% on other minor cereals with no rice. As for the subsidiary food, about thirty percents did not take any animal protein. The examination of intake of nutrition by classes shows that the higher and middle classes took the necessary amount of calorie and protein and that the component ratio of calorie was comparatively properly distributed. The lower classes are defined as those whose monthly income was less than 100 won and the peasantry in general. And again the peasantry are classified into three-high, middle and low-according to their farming conditions. The tenant farmers in Kyeongguido and the peasants of Darli community took enough amount of calorie and protein, but much smaller amount of animal protein. Fire-field farmers led not less miserable food intake than the extremely poor peasants. They seldom lived on rice. Potatoes, oats and millets were their staple food. Lastly, Engel's coefficient for the Tomack-min (the residents in mud huts) who were among the three extremely poor classes, was 73.3%, which was much higher than that of the lower classes in then Japan. Rationed rice and barley were their staple food but the rationed amount was not sufficient to satisfy needs of physical labor. In conclusion, during the period of Japanese ruling of Chosun, the minority of higher and middle classes in Chosun generally took sufficient amount of nutrient, while the status of food intake with poor peasants, fire-field farmers and Tomack-min was extremely miserable.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.394-401
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to : (a) examine diabetic patients' sensory evaluation and food preferences, (b) analyze the portion sizes & plate wastes, (c) investigate the factors affecting plate wastes, and (d) determine the nutritional & mometary values of the plate wastes. A questionnaire for determining food preference and sensory evaluation was developed. Thirty-three diabetic patients who were hospitalized in Sanggye Paik hospital in Seoul were studied. Serving sizes and plate wastes were weighed by using an electric scale, and the CAN-Pro program was used to evaluate the nutritional value or the food consumed. The data were analyzed using the SAS package program for descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation. Using a five-point Likeu-type scale, the temperature s[ore ranged from 3.1 to 3.3 (1 : very poor, 5 : excellent), the preference store was 3.0-3.2 (1 : very dislike, 5:very like), the taste score was 2.9-3.2 (1 : very poor, 5 : excellent), and the amount of food served score was 2.8-3.0 (1 : too little, 5 : too much). Serving sizes were considered insufficient by patients because most of the DM diet was low in calories. Average plate waste for the DM diet was 26.2% of the total served, by weight, and was lower than that for patients consuming a normal diet, which was 30.3%, found in previous research. Those subjects who had been previously hospitalized and who wished to participate in a campaign for food waste reduction produced less plate waste than other groups (p<.05). Plate wastes of the DM diet were negatively correlated with taste, temperature, and preference, and were positively correlated with the amount served: however, these results were not statistically significant. It was found that diabetic patients consumed adequate levels of energy, protein, Ca, Fe, Vitamin B$_1$, Vitamin B$_2$, and niacin, but inadequate levels of Phosphorus, Vitamin A and Vitamin C. The plate wastes were calculated to be 26.2% of the total cost (￦ 3,489), which is ￦9l5. This represents a significant wastage of resources from the hospital. The results of this study could assist foodservice managers in both controlling food wastage, and improving the quality of hospital food services.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.221-233
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• 2009

Korea's aging population has been remarkably increased. They want to have not only extension of life expectancy but also improving quality of life. To maintain the quality of life, it is essential to have good nutrition. However, nutritional status of elderly in Korea has problems qualitatively and quantitatively. Risk factors for poor nutrition are advanced age, woman, living alone and low economic status. Another risk factor in rural area is season because seasonal changes can affect food intake of elderly. Thus this study surveyed the health status and dietary intakes of elderly by season in rural area. In this study, the elderly were grouped as group 1 {elderly who have one risk factor for chronic diseases (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes)} and group 2 (elderly who have more than 2 risk factors). Can-Pro 3.0 was used for dietary data analysis and SPSS 12.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Obesity had the highest percentage 62%, followed by hypertension 59.5%, dyslipidemia 21.5% and diabetes 11.6%. Obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were high in winter and WHR, diabetes and anemia were high in summer. Mean intakes of energy and nutrients were less than RI. Nutrients which were changed most by season were vitamin A and Vitamin C. Intakes of calcium and folic acid were less than recommended in summer. The ratio of CPF for carbohydrate was higher and fat was lower than recommended. In conclusion, the nutrient intake of Group 2 was better in quality but Group 1 was better in quantity. Nutrient intakes were poor in summer. In rural area, more careful nutritional assesment and management are needed for aged population, especially in summer.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were to identify multi-level stressors from blood biomarkers to community-level bioindicators and diagnose the stream ecosystem health in polluted streams. Blood chemistry such as total protein ($T_{Pro}$), blood urea nitrogen ($B_{UN}$), total cholesterol ($T_{Cho}$) and $A_{lb}$umin ($A_{lb}$) were analyzed from sentinel fish tissues; the functions of kidney, gill and liver were significantly decreased in the impacted zone ($I_z$), compared to the control zone ($C_z$). Histopathological analysis showed that fish liver tissues were normal in the $C_z$. Fish liver tissues in the $I_z$, however, showed large cell necrosis and degeneration and also had moderate lobular inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration of lymphocytic histocytes. Species biotic index (SBI) at species level and stream health assessment (SHA) at community level indicated that chemical impacts were evident in the $I_z$ (ecological health; poor - very poor), and this was matched with the blood tissue analysis and histopathological analysis. The impairments of the streams were supported by water chemistry analysis (nitrogen, phosphorus). Tolerance guild analysis and trophic guild analysis of fish were showed significant differences (P < 0.01) between $C_z$ and $I_z$. Overall, multiple parameter analysis from biomarker level (blood tissues) to bioindicator level (community health) showed significantly greater impacts in the $I_z$ than $C_z$. This approach may be effective as a monitoring tool in identifying the multilateral and forthcoming problems related to chemical pollution and habitat degradation of stream ecosystems.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2020

