• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.3852-3864
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• 2016

Patients' health data is very sensitive and the access to individual's health data should be strictly restricted. However, many data consumers may need to use the aggregated health data. For example, the insurance companies needs to use this data to setup the premium level for health insurances. Therefore, privacy-preserving data aggregation solutions for health data have both theoretical importance and application potentials. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving health data aggregation scheme using differential privacy. In our scheme, patients' health data are aggregated by the local healthcare center before it is used by data comsumers, and this prevents individual's data from being leaked. Moreover, compared with the existing schemes in the literature, our work enjoys two additional benefits: 1) it not only resists many well known attacks in the open wireless networks, but also achieves the resilience against the human-factor-aware differential aggregation attack; 2) no trusted third party is employed in our proposed scheme, hence it achieves the robustness property and it does not suffer the single point failure problem.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2014

Purpose. The checked of perception for the protection of personal medical information of EMT student and Nursing student. Methods. Nursing students and EMT students 200 questionnaires were collected and Frequency analysis, Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA was performed for using the Windows SPSS(ver. 12.0). Results. Most of the subjects were aware of the protection law of personal information and Infringement of the privacy of personal information will be exposed. also, Education is needed privacy(EMT students $3.84{\pm}0.96$, Nursing students $3.73{\pm}0.99$). EMT($3.99{\pm}1.00$) and Nursing($4.07{\pm}0.94$)students due to exposure to both the patient's personal information privacy was violated would get recognized. Exposure to the computerization of information privacy will be exploited in other agencies(EMT students $3.78{\pm}0.88$, Nursing students $3.95{\pm}0.94$) was called. Conclusions. For the protection of personal health information, education needs to be expanded.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.105-110
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• 2021

Contact between Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructural is becoming increasingly popular in recent years due to their crucial role in the field of intelligent transportation. Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs) security and privacy are of the highest value since a transparent wireless communication tool allows an intruder to intercept, tamper, reply and erase messages in plain text. The security of a VANET based intelligent transport system may therefore be compromised. There is a strong likelihood. Securing and maintaining message exchange in VANETs is currently the focal point of several security testing teams, as it is reflected in the number of authentication schemes. However, these systems have not fulfilled all aspects of security and privacy criteria. This study is an attempt to provide a detailed history of VANETs and their components; different kinds of attacks and all protection and privacy criteria for VANETs. This paper contributed to the existing literature by systematically analyzes and compares existing authentication and confidentiality systems based on all security needs, the cost of information and communication as well as the level of resistance to different types of attacks. This paper may be used as a guide and reference for any new VANET protection and privacy technologies in the design and development.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.45-65
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• 2008

The rapid growth of the Internet has increased the amount of transmission of personally identifiable information. At the same time, with new Internet related technologies, organizations are trying to collect and access more personal information than before, which in turn makes individuals concern more about their information privacy. For their successful businesses, organizations have tried to alleviate these concerns in two ways: (1) by offering privacy policies that promise certain level of privacy protection; (2) by offering benefits such as financial gains or convenience. In this paper, we interpret these actions in the context of the information processing theory of motivation. This paper follows Hann et al.(2007)'s methods to analyze Internet users privacy concerns in Korea and tries to compare the findings. Our research objectives are as follows: First, we analyze privacy concern mitigation strategies in the framework of the expectancy theory of motivation. Subsequently, we show how the expectancy theory based framework is linked o the conjoint analysis. We empirically validate the predictions that the means to mitigate privacy concerns are associated with positive valences resulting in an increase in motivational score. In order to accommodate real-life contexts, we investigate these means in trade-off situation, where an organization may only be able to offer partially complete privacy protection and/or promotions and/or convenience, While privacy protection (secondary use, improper access) are associated with positive valences, we also find that financial gains can significantly increase the individuals' motivational score of a website in Korea. One important implication of this empirical analysis is that organizations may possess means to actively manage the privacy concerns of Internet users. Our findings show that privacy policies are valued by users in Korea just as in the US or Singapore. Hence, organizations can capitalize on this, by stating their privacy policy more prominently. Also organizations would better think of strategies or means that may increase online users' willingness to provide personal information. Since financial incentives also significantly increase the individuals' motivational score of website participation, we can quantify the value of website privacy protection in terms of monetary gains. We find that Korean Internet users value the total privacy protection (protection against errors, improper access, and secondary use of personal information) as worthy as KW 25,550, which is about US 28. Having done this conjoint analysis, we next adopt cluster analysis methodology. We identify two distinct segments of Korea's internet users-privacy guardians and information sellers, and convenience seekers. The immediate implication of our study is that firms with online presence must differentiate their services to serve these distinct segments to best meet the needs of segments with differing trade-offs between money and privacy concerns. Information sellers are distinguished from privacy guardians by prior experience of information provision, To the extent that businesses cannot observe an individual's prior experience, they must use indirect methods to induce segmentation by self-selection as suggested in classic economics literature of price discrimination, Businesses could use monetary rewards to attract information sellers to provide personal information. One step forward from the societal trends that emphasize the need of legal protection of information privacy, our study wants to encourage organizations and related authorities to have the viewpoints to consider both importance of privacy protection and the necessity of information trade for the growth of e-commerce.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.110-116
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• 2005

