• 아동학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2013

This study investigated the differences and relationships between environmental print reading ability, vocabulary, and print concepts of children at ages 3 and 4. The subjects comprised 90 children, who could not read letters. The Children's Reading Ability of Environmental Print Scale(Son, 2012), Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test(Kim et al., 2009) and Concepts About Print(Kim & Kim, 2004) were used in this study. The collected data were analyzed using t-test and Pearson's correlations. The results of this study were as follows; in terms of Illiterate Korean children, aged 3 to 4 years, their scores on the environmental print reading tasks were positively correlated with vocabulary and print concepts.

• 아동학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.181-200
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• 2012

The purpose of this study investigate the differences in children's reading abilities of environmental print according to children's age and types of parental literacy interaction. The subjects comprised 111 illiterate children, 3 to 4 years of age, and their mothers. The Children's Reading Abilities of Environmental Print Scale (CRAEPS), Parent's Literacy Interaction Rating Scale (PLIRS) as developed by Son (2012) were used in this study. The collected data are analyzed by means of descriptive analysis, K-mean cluster analysis, Correlations, and two-way ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows : Illiterate Korean children, aged 3 to 4 years, can read environmental print which are familiar to them, and an 'open interaction style' plays an important role in developing the child's reading ability of environmental print. Therefore, in order to develop child literacy, it is necessary to research, not only teaching methods for using environmental print in the home, child care centers, and in kindergarten, but also parent education programs regarding the importance of the mother's literacy interaction style.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제17권
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• pp.85-103
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• 1989

The purpose of this second one of the two consecutive papers, which carried out for the research, is to evaluate their relative effectiveness regarding instruction with such three presentation methods as video/print+ lecture, print/video, print+lecture/video, with which the library of Duk Sung Women's University applied already for the orientation of the freshmen in 1988. In sum, the major research findings are as follows : First, as the more numerous media were applied for the orientation, the instruction were more effective. Second, it is very interesting to find out that there were wide differences in effectiveness among the three presentation methods applied for the student. Especially, the print+ lecture/video method was more effective in the instruction than the print/video method. Surprisingly, the video/print + lecture method was much more effective than the print+ lecture/video method. With the research findings of this two consecutive papers into consideration, it seems safe to say that the video-tape method was most effective among such three orienting methods as lecture, slide-tape, and video tape, and the video/print+lecture method was most effective among such three presentation methods as video/print+lecture, print/video, and print+lecture/video.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2021

VMD 금/아연 기법은 금의 탁월한 전·연성을 이용함으로써 비다공성 표면에서 잠재지문을 현출할 수 있는 매우 민감한 기법으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 이 기법은 empty print 현상으로 인해 지문을 관찰할 수 없는 경우가 발생하며, 그 발생 원인에 대해서는 추측만 있을 뿐 명확하게 알려진 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 empty print의 발생 요인으로 추측되는 지문의 신선도와 기법의 민감도에 대해 실험하고, 이를 바탕으로 empty print에서 지문을 재현출하기 위해 CA 훈증법 후처리를 제안한다.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2008

Print-through is one of the most important attributes of print quality and has long been a subject to study. However, some aspects of print through are still in need to be enlighten. In this paper, different kinds of evaluating methods for print through are compared using densitometry, brightness, and image analysis. Printing conditions including ink feed, drying condition, and emulsification rate are systematically changed to effect print-through both on uncoated and coated commercial papers. Also several inks from different makers are introduced and compared in terms of print-through propensity. From the results, densitometry is not a good indicator for print through on the papers in this study. Ink feed has a strong effect on print through, especially for uncoated paper and should be considered in a point of optimum ink feed level in real world. Contribution of faster ink(oil) absorption seems to be more competitive than that of ink(oil) evaporation resulting in severer print-through for hot drying process. It is shown that ink-water emulsification rate increases print through at mild level but easy to decrease it with lower density due to the increase of water contents in emulsion. It is believed that the effect of absorption overwhelms that of density drop at mild emulsification level. This study does not include the effect of ink attributes in detail but shows that distinctive differences in print through may be resulted from various ink-makers and is finalized with some suggestions.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.115-127
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• 2005

DNA마이크로어레이 기술은 수천 개 또는 수만 개의 유전자의 발현을 동시에 탐색할 수 있는 새로운 과학 기술이다. 표준화(normalization)는 마이크로어레이 실험에서 다양한 원인에 의해 발생하는 잡음(noise)을 줄이거나 제거하는 과정을 나타낸다. print-tip의 변동은 잡음의 주요 요인으로 인지되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 잡음의 주요 발생요인이 되는 print-tip의 변동을 조절하기 위한 print-tip 표준화 작업에 대한 객관적인 비교 및 그 타당성 평가를 하였다. 먼저 그동안 제안된 여러 표준화 방법들 중에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 방법들을 정리해서 소개한 후에, 잡음이 많이 포함된 실제 cDNA 실험자료를 이용하여 각 표준화 방법의 특성을 비교해 보았다. 또한 실험자료와 유사한 모의분포를 생성한 후에 print-tip 표준화 작업에 대한 체계적인 비교를 해 보았다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.371-383
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• 2004

