• The Journal of Health Technology Assessment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2018

This review aims to provide implications for relevant domestic policies and researches from Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), a reinforcement model for primary care and its evaluations in the United States. As chronic diseases became dominant, changes in the health care delivery system in which primary care is central was required. The United States initiated primary care-reinforcing policies based on the PCMH following the increased demand for evidence-based health care policies. The current activities of the United States such as sharing research tools used to evaluate primary care interventions and circulating evaluation findings provide examples to Korea. Systematic evaluations for primary care interventions are required and appropriate methods using various types of data to reflect the real-world settings should be prepared. It is necessary to conduct policy assessment studies of public interests considering regional context. Support for the researches to make and advance from the existing environment must be examined.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.965-973
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a self-care program for elders with osteoarthritis managed by primary health care workers, Community Health Practitioners (CHPs), in rural Korea. Methods: The self-care program, consisting of 7 areas, was evaluated with a randomized experimental study for patients over age 60 with osteoarthritis in which 150 participants in the experimental group and 140 in the control group were compared. The self-care program was implemented for six weeks, 2 hours per week, at community health posts by CHPs. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire given by the CHPs and laboratory tests before and after the intervention for both groups. Propensity score matching analysis was done to test effectiveness after controlling for confounding variables. Results: The intervention group showed a significant decrease in the number of painful joints (p<.001) and a significant increase in self-care ability (p<.05) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Study results indicate that training and utilizing primary health care workers in rural areas is valuable in increasing the generalization and continuity of intervention programs. As arthritis should be managed life-long, CHP directed self-care programs are useful interventions for rural elders with arthritis to learn self-care management.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.22-29
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• 2017

This paper investigates the evaluation criteria in order to manage healing environment of long-term care elderly hospital. Elderly hospital evaluation tool developed by Korean Government is used to assess elderly hospital facilities to check the hospital facility and maintain its quality. However, the evaluation indicators and questions mainly focusing on safety indicators. Some questions are too vague for precise evaluation. In this paper, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the present evaluation criteria to establish new assessment tool for precise evaluation. The literature research was conducted tp set up the new evaluation criteria. From this research, we developed an elderly focusing on healing environment checklist for elderly care hospital which contains 7 factors as the primary hierarchy structure (Safety, Accessibility, Amenity, Sensibility, Friendly to nature, Territory, Interaction) and 23 factors as the secondary hierarchy structure. This evaluation criteria will help healthcare facility designers and healthcare organizations to build the healthcare facilities.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.260-278
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• 1997

Background : Quality of professional nursing care is the most essential factor for survival and growth of nursing profession. Then, nursing professionals have responsibility for the evaluation of quality of professional nursing care. The purpose of this study was to develope an evaluation tool of nursing care for patients received gastrointestinal surgery with general anesthesia. This study was a primary work for the developement of a computer program for the evaluation of nursing care. Methods : This study was done through some consecutive steps. They were (1) Developement of items for the tool (2) Developement of an evaluation tool of nursing care quality for the G-I surgery patient (3) Test of reliability and validity of the tool. Two groups of experts and expert pannels who had much experience of the QA and the care of G-I surgery patients participated for developement of the items. 85 nursing records were used for the test of reliability and validity of the developed tool. The evaluation tools were developed with two types of scoring, norm-referenced tool and criterion-referenced tool. Results The system of items for tool was evaluation area evaluation item-indicator. There were 7evaluation areas which contained 32evaluation items which contained 7lindicators. Evaluation areas 1, 2, 3, 4 were for the evaluation of process and 5, 6, 7 were for the evaluation of outcome of nursing care for G-I surgery patient. For the test of interrator reliability, correlation coefficients of each scores of items and intragroup correlation coefficients were calculated. The average correlation coefficients between two rators were 0.65, 0.54 and the intragroup correlation coefficient were 0.99 and 1.00 by the types of scoring. The Cronbach alpha coefficients of the tools were 0.54 and 0.46 by the types of scoring. The average content validity index of the items was 0.95 from 4 pairs of experts. Because there were significant differences between some scores of quality of nursing care of 3 general hospitals regardless of the types of scoring, the tools could be thought to have some construct validity. And also, there were significant correlations between some scores of quality of nursing care and admission days and admission days after surgery regardless of the types of scoring, the tools could be thought to have predictive validity. Conclusion In this study, the evaluation tool of nursing care was developed for the very specified group of patient, G-I surgery patient. And the items were developed and tested by the experts of nursing practice. Because of these reasons, it was supposed that the tool could be used effectively in nursing pratice. And the procedures for the development and the test of the evaluation tool of nursing care in this study were supposed to be used for the developement of other tools.

