• Title/Summary/Keyword: Priority index

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International cyber security strategy as a tool for comprehensive security assurance of civil aviation security: methodological considerations

  • Grygorov, Oleksandr;Basysta, Albina;Yedeliev, Roman;Paziuk, Andrii;Tropin, Zakhar
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.21 no.9
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    • pp.332-338
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    • 2021
  • Civil aviation cybersecurity challenges are global in nature and must be addressed using global best practices and the combined efforts of all stakeholders. This requires the development of comprehensive international strategies and detailed plans for their implementation, with appropriate resources. It is important to build such strategies on a common methodology that can be applied to civil aviation and other interrelated critical infrastructure sectors. The goal of the study was to determine the methodological basis for developing an international civil aviation cybersecurity strategy, taking into account existing experience in strategic planning at the level of international specialized organizations. The research was conducted using general scientific and theoretical research methods: observation, description, formalization, analysis, synthesis, generalization, explanation As a result of the study, it was established the specifics of the approach to formulating strategic goals in civil aviation cybersecurity programs in the documents of intergovernmental and international non-governmental organizations in the aviation sphere, generally based on a comprehensive vision of cybersecurity management. A comparative analysis of strategic priorities, objectives, and planned activities for their implementation revealed common characteristics based on a single methodological sense of cybersecurity as a symbiosis of five components: human capacity, processes, technologies, communications, and its regulatory support. It was found that additional branching and detailing of priority areas in the strategic documents of international civil aviation organizations (by the example of Cybersecurity Strategy and Cybersecurity Action Plan) does not always contribute to compliance with a unified methodological framework. It is argued that to develop an international civil aviation cybersecurity strategy, it is advisable to use the methodological basis of the Cyber Security Index.

A study on the priorities through weight analysis for each index of performance evaluation of public sewage operation agency (공공하수도 관리대행 성과평가 지표별 가중치분석을 통한 우선순위에 대한 연구)

  • Wi, Mikyung;Park, Chulhwi
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.495-502
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    • 2020
  • The 37 indicators for performance evaluation of public sewage management agencies are divided into four major categories (agency manpower management ability, wastewater treatment plant operation and management, sludge and water reuse, service quality) in the first stage, and the necessity and score acquisition for the detailed indicators by each major category in the second stages. Priority was investigated through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis technique for ease and relevance of company efforts. Also, based on the results of this analysis, integrated type weighting and relative importance were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the weight and relative importance of the first stage classification were in the order of wastewater treatment plant operation and maintenance, operation agency manpower management ability, sludge and water reuse, and service quality. As a result of analyzing the weights and priorities of the detailed performance indicators in the second stage, it was found that operator's career years, the percentage of certification holding rate in operators, compliance with the effluent water quality standards, training times for operators, and efforts to manage hazardous chemicals were important. Some of the indicators of operation agency performance evaluation may include indicators in which the performance of the company's efforts is underestimated or overestimated. In order to improve this, it is necessary to give weights in consideration of the necessity of the indicator, the relevance of the company's efforts, and the ease of obtaining scores.

Derivation of Indicators for Value Assessment of School Gardens

  • Hong, In-Kyoung;Yun, Hyung-Kwon;Jung, Young-Bin;Lee, Sang-Mi
    • Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.433-443
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    • 2020
  • Background and objective: The boom in urban agriculture has also resulted in the creation of many school gardens. With the increase in various hands-on education programs, people are interested in assessing the value of school gardens. This study was conducted to derive indicators for service value assessement of educational farming experience using school gardens. Methods: Through literature review, we selected assessment items and sub-factors. The indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of school gardens are classified using the Delphi method that involve a focus group experts. In order to increase the reliability and validity of the selected and classified items, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted. In addition, the relative importance and priority of each factor in each field were assessed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Results: We classified the indicators into 4 criteria and come up with 13 items and 33 sub-factors in educational value, health value, economic value, and ecological and environmental value. Most of the items for the 4 value criteria derived were significant for assessing the value of agricultural experience services with content validity ratio (CVR) higher than 0.59 and reliability higher than .6 . In the value criteria, the experts rated educational value as the most important, followed by health value, ecological and environmental value, and economic value. In the assessment items, the most important was improvement of social functions. In the sub-factors, the most important was strengthening of ties (friendly interactions). Conclusion: Among the derived indicators assessing the value of school gardens, 4 criteria, 12 evaluation items and 29 sub-factors showed significance. The schematic index would be useful for the assessment.

