• 의료법학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.461-503
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• 2008

The right to live is the most valuable benefit and protection of the law. And Medical science is the study considering value of life as the top priority. As modern medical science has progressed and expanding lifespan skills have developed, the number of symptom, called a human vegetable, has been also increased. As a result, people concerns whether euthanasia should be permitted. (1) Active euthanasia is prohibited and a doctor who conduct it is punished. (2) Indirect euthanasia can be permitted unless it is against a patient's intention. (3) Permission of passive euthanasia depends on intention of a patient. In other words, when a patient accepts, a doctor respects the right of self determination of patient and irreversible situation such as brain death happens, treatment stop is permitted. Even a patient who is in the last stage of cancer has a right to die in the dignity and elegance. Solutions for ceasing medical treatment are as follows; First, establishment of 'Bioethics Committee'. Second, setting procedures to empower a court a right to decide whether medical treatment is ceased. Third, setting procedure a government to assist treatment fees. In this paper, direction for social agreement of legal policy regarding the ceasing treatment is provided.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2007

[ $ulcorner$ ]Cost-Effectiveness Analysis$\lrcorner$ has been wifely used to evaluate economic efficiency of R&D projects, but most of cost-effectiveness evaluation systems have some problems such as systematic method for setting and evaluating cost factors, estimation of single effect on each R&D project, and estimation of cross effects among R&D projects. To solve these problems, we have designed a new evaluation indicator called a $ulcorner$Cost-Cross Effect Integration Indicator$lrcorner$ including cross effects developed in this research. The major research findings are summarized as follows : (1) $ulcorner$Coist Estimation Model$lrcorner$, which estimates the cost factors divided into two classes of assembly product and system product and then integrates the total cost values, has been designed. (2) A new method for estimating parameters of cross effects among R&D projects has been developed. (3) $ulcorner$Cross Effects Estimation Model$lrcorner$ to estimate multi-effects and cross effects by completion time among several projects has been designed. (4) $ulcorner$Integration Estimation Indicator$lrcorner$ for setting priority on a project group has been extracted by combination of total cost value and total effect value.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1999

Recently there are increasing concerns on quality improvement activities related to difficult economic situations, more competitive environment, health professional's emphasis on quality, and customer's needs in health care. The purpose of this study was to identify educational needs in the quality improvement for staff nurses. Study setting was an acute care hospital having more than 1000 bed in Seoul, Korea. The subjects were 40 staff nurses who participated in the first Quality Assurance(QA) inservice education. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire which consisted of four parts : QA knowledge and attitude(ten items, by five Likert scale), contents of QA education(ten items, by setting the priority), evaluation of the program(structure, time allocation, place, educational method), and general characteristics of respondents (age, duration to work for hospitals etc.) The response rate was 85%(34/40), Most had positive perspective and attitude about QI/QA activities, but 9% had negative impression and knowledge about this activities. Also they'd like to know the plan of hospital-level QI/QA activities, QI/QA current practice, general hospital system, the role of QA specialist and so on. Consequently, for building the quality improvement activities that is customer-focused, coordinated, outcome-oriented, resource-efficient, collaborative in Korea, at first the education about philosophy, theory, and implementation process of QI/QA should be conducted, and then that on QI/QA terminology, quality indicators development, the analysis and presentation of quality-related data and so forth be followed.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.119-132
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• 1995

This study shows the characteristics of the early phenomena of the city plan Hanyang (old city Seoul). It consists of two steps. One is to search for the constructing principles of the geometric setting. And the other is to inquire and interpret the objects of beginning and ending points of that setting. The results based on geographic analysis and historical facts are as follows: 1) The city plan Hanyang shows a certain hierarchy:the major axis and the locations of the palace and the city set up in the prority. This priority made onto lower hierarchical plans such as the site plans of palaces and city wall. For example of the significant objects are Namdaemum (South Gate of the city wall) and Kwanghwamun (South Gate of the Palace). They are on the main axis, and became the basic points of the detailed city plans. 2) The palace palace on its major axis, right-angled minor axis, and 4 grade inclination to north. The four small city wall gates located on the base of four greater gates. 3) The geometric characteristics as constructing principle found on certain hierarchical order. Thus, the natural elements as mountains, had an important effect on the arrangement of major facilities and those main constructions made on lower - hierarchical settings. 4) These facts related closely to the philosophy of Jung, Do-Jon, the initiative planer of the Hanyang.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2020

This study attempts to derive critical success factors and prioritize activities for implementing the automation of software test. Software testing proceeds in five steps of test plan, test case design, test scripting & test environment setup, test execution & evaluation, and test closure. From the literature, twenty influence factors in the five steps were identified. Focus Group Interviews with ten experts in software testing selected fourteen factors on the basis of importance and feasibility. Some factors were further divided to clarify their meanings and the number of influence factors finally became twenty one. A survey on the influence factors was conducted with 75 IT professionals. An importance-feasibility analysis was applied to the survey responses and classified the influence factors into four groups of essential factors, critical factors, low priority factors, and minimal factors. Essential factors include objectives for test automation, strategies for test automation, test automation training, test automation education, setting up test automation environment, setting up test environment, test automation tool selection. Critical factors include management's continued support, management's continued interest, role of automation engineers, and skills of automation engineers. This result suggests that a lot of efforts should be put into SW test plan for the successful SW test automation and SW automation should proceed in consideration with the priorities and resource consumption.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the healthcare status of South Korea and other member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) using OECD health statistics 2020. We employed the position value for relative comparison index to measure the healthcare status in five following components: demand, supply, accessibility, quality, and cost. The Mann-Kendall test was used to analyze for increasing or decreasing trend of the position value for relative comparison values from 2000 to the recent year. Results showed that Korea was positioned above than the OECD median values in most of components, but lower than the median values in certain indices including healthcare employment, primary care, and mental health care. This study sheds some light on healthcare issues to be improved and the policy-makes can take into account for prior setting process.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2013