TSA needs to be more transparent with the new passenger screening system and its functioning to build the citizen trust. The system is needed to be not only effective but supported by Congress and the general public. Until this occurs, skepticism will underlie any discussion about its effectiveness in balancing the protection from terrorism with respect to individual liberties. CAPPS II can be a viable system if it is developed appropriately. The objectives of the study are to introduce the security program in the U.S. aviation security policy and to discuss privacy problems when it applies. Korea also needs to study a harmonious plan with the basis of global approach mind in the case of considering the transferring of passenger information from other states for the purpose of security.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.231-247
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to try to describe types of invasion of privacy caused by excessive information seeking on mass media. Recent 5 years of cases were gathered and analyzed to see the types of invasion of privacy, and extracted only those cases showing the results by excessive information seeking. Three standards such as the intension, the subject, and the characteristics were selected to differentiate the types and cases. Five types of those three standards were introduced by case by case. The issues regarding ways of privacy protection and correct attitude of information seeking were explored and a few suggestions were included at the end.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.3419-3437
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• 2022

Anonymization technology is an important technology for privacy protection in the process of data release. Usually, before publishing data, the data publisher needs to use anonymization technology to anonymize the original data, and then publish the anonymized data. However, for data publishers who do not have or have less anonymized technical knowledge background, how to configure appropriate parameters for data with different characteristics has become a more difficult problem. In response to this problem, this paper adds a historical configuration scheme resource pool on the basis of the traditional anonymization process, and configuration parameters can be automatically recommended through the historical configuration scheme resource pool. On this basis, a privacy model hybrid recommendation algorithm for user satisfaction is formed. The algorithm includes a forward recommendation process and a reverse recommendation process, which can respectively perform data anonymization processing for users with different anonymization technical knowledge backgrounds. The privacy model hybrid recommendation algorithm for user satisfaction described in this paper is suitable for a wider population, providing a simpler, more efficient and automated solution for data anonymization, reducing data processing time and improving the quality of anonymized data, which enhances data protection capabilities.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.145-162
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• 2008