• Obstetrics & gynecology science
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.684-687
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• 2018

Objective Primary dysmenorrhea occurs in more than 50% of women of reproductive age. This survey evaluated the effects of Menstrugole on the alleviation of primary dysmenorrhea. Methods This study was performed in western Iran between August 15 and December 15, 2017, in female students with primary dysmenorrhea. The students were randomly divided into 2 groups and received placebo or a Menstrugole capsule for 3 days in each of 2 menstrual cycles. The visual analog scale was used to assess pain severity. The ${\chi}^2$-test, one-way analysis of variance, and the paired t-test were used for statistical evaluation. Results We compared the severity of pain between the 2 groups. There was a significant change in the mean pain score during the first (P<0.001) and second months (P<0.001) after the use of Menstrugole, compared with that in the placebo group. Conclusion Menstrugole decreased pain severity in female students, and can be considered by health care providers for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2008

As the age of the sex crime perpetrators and victims is going down, the importance of Sex Assault Prevention Education (SAPE) is on the rise. In order to see how many students are aware of the SAPE which are currently being conducted in the local schools. A total of 600 students from five different primary schools in Kyongsan City area were questioned with the questionnaire. On the whole, the level of acknowledgement on the sexual assault is estimated as 20.52 out of total point 53.00. The point in each question is shown as low as follows; The notion of Sexual Assault (9.88 out of 19), recognition of Sexual Assault (5.45 out 11), way to cope with the sexual assault (6.60 out of 11), and knowledge on the symptom induced by the sexual assault (4.04 out of 12). The SAPE should be taught to the student from the young age frequently. The efficiency of SAPE will be increased by the health-care teachers who have the professional knowledge with the case studies and teaching materials like CD-ROMs. The health-care teachers as the SAPE lecturers require continuous training.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.75-85
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• 2020

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment in survivors discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods : This secondary analysis study utilized data from a multicenter prospective cohort of post-ICU patients. We analyzed the data of 175 patients enrolled in the primary cohort who completed the cognitive function evaluation three months after ICU discharge. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale. The cut-off points for cognitive impairment were < 23 for face-to-face evaluation and < 18 for telephone evaluation. Results : The prevalence of cognitive impairment three months after ICU discharge was 32.6%. Significant risk factors for cognitive impairment were age ≥ 60 years (OR=10.52, 95% CI=3.65~30.33, p<.001), education < high school graduation (OR=2.53, 95% CI=1.07~6.01, p=.035), unplanned ICU admission (OR=4.01, 95% CI=1.45-11.14, p=.008), and delirium in the ICU (OR=4.33, 95% CI=1.08-17.23, p=.038). Conclusion : ICU nurses should use preemptive strategies to reduce post-ICU cognitive impairment of patients with risk factors. It is necessary to frequently assess and detect early delirium in critically ill patients, while attempting various non-pharmacological interventions.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.470-477
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to identify the evaluation categories, areas, attributes of the hospital food service and to define the relative importance of the evaluation categories, areas, attributes of the hospital food service using analytic hierarchy process. A survey was conducted from January 8th to 25th in 2007. Questionnaires were mailed to the 310 directors of dietetic departments of hospitals that included 160 primary hospitals, 107 secondary hospitals, and 43 tertiary hospitals. The result of the analytic hierarchy process indicated that relative importance of evaluation category was 0.5259 for food service management and 0.3407 for nutrition care. The food service management consisted of four subcategories, which are equipment standard, sanitation, production, and delivery service. Sanitation(relative importance: 0.2652) was the most important area among the subcategories and it was followed by equipment standard(0.2067), delivery service(0.1864) and production(0.1848). The nutrition care has two subcategories, menu management and meal management. The relative importance of menu management(0.4174) was higher than that of meal management(0.3555). The quality of food service and nutrition care to inpatients can be improved by the evaluation system based on appropriate applications of the developed evaluation indicators for hospital food service systems.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.195-206
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• 2016

