• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.99-104
• /
• 2010

The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the emergence of a novel influenza on April 24, 2009, and they declared pandemic on June 11. In Korea, the proportion of influenza-like illness and the consumption of antiviral agents peaked in early November. The government established the Central Headquarters for Influenza Control and operated the emergency response system. In the quarantine stations, we checked the body temperature and collected quarantine questionnaires from all the arrivals from infected countries. We also isolated the confirmed cases in the national isolation hospitals. However, as the community outbreaks were reported, we changed strategy from containment to mitigation. We changed the antiviral agent prescription guideline so that doctors could prescribe antiviral agents to all patients with acute febrile respiratory illness, without a laboratory diagnosis. Also the 470 designated hospitals were activated to enhance the efficacy of treatment. We vaccinated about 12 million people and manage the adverse event following the immunization management system. In 2010, we will establish additional national isolation wards and support hospitals to establish fever clinics and isolation intensive care unit (ICU) beds. We will also make a computer program for managing the national isolation hospitals and designated hospitals. We will establish isolation rooms and expand the laboratory in quarantine stations and we will construct a bio-safety level 3 laboratory in each province. In addition, we plan to construct a bio-safety level 4 laboratory at a new Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) facilities in Ossong.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.144-151
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg extracts on murine leukemia tumor cell lines. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol iumbromide (MMT) assay. The comparison of $IC_{50}$ values of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg extracts on $L1210,\;P388D_1$ and Vero cell lines showed that the methanol extract of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg indicated the most antitumor activity in the MTT assay. In order to develop a antimicrobial agent, dried Houttuynia cordata Thunberg was extracted with several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracted substance against microorganisms were also examined. Antimicrobial activity of amocla and ketoconazole as references was compared to those of other solvent extracts such as $H_2O$, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of all extracts from the sample had growth inhibition activity against gram-negative bacteria, yam-positive bacteria and fungi $(MIC,\;>\;200\;{\mu} g/ml)$. These results suggest that the methanol soluble extract of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg may be a valuable choice for the studies on the treaeent of murine leukemia tumor cell lines and antimicrobial agents.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.340-343
• /
• 2005

Induction of NAD(P)H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase (QR) which promotes obligatory two electron reduction of quinones and prevents their participation in oxidative cycling and thereby the depletion of intracellular glutathione, has been used as a marker for chemopreventive agents. Induction of phase II enzyme is considered to be an important mechanism of cancer prevention. In our previous study, we assessed the quinone reductase QR-inducing activities of 216 kinds of medicinal herb extracts in cultured murine hepatoma cells, BPRc1 and hepalc1c7 cells. Among the 216 herbal extracts tested in that study, extracts from Chrysanthemum zawadskii showed significant induction of QR. In this study, we examined QR-inducing activity of solvent fractions of the herbal extract. The dichloromethane fraction of the herb showed the highest QR induction among the samples fractionated with four kinds of solvents with different polarity. The fraction also significantly induced the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), one of the major detoxifying enzymes, at $4{\mu}g/mL\;and\;2{\mu}g/mL$ in hepalc1c7 and BPRc1 cells, respectively. In conclusion, dichloromethane-soluble fraction of Chrysanthemum zawadskii which showed relatively strong induction of detoxifying enzymes merits further study to identify active components and evaluate their potential as cancer preventive agents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2003

Antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant and lipid-lowering drugs are clinically widely used for secondary preventive purpose in the cardiovascular patients, but there is no primary preventive agents to prevent these diseases. With the aim of developing effective primary agents for cardiovascular diseases, we tried to formulate an optimized mixture of natural plants extract containing Theae sinensis, Camelliae sinensis, Vitis vinifera, Gingko folium and curcuminoids from Curcuma longa and to evaluate its anti-thrombotic and anti-hypercholesterolemic effects in vivo. The inhibitory effect of curcuminoids on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration were also investigated in vitro. in the animal experiments treated with hyperlipidemic diet, oral treatment of curcuminoids and natural plants extracts mixture (100 mg/kg) into male Sprague Dawley rats for 7 week simultaneously inhibited platelet aggregation as well as improved lipid profile in the blood. Compared to control group, both of curcuminoids-treated and mixture-treated groups revealed significantly decrease of total cholesterol (24.4%, 28.6%), free cholesterol (25.1%, 24.0%), cholesterol ester (14.6%, 29.0%), LDL-cholesterol (27.0%, 32.0%) and triglyceride (15.0%, 31.0%), respectively. However, both groups showed increase of HDL-cholesterol (46.6% and 51.5%) . In particular, atherogenic index of curcuminoids and mixture treatment group was significantly decreased to 47.0% and 56.0%, respectively. Furthermore, oral treatment of curcuminoids and mixture significantly inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation (21.1% and 29.1%, respectively), compared to control group. The anti-thrombotic values of mixture was almost similar to that of aspirin treatment (100 mg/kg) group. These results suggest that the oral treatment of curcuminoids-based natural plant extract mixture improved cardiovascular conditions in hyperlipidemic rats.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.26 no.4 s.44
• /
• pp.551-564
• /
• 1993