One of the big concerns in e-society is privacy issue. In special, in developing robust ubiquitous smart space and corresponding services, user profile and preference are collected by the service providers. Privacy issue would be more critical in context-aware services simply because most of the context data themselves are private information: user's current location, current schedule, friends nearby and even her/his health data. To realize the potential of ubiquitous smart space, the systems embedded in the space should corporate personal privacy preferences. When the users invoke a set of services, they are asked to allow the service providers or smart space to make use of personal information which is related to privacy concerns. For this reason, the users unhappily provide the personal information or even deny to get served. On the other side, service provider needs personal information as rich as possible with minimal personal information to discern royal and trustworthy customers and those who are not. It would be desirable to enlarge the allowable personal information complying with the service provider's request, whereas minimizing service provider's requiring personal information which is not allowed to be submitted and user's submitting information which is of no value to the service provider. In special, if any personal information required by the service provider is not allowed, service will not be provided to the user. P3P (Platform for Privacy Preferences) has been regarded as one of the promising alternatives to preserve the personal information in the course of electronic transactions. However, P3P mainly focuses on preserving the buyers' personal information. From time to time, the service provider's business data should be protected from the unintended usage from the buyers. Moreover, even though the user's privacy preference could depend on the context happened to the user, legacy P3P does not handle the contextual change of privacy preferences. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a mutual P3P-based negotiation mechanism. To do so, service provider's privacy concern is considered as well as the users'. User's privacy policy on the service provider's information also should be informed to the service providers before the service begins. Second, privacy policy is contextually designed according to the user's current context because the nomadic user's privacy concern structure may be altered contextually. Hence, the methodology includes mutual privacy policy and personalization. Overall framework of the mechanism and new code of ethics is described in section 2. Pervasive platform for mutual P3P considers user type and context field, which involves current activity, location, social context, objects nearby and physical environments. Our mutual P3P includes the privacy preference not only for the buyers but also the sellers, that is, service providers. Negotiation methodology for mutual P3P is proposed in section 3. Based on the fact that privacy concern occurs when there are needs for information access and at the same time those for information hiding. Our mechanism was implemented based on an actual shopping mall to increase the feasibility of the idea proposed in this paper. A shopping service is assumed as a context-aware service, and data groups for the service are enumerated. The privacy policy for each data group is represented as APPEL format. To examine the performance of the example service, in section 4, simulation approach is adopted in this paper. For the simulation, five data elements are considered: $\cdot$ UserID $\cdot$ User preference $\cdot$ Phone number $\cdot$ Home address $\cdot$ Product information $\cdot$ Service profile. For the negotiation, reputation is selected as a strategic value. Then the following cases are compared: $\cdot$ Legacy P3P is considered $\cdot$ Mutual P3P is considered without strategic value $\cdot$ Mutual P3P is considered with strategic value. The simulation results show that mutual P3P outperforms legacy P3P. Moreover, we could conclude that when mutual P3P is considered with strategic value, performance was better than that of mutual P3P is considered without strategic value in terms of service safety.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.109-120
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• 2013

This study outlines the housing consciousness and needs of single woman household. In order to analyze housing consciousness of single woman household, surveys were conducted with the questionnaire composed of housing consciousness, housing needs, socio-demographic and housing characteristics of single woman household who lived in Seoul, and other near metropolitan area such as Gyeonggi and Incheon. The result of the study shows that single woman household put importance on safety, privacy, and comfort of their indoor housing environment. For single woman households convenience in transportation and facilities for leisure time were one of the important conscious factors. Housing consciousness of single woman household can be categorized into mainly three groups: (i) indifferent to overall housing consciousness except for convenient services such as front desk service at the lobby and maid house keeping services; (ii) privacy conscious group - this was the majority; (iii) relatively active housing consciousness group. Each type had different preference factors when selecting a house. That is, each showed difference preferences when considering types, sizes and services as well as motives for choosing a house.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.666-677
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the needs which were perceived by patients who were received spinal anesthesia for surgery. The subjects consisted of 50 adult patients who were admitted to 2 university hospitals and 2 general hospitals in Pusan city and 1 general hospital in Koje City for surgery under spinal anesthesia. Thirty eight percent of subjects received information about anesthesia before the operation. The instrument for this study was developed by the researcher based on literature and a pretest. Data were collected from December 10, 1999 to February 10, 2000 and were analyzed by content analysis. The results were that there were 533 meaningful statements in the needs of spinal anesthesia patients. The needs of spinal anesthesia patients had 51 items (preoperation (6), induction of anesthesia(5), intraoperation (27), postoperation(13)) and 6 categories (information, emotional welfare, physical welfare, post anesthetic management, control of physical environment, humane treatment). From the results, it can be concluded that: 1. In the pre-operation period, we have to explain anesthesia procedures, adequate position of anesthesia, duration before anesthesia wears off and sensation of paralysis. We have to supply emotional support to relieve anxiety because of anesthesia. 2. In induction of anesthesia, we have to support patient's position for anesthesia, and relieve anxiety so that patients participate in induction of anesthesia well. 3. In intra-operative period, we have to check the level of anesthesia, and keep up a comfortable position for operation and care for physical discomfort such as thirst, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea and to maintain body temperature of the patient. Since the patient is conscious, we have to communicate with the patient to relieve anxiety, maintain privacy, inform the patient of the process of the operation and encourage the surgeon to explain the outcome of the operation. The operating team needs the careful about what they say and to place the instrument well. We have to ventilate the room air and reduce noise. 4. In the post-operative period, we have to explain the purpose and duration of bed rest, complications of anesthesia and care for physical discomfort such as pain, dysuria, headache, backache. Also we have to maintain body temperature of the patient and maintain privacy.