Vulnerability Evaluation by Road Link Based on Clustering Analysis for Disaster Situation (재난·재해 상황을 대비한 클러스터링 분석 기반의 도로링크별 취약성 평가 연구)

  • Jihoon Tak;Jungyeol Hong;Dongjoo Park
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.29-43
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    • 2023
  • It is necessary to grasp the characteristics of traffic flow passing through a specific road section and the topological structure of the road in advance in order to quickly prepare a movement management strategy in the event of a disaster or disaster. It is because it can be an essential basis for road managers to assess vulnerabilities by microscopic road units and then establish appropriate monitoring and management measures for disasters or disaster situations. Therefore, this study presented spatial density, time occupancy, and betweenness centrality index to evaluate vulnerabilities by road link in the city department and defined spatial-temporal and topological vulnerabilities by clustering analysis based on distance and density. From the results of this study, road administrators can manage vulnerabilities by characterizing each road link group. It is expected to be used as primary data for selecting priority control points and presenting optimal routes in the event of a disaster or disaster.

Feasibility of Community Information Centres and The Implications for Technological Innovations in Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

  • Kingsley N. Igwe;Elizabeth O. Ndubuisi-Okoh;Patience Odenigbo
    • International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.7-22
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    • 2023
  • The development of rural areas is expected to be holistic covering all essential infrastructure. Community information centres (CICs) are agen- cies that should be part of the infrastructures for rural development. Unfortunately, these centres are hardly seen in rural communities in Nigeria, including Afikpo in Ebonyi State. Thus, this study was conceived to explore the perceptions of citizens towards the establishment of CICs in the locality. It adopted survey research method with questionnaire as instrument for data collection, which was self-developed and validated by experts with a pre-texted reliability index of 0.72. A total of 399 copies of the questionnaire were distributed, out of which 267 copies were properly completed, representing 67% and were used for analysis. Findings revealed that the citizens have overall positive perception to- wards establishing the CICs; they are also knowledgeable of the benefits of such centres. Furthermore, there are workable suggestions on ways of establishing, funding and managing CICs in Afikpo. In addition, about 65% of the respondents indicated interest to assist and support the funding and management of the CICs when established. However, the challenges of inadequate funding and support as well as the possible politics of where to site/locate the CICs in Afikpo, are likely impediments to the project. The study concluded that citizens have strong and positive disposition towards establishing CICs in Afikpo. The implications of such CICs for technological innovations were analysed. The study recom- mends, among others, that government should see the establishment of CICs as priority projects that would significantly contribute to the growth and development of rural communities in Nigeria; communities in Afikpo should explore self-help approach to development; and political representatives from Afikpo should take advantage of establishing CICs as constituency projects for the citizens.

Development and Application of Private-focused Digital Public Service Evaluation Framework: Focused on AHP Analysis (민간 중심 디지털 공공 서비스 적합성 평가 프레임워크 개발 및 시범 적용 연구: AHP를 중심으로)

  • Sangjun Lee;DaeChul Lee
    • Journal of Information Technology Services
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.71-92
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    • 2023
  • Globally, under the leadership of advanced ICT countries, the private sector is promoting various policies to promote the digital transformation of public services. Looking at the research trend, design of public service indicators, development of evaluation system, and empirical research are being carried out steadily, but there are insufficient research cases on models in which the private sector participates in the planning, development, and operation of public services. In this study, Private-centric digital public service suitability evaluation indicators were discovered through interviews with experts in various fields, and weights for each indicator were analyzed through AHP evaluation. In addition, by applying the analysis results to 18 digital public services on a trial basis, the importance and priority of evaluation indicators for each service were derived, and at the same time, the evaluation framework was designed and applied to diagnose implications. As a result of the study, 'social utility', 'corporate acceptability', and 'public acceptability' were selected as the top three indicators of suitability evaluation. At this time, it was analyzed that the weight of the 'company acceptability' index, which includes sub-indices such as 'service profitability', 'service scalability', and 'private initiative possibility', was the highest among the three top indicators. As a result of the demonstration for public services, "IoT facility unmanned remote monitoring service", "blockchain real estate transaction service", and "digital twin disaster prediction service" were evaluated as the most suitable public services for the transition to the private sector.