Phlojodicarpus sibiricus와 Artemisia kruhsiana Besser는 러시아 극한 지방에서 자생하며, 민간요법으로 널리 쓰여 왔다. 최근 연구에 따르면, 두 식물 추출액(PSE와 AKBE)은 항비만효과, 혈관신생 억제 효과 등 다양한 의학적 효과를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구논문에서는 PSE와 AKBE의 항림프종 효과와 기작을 분석하였다. PSE와 AKBE를 다양한 유전적 변이를 가진 DLBCL 세포주에 처리하였을 때, 농도 의존적으로 세포 생존율이 감소하였다. 하지만, 마우스의 골수나 비장으로부터 분리한 정상 세포에는 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 보아, 두 식물 추출액의 세포사멸 효과는 종양세포 특이적인 것으로 예상되며, 환자에 적용할 경우 부작용이 최소한만 나타날 것으로 예상된다. PSE와 AKBE의 세포사멸 효과는 Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, 그리고 Mcl-1 등의 anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member 유전자의 감소로 인한 미토콘드리아의 막 전위 붕괴에 기인함을 증명하였다. 흥미롭게도, 두 식물 추출액에 의한 세포사멸 효과는 Myc 종양유전자와는 독립적으로 일어났다. 이 결과를 종합하면, PSE와 AKBE는 항림프종 효과를 보유하고 있으며, 추후 연구를 통하여 세포사멸에 관여하는 단일 물질을 분리할 경우, 기존의 항암제를 대체할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2012

Depression and executive dysfunction are common neuropsychiatric sequelae of stroke. Patients with stroke are more predisposed to depression and executive dysfunction compared to patients with similar degree of physical disability. Both depression and executive dysfunction are also associated with poor prognosis such as high mortality and delayed recovery after stroke. Complex neurobiological and anatomical mechanisms are associated with the development of depression and executive dysfunction after stroke. Activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines is thought to be associated with onset of depression, whereas injuries in frontal-subcortical circuit are thought to be a link between depression and executive dysfunction. Early detection of depressive symptoms and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment would be helpful. In this review paper, the authors investigated 1) biological and neuroanatomical substrate for poststroke depression and executive dysfunction, 2) the relationship and common etiopathology for poststroke depression and executive dysfunction, and 3) pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment for poststroke depression. The contents of the paper are as follows : the prevalence, clinical manifestation, and biological etiology for poststroke depression, neuroanatomical abnormalities as a common etiological factor for depression and executive dysfunction, pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacological approach.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1988

Insufficient herbage during the fall in the temperate areas of the world has been a serious limitation in animal production, but leafy brassicae are potentially very useful for extending the grazing season when the growth and quality of grass is poor. This study was conducted to determine the effects of cutting stage and N fertilization on dry matter (DM) yield, forage quality and chemical composition of forage rape (Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera). The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Livestock Farm of Seoul Nat'l Univ., at Suweon, during 1985- 1986. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. DM percentage and yield significantly increased as the growth period was prolonged and decreased as the N fertilization increased, but in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was unaffected by the treatments. 2. Plant height, DM yield and $NO_3$-N content significantly increased as the rate of N fertilization increased and DM percentage decreased, but the IVDMD was unaffected. 3. The forage rape had high percentage of crude protein and ash. Glutamic acid, pro!ine and aspartic acid were the major amino acids. Concentration of P, Ca and Mg were high.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2002

Marine biotechnology is one of the promising frontier of scientific exploration and commercial utilization for the next century. Compared with the terrestrial environment, the oceans of the world remain largely unexplored and include a major portion of bio-resources. Using the tools of biotechnology, the vast and diverse marine resources can be applied to produce new products and foods. Marine biotechnology has the characteristics of pro-environment, saying energy, and intensive knowledge. Therefore, we can take advantage of the marine biotechnology industry under our situation with the poor natural resources. The study focuses on the current status and administrative supports on marine biotechnology industry for upgrading the economic value of output. The status of our marine biotechnology industry is beginning stage in the economic aspects. Manpower and the level of most technologies are weaker than the ones of the advanced countries. More investment and recruiting skilled specialists are necessary because the improvement of marine biotechnology is depend on the technology and scientists. This study suggests the ways of administrative supports for domestic marine biotechnology: Efficient information network and supporting system for the development of marine biotechnology should be interrelated with other technical and scientific fields; The government should provide sustainable fund for the long-term research project and the infrastructure in the marine biotechnology.