In this study, 197 4- to 6- year-old Korean children wereindividually tested with Concepts about Print(CAP Clay, 2000), the Picture Vocabulary Test(Kim, Jang, Lim & Bak, 1996), Korean-Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence : Verbal Test (K-WPPSI), and the Basic Academy Skills Assessment : Reading(Kim, 2000). Data were analyzed by Pearson-correlation, analysis of variance, and factor analysis. There were significant differences of CAP mean scores by age. Within the subcategories of CAP, Book Orientation Concepts and Print-convention were acquired earlier than other subcategories, followed by Print-direction, Print-order and Advanced Print Concepts in that order. The scores of CAP were positively correlated with the Picture Vocabulary Test, the K-WPPSI verbal test and the reading test.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.60-69
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• 2008

The principal reasons for applying a pigment coating to paper are to improve appearance and printability. The pigment coating provides a surface that is more uniform and more receptive to printing ink than are the uncoated fibers and, in turn, both facilitates the printing process and enhances the graphic reproduction. The improvement in print quality is readily apparent, especially in image areas or when multiple colors are involved. Although pigment coating of paper is to improve the printability, coated paper is not completely free from printing defects. Actually there are a number printing defects that are observed only with the coated papers. Among the printing defects that are commonly observed for coated papers, print mottle during multi-color offset printing is one of the most concerned defects, and it appears not only on solid tone area but also half dot print area. There are four main causes of print mottle ranging from printing inks, dampening solution, paper, and printing press or its operation. These indicates that almost every factors associated with lithographic printing can cause print mottle. Among these variation of paper quality influences most significantly on print mottle problems in multicolor offset printing, and this indicates that paper is most often to be blamed for its product deficiency as far as print mottle problems are concerned. Furthermore, most of the print mottle problems associated with paper is observed when coated papers are printed. Uncoated papers rarely show mottling problems. This indicates that print mottle is the most serious quality problems of coated paper products. Overcoming the print mottle is becoming more difficult because the operating speeds of coating and printing machines are increasing, coating weights are decreasing, and the demands on high-quality printing are increasing. Print mottle in offset printing is caused by (a) nonuniform back trap of ink caused by a nonuniform rate of ink drying, referred as "back trap mottle, and (b) nonuniform absorption of the dampening solution. Furthermore, both forms of print mottle have some relationship to the structure of the coated layer. The surest way of eliminating ink mottling is to eliminate unevenness in the base paper. Coating solutions, often easier to put into practice, should, however, be considered. In this paper the principal factors influencing print mottle of coated papers will be discussed. Especially the importance of base paper roughness, binder migration, even consolidation of coating layers, control of the drying rate, types of binders, etc. will be described.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.341-360
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• 2015

노령화사회에서 노인을 위한 서비스는 도서관의 새로운 도전이다. 본 연구는 노인의 독서 장애요인과 노안에 대해 살펴보고, 노인의 독서를 용이하게 만드는 한글 큰글자도서의 출판과 수집 및 이용가능성을 조사하였다. 큰글자도서의 출판과 유통에 대하여는 국립중앙도서관 소장 서지리스트와 교보문고의 재고리스트를 기초로 하고, 공공도서관에서 접근가능한 큰글자도서는 한국도서관협회가 보급한 큰글자도서 리스트와 기존의 도서관 장애인서비스 현황조사 데이터를 기초로 하여, 이용가능한 큰글자도서의 유형, 종수와 권수, 출판연도, 주제, 중복성 등을 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따라 문제점을 식별하고 큰글자도서의 서지통정, 수집 확대, 도서관의 노인 독서 진흥 방안 및 후속 연구를 제언하였다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2020

In this paper, We need to change all print factors when which print scaffold with 400 ㎛ pore using FDM 3d printer. Therefore the print quantity is 10 billion times, So we are difficult to print on workplace. To solve the problem, we used the prediction model based machine learning regression. We preprocessed and learned the securing print condition data, and we produced different kinds of prediction models. We predicted the pore size of scaffolds not securing with new print condition data using prediction models. We have derived the print conditions that satisfy the pore size of 400 ㎛ among the predicted print conditions of pore size. We printed the scaffolds 5 times on the condition. We measured the pore size of the printed scaffold and compared the average pore size with the predicted pore size. We confirmed that error was less than 1%, and we were identify the model with the highest pore size prediction performance of scaffold.