Background: Concentration of patients to large hospitals is serious problem in Korea. The purpose of this paper is to propose appropriate policy direction to relieve concentration of patients to large hospitals. It is focused on evaluation of the possibility of family doctor system as a policy alternative to relieve concentration of patients to large hospital by empirically analyzing the effect of usual source of care (USC) on large hospitals medical care use. Methods: Korea Health Panel conducted 2009, 2012, 2013 by KIHASA (Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs) and NHIS (National Health Insurance Service) was used for analysis. For dependent variables, first, the ratio of the amount of using large hospital to total amount of using medical care, and second, the amount of using large hospital are estimated. Independent variables are having an USC and type of USC. Panel analysis was done with above variables. Results: Main results are as follows. First, having an USC increases using large hospital. Second, having a domestic clinic type USC decreases using large hospital and ratio of using large hospital. Third, the effect of domestic clinic type USC is greater in older group, less income group, worse health status group, not having private insurance group, and having chronic disease group. Conclusion: These results show that family doctor program can be a policy alternative to relieve concentration of patients to large hospital. Nonetheless, primary care system in Korea is unsatisfied. It is recommended to reinforce primary care system and family doctor system to relieve concentration of patients to large hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2002

This study attempts to develop a program for obesity prevention and management for students in primary, middle, and high school and was carried based on the program development process as suggested by Ewles and Simnett. Data were collected from September 1st to September 30th, 2000. The study method is as follows: 1) Reviewing the present obesity control programs practiced in primary, middle, and high school (196 schools total) in metropolitan, medium-sized, and small cities, 2) Surveying obesity students'(682 students total) perception of the obesity management in their school. 3) Reviewing the annual plan for obesity in primary, middle, and high schools 4) Analyzing the educational data (CD, VIDEO) for obesity The results are as below: I. The media researched related to obesity were mainly CD and video, aimed primarily primary school students and are biased in nature. 2. The results of how to manage obesity in students: the difficulty of obesity education in the primary school, is the arousal of a sense of shame among obese students and the lack of various educational data are the most. In the middle and high schools, a lack of various educational data, and no time or lack of time were prevailing concerns. Paramount in managing obesity is weight control, as answered by majority of primary, middle, and high school students. The major problem of obesity management is the non-cooperation of children. 3. Asked whether the weight controlling aspect of health care class was helpful or not, 51.4% of primary school students, and 71.6% of middle and high school students answered not. The most popular educational method used in health care class is the computer, with a 56.4% approval rating. Most 43.5% of respondents answered that they wanted the content of obesity management program to focus on how to lose weight. Therefore, based on the results, the obesity management program is constructed to the steps of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Assessment includes administering surveys on health needs among students and their parents and physique tests. Planning includes the set-up of long term and short term educational goal and the establishment of an operation system. Implementation includes education, exercise, behavior modification, and health service programs. Evaluation includes step-by-step evaluations for obesity reduction. After this study is conducted, the following should be further researched: More practical and systematic obesity management programs should be developed for the evaluation results. In addition, it is important to develop an appropriate media for obesity management the primary, middle and high school students.