A Clinical Study on Differentiation of Syndromes of Amenorrhea or Oligomenorrhea with DSOM (한방진단시스템 DSOM을 이용한 무월경 및 희발월경의 변증진단 연구)

  • Lee, In-Seon;Bae, Geung-Mee
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.189-208
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: In oriental medicine, doctors have mainly made diagnosis and treatment with amenorrhea or delayed menstrual period based on overall analysis of symptoms and signs patients have. We think patients with amenorrhea or delayed menstrual period to have symptoms that are classified into one differentiation of syndromes, and then studied to make the index. This study has been carried out to investigate pattern identifications and classify symptoms according to them. Methods: We examined 52 patients who visited Dong-eui university oriental medical center from June 2005 to February 2009 for undergoing treatment for amenorrhea or delayed menstrual period and made OB & GY questionnaires up Results: We investigated whether the patients had symptoms concerned with symptom types by analyzing the result of DSOM(Diagnos System of Oriental Medicine, hearafter DSOM). It came out 51 cases among 52 with pathogenesis that was related to the symptom types. The symptom types of were surveyed into Insufficiency of Kidney and Liver(肝腎不足), Insufficiency of Qi and Blood(氣血虛弱), Insufficiency of Yin & Dryness of blood(陰虛血燥), stagnation of Qi and Blood(氣滯血瘀), phlegm and damp(痰濕阻滯), coldness of Blood(血寒), Heat of Heart(心火). Conclusion: As a result of the investigation, one case did not have symptoms of differentiation of syndromes of amenorrhea or delayed menstrual period. 29 cases had 1 or 2 differentiation of syndromes. 21 patients had such complex symptoms of diverse differentiation of syndromes that it was difficult to diagnose a differentiation of syndromes in clinical survey. It is necessary to put the priority among the differentiation of syndromes in diagnosis in the future.

Prediction of potential spread areas of African swine fever virus through wild boars using Maxent model

  • Lim, Sang Jin;Namgung, Hun;Kim, Nam Hyung;Oh, Yeonsu;Park, Yung Chul
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.54-61
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    • 2022
  • Background: In South Korea, African swine fever virus (ASFV) has spread among wild boars through Gangwon-do to Dangyang-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do on the southern border of Gangwon-do. To prevent the spread of ASFV to African swine fever (ASF)-free areas, it is necessary to identify areas with a high probability of finding ASFV-infected carcasses and to reduce the density of wild boars in those areas. In this study, we described the propagation trend of ASFV among wild boars, constructed the habitat suitability maps for ASFV-infected carcasses, and suggested areas with a high probability of finding ASFV-infected carcasses and an important route of ASFV transmission. Results: Despite the active quarantine policies in Korea to prevent the spread of ASFV through wild boars, there was no significant difference in the monthly average of number of ASFV-infected carcasses observed between 2020 and 2021. The ASFV-infected carcasses were found more in winter and spring (January to April). Since the first ASF outbreak in wild boars on October 2, 2019, the maximum width of ASFV-infected carcass distribution area was 222.7 km for about 26 months till November 20, 2021. The habitat suitability map, based on GPS coordinates of ASFV-infected wild boar carcasses, shows that highly detectable areas of ASFV-infected carcasses were sporadically dispersed in western and southwestern parts of Gangwon-do, and ranged from north to south of the province along the Baekdudaegan Mountains, whereas poorly detectable areas ranged along the north to the south in the middle parts of the province. Conclusions: Our suitability model, based on the GPS coordinates of ASFV-infected carcasses, identifies potential habitats where ASFV-infected carcasses are likely to be found and ponential routes where ASFV is likely to spread. Among ASF-free areas, the areas with high suitability predicted in this study should be given priority as survey areas to find ASFV-infected carcasses and hunting areas to reduce wild boar populations.