The elements that determine the success of development projects on goats and the prerequisites for ensuring this are discussed in the context of the bewildering diversity of goat genetic resources, production systems, multifunctionality, and opportunities for responding to constraints for productivity enhancement. Key determinants for the success of pro-poor projects are the imperatives of realistic project design, resolution of priorities and positive impacts to increase investments and spur agricultural growth, and appropriate policy. Throughout the developing world, there exist 97% of the total world population of 921 million goats across all agroecological zones (AEZs), including 570 breeds and 64% share of the breeds. They occupy a very important biological and socioeconomic niche in farming systems making significant multifunctional contributions especially to food, nutrition and financial security, stability of farm households, and survival of the poor in the rural areas. Definitions are given of successful and failed projects. The analyses highlighted in successful projects the value of strong participatory efforts with farmers and climate change. Climate change effects on goats are inevitable and are mediated through heat stress, type of AEZ, water availability, quantity and quality of the available feed resources and type of production system. Within the prevailing production systems, improved integrated tree crops - ruminant systems are underestimated and are an important pathway to enhance C sequestration. Key development strategies and opportunities for research and development (R and D) are enormous, and include inter alia defining a policy framework, resolution of priority constraints using systems perspectives and community-based participatory activities, application of yield-enhancing technologies, intensification, scaling up, and impacts. The priority for development concerns the rainfed areas with large concentrations of ruminants in which goats, with a capacity to cope with heat tolerance, can be the entry point for development. Networks and networking are very important for the diffusion of information and can add value to R and D. Well formulated projects with clear priority setting and participatory R and D ensure success and the realisation of food security, improved livelihoods and self-reliance in the future.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.264-275
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• 2015

지역보건의료사업의 효과성과 효율성을 개선하기 위해 지역사회 요구에 기반한 우선순위과제가 선정되어 추진되고 있으나, 선정방법의 체계적인 사용이 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 우선순위선정 방법의 개선방안을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 81개의 지역보건의료계획에서 사용된 우선순위선정에 대해 방법 및 기준의 빈도를 파악하고, 각 방법이 제시한 내용을 바탕으로 실제 사용의 적절성을 분석하였다. 우선순위선정을 위한 분석대상으로 건강문제가 아닌 사업 자체를 하고 있는 경우가 많았다. 가장 많이 사용된 우선순위선정 방법은 Basic priority rating 이었으며 다음은 우선순위화 매트릭스이었다. 우선순위기준 중 문제의 크기를 보면, 만성질환에서는 유병률, 건강행위에서는 주로 건강문제를 가진 사람의 비율이 지표로 사용되고 있었다. 문제의 크기를 비롯하여 심각성, 중재 효과 등의 우선순위선정 기준이 객관적 자료 없이 평가되고 있었으며, 점수화기준도 명확하지 않았다. 우선순위선정의 분석대상을 건강문제로 한정하고, 건강문제 영역별로 점수화 기준을 제시해 줄 필요가 있다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.1225-1230
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• 2015

WBAN을 위한 MAC 프로토콜은 의료용 센서 노드의 가변적인 데이터를 효율적으로 처리하기 위해서 응급상황에서 발생하는 트래픽을 가장 높은 우선순위로 처리하는 CSMA/CA(: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) 알고리즘을 수행하게 된다. 노드가 전송하는 응급 메시지는 충돌이 발생하게 되고 응급 메시지 재전송으로 인한 전송 지연이 발생할 수 있으며 재전송으로 인한 에너지 낭비를 가져올 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 개선하기 위해서 우선순위 큐잉을 적용한 CSMA/CA 알고리즘의 경우 MAC 명령어 프레임과 데이터 프레임의 우선순위를 정하여 서로 다른 백오프 파라미터를 적용하고 충돌로 인한 프레임 손실을 최소화하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 성능평가 결과 제안한 MAC 프로토콜을 사용했을 때가 IEEE 802.15.6을 사용했을때 보다 충돌 확률이 감소하여 패킷 전송 처리율이 증가하고 패킷 손실량이 감소함을 보였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39C권11호
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• pp.1042-1049
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• 2014

군의 MicroWave 통신 환경에서 회선 설계를 위해 링크거리, 가용도, 전송용량은 중요한 요소이다. 현재 고정용 변조방식으로 운용, 미래 전송용량 증대가 가능한 변조방식으로 진화될 예정이다. 링크 거리에 따라 페이딩 발생확률의 증가로 장거리의 경우 고신뢰의 전송품질을 지속적으로 보장하기 어려울 수 있다. 대용량 전송을 위한 변조방식의 경우 장거리가 될수록 링크버짓에서 페이드 마진의 저하로 가용도가 감소되어 QoS 보장에 있어 제한사항이 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 군 MicroWave 무선 링크에서의 링크거리를 고려한 대역폭 가변 할당 및 우선순위 전송 용량 비율 설정을 이용한 우선순위 전송 기법을 통해 무선 전송 성능 향상기법을 제안하고 링크 설계를 위한 채널 전송 용량 산출방안을 제시한다.