Utilization of UAV Remote Sensing in Small-scale Field Experiment : Case Study in Evaluation of Plat-based LAI for Sweetcorn Production

  • Hyunjin Jung;Rongling Ye;Yang Yi;Naoyuki Hashimoto;Shuhei Yamamoto;Koki Homma
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2022.10a
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    • pp.75-75
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    • 2022
  • Traditional agriculture mostly focused on activity in the field, but current agriculture faces problems such as reduction of agricultural inputs, labor shortage and so on. Accordingly, traditional agricultural experiments generally considered the simple treatment effects, but current agricultural experiments need to consider the several and complicate treatment effects. To analyze such several and complicate treatment effects, data collection has the first priority. Remote sensing is a quite effective tool to collect information in agriculture, and recent easier availability of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) enhances the effectiveness. LAI (Leaf Area Index) is one of the most important information for evaluating the condition of crop growth. In this study, we utilized UAV with multispectral camera to evaluate plant-based LAI of sweetcorn in a small-scale field experiment and discussed the feasibility of a new experimental design to analyze the several and complicate treatment effects. The plant-based SR measured by UAV showed the highest correlation coefficient with LAI measured by a canopy analyzer in 2018 and 2019. Application of linear mix model showed that plant-based SR data had higher detection power due to its huge number of data although SR was inferior to evaluate LAI than the canopy analyzer. The distribution of plant-based data also statistically revealed the border effect in treatment plots in the traditional experimental design. These results suggest that remote sensing with UAVs has the advantage even in a small-scale experimental plot and has a possibility to provide a new experimental design if combined with various analytical applications such as plant size, shape, and color.

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A Study on the Financial Strength of Households on House Investment Demand (가계 재무건전성이 주택투자수요에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Rho, Sang-Youn;Yoon, Bo-Hyun;Choi, Young-Min
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - This study investigates the following two issues. First, we attempt to find the important determinants of housing investment and to identify their significance rank using survey panel data. Recently, the expansion of global uncertainty in the real estate market has directly and indirectly influenced the Korean housing market; households demonstrate a sensitive reaction to changes in that market. Therefore, this study aims to draw conclusions from understanding how the impact of financial strength of the household is related to house investment. Second, we attempt to verify the effectiveness of diverse indices of financial strength such as DTI, LTV, and PIR as measures to monitor the housing market. In the continuous housing market recession after the global crisis, the government places top priority on residence stability. However, the government still imposes forceful restraints on indices of financial strength. We believe this study verifies the utility of these regulations when used in the housing market. Research design, data, and methodology - The data source for this study is the "National Survey of Tax and Benefit" from 2007 (1st) to 2011 (5th) by the Korea Institute of Public Finance. Based on this survey data, we use panel data of 3,838 households that have been surveyed continuously for 5 years. We sort the base variables according to relevance of house investment criteria using the decision tree model (DTM), which is the standard decision-making model for data-mining techniques. The DTM method is known as a powerful methodology to identify contributory variables for predictive power. In addition, we analyze how important explanatory variables and the financial strength index of households affect housing investment with the binary logistic multi-regressive model. Based on the analyses, we conclude that the financial strength index has a significant role in house investment demand. Results - The results of this research are as follows: 1) The determinants of housing investment are age, consumption expenditures, income, total assets, rent deposit, housing price, habits satisfaction, housing scale, number of household members, and debt related to housing. 2) The impact power of these determinants has changed more or less annually due to economic situations and housing market conditions. The level of consumption expenditure and income are the main determinants before 2009; however, the determinants of housing investment changed to indices of the financial strength of households, i.e., DTI, LTV, and PIR, after 2009. 3) Most of all, since 2009, housing loans has been a more important variable than the level of consumption in making housing market decisions. Conclusions - The results of this research show that sound financing of households has a stronger effect on housing investment than reduced consumption expenditures. At the same time, the key indices that must be monitored by the government under economic emergency conditions differ from those requiring monitoring under normal market conditions; therefore, political indices to encourage and promote the housing market must be divided based on market conditions.