Since the widespread application of hyperbaric oxygenation in clinical medicine, the problems of oxygen toxicity have been attracting a deep interest from the researchers on hyperbaric medicine as a practical issue. Among extensive research trials, the study on the protective agents oxygen toxicity occupied one of the most challenging field. As the mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, the role of the oxygen free radicals produced by peroxidation process are strongly accepted by the leading researchers on oxygen toxicity, the probable protective effects of antioxidant against oxygen toxicity are sustaining a sufficient rational. Maltol ($2-methyl-3-hydroxy-{\gamma}-pyrone$) which is known to be a component of Korean red ginseng has been reporting to have an antioxidant action. But, further study is needed to provide definite evidence for this compound to be an antioxidant, since the action was based on the results which were obtained under in vitro experiment. In this study, the author attempted to evaluate the effect of maltol as protective agent against oxygen toxicity through the observation of death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion and microscopic pathological changes in some organs of experimental rats exposed to various conditions. The findings observed are as follows : 1) The death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion, lung/weight ratio and microscopic pathological finding of lung were identified as reliable objective and quantitative indices for oxygen toxicity. 2) Maltol showed excellent protective effect against pulmonary oxygen toxicity as an antioxidant.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is analyzed of exploratory research potential as anti-obesity agents of Euiiin-tang. Four Korean databases and 2 Korean Journals (Riss4U, KISS, OASIS, DBPIA, and Journal of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Journal of Korean Medicine of Obesity Research) were searched using search word 'individual herbs' and 'obesity', 'weight loss', 'fat', 'hypertension', 'hyperlipidemia', 'diabetes'. Clinical and Experimental Research published in the journal were analyzed, review research, studies of pharmacopunctures and studies of mixed herbal medicine were excluded. We collected 23 studies. Seven studies of Coicis Semen, 10 stdies of Ephedra Herba, 2 study of Angelica gigas Nakai, 3 studies Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, 1 studies of Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal. Most studies were experiment researches which were composed of in vivo or in vitro, and clinical trial was 5 studies of Ephedra Herba. Main constituent herb, Coicis Semen, Ephedra Herba were thought to represent an anti-obesity effect. Through the result, we can assume to be likely effect of Euiiin-tang as obesity medicine.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2011

Background & Objectives : Colorectal Cancer is 10% of all cancer incidence and the motality from colorectal cancer is nearly 450,000 a year. Since chemopreventive agents from Herbal medicine is hot issue recently, to prove antitumor effecicacy of Rhus vernifciflua STOKES decoction(Chijong-tang), clinical study was carried out. Here we report two patients with colorectal cancer of stage IV. One is colorectal cancer patient with liver, lung metastases underwent operation, chemotherapy. The other patient with liver metastasis underwent chemotherapy. All of two patients acquired tolerance. Methods : One patient visited Hana oriental medicine Clinic in 2010 and was treated using Chijong-tang for 17 months at Hana Oriental Clinic. The other patient visited Hana oriental medicine Clinic in 2011 and was treated using Chijong-tang for 5 months at Hana Oriental Clinic. Results : Chijong-tang showed no side effect, no more tolerance during its treatment with chemotherapy and tumor size was retarded based on CT scanning. Overall, this case report suggests that Rhus vernifciflua STOKES can be a potent cancer preventive agents for colorectal cancer but it is still required to verify the scientific and clinical evidences for Rhus vernifciflua STOKES decoction (Chijong-tang).

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.276-283
• /
• 2015

Hydrocolloids have many applications in foods including their use in dysphagia diets. We aimed to evaluate whether hydrocolloids in foods affect the digestibility of starch and protein, and their effects on antioxidant capacity. The thickening hydrocolloids: locust bean gum and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the gel-forming agents: agar agar, konjacglucomannan, and Hot & Soft Plus were blended with corn starch and soy protein, skim milk, or grape juice and were examined for their in vitro-digestability by comparing the reducing sugar and trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptide, for antioxidant capacity by total polyphenol contents and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The hydrocolloids resulted in a decrease in starch digestibility with the gel-forming agents. Hydrocolloids diminished TCA-soluble peptides in skim milk compared to soy protein with the exception of locust bean gum and decreased free radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic contents in grape juice. Our findings may provide evidence for the use of hydrocolloids for people at risk of nutritional deficiencies such as dysphagia patients.

• The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.219-224
• /
• 2018

New oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are now widely used for the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis, and for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. As compared with warfarin, NOACs have the advantage of rapid onset of action and less drug interaction. However, they carry a higher risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding than warfarin. The risk of GI bleeding in patients using NOACs varies according to the type and dose of the drug. By contrast, apixaban and edoxaban are reported to carry similar risks as warfarin, and the risks with dabigatran and rivaroxaban are higher than that with warfarin. In patients using NOACs, old age, impaired renal function, impaired liver function, concurrent use of antiplatelet agents, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are considered major risk factors of GI bleeding, and gastroprotective agents such as histamine-2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor have preventive effects. To prevent GI bleeding associated with NOACs, the characteristics of each NOAC and the risk factors of bleeding should be recognized.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.358-364
• /
• 2017

For the purpose of convenience and reducing time, newer bonding agents have been developed for composite resin restoration. Recently developed one bottle bonding system including etching, primer and adhesive can make procedures simpler and less technique-sensitive than old generation adhesives. The aim of this study was comparing the shear bond strength of new dentin bonding agents to the 5th generation bonding agent which had an etching step. 78 premolar teeth were randomly divided into three groups which were treated with $Tetric^{(R)}$ N-Bond Universal (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), $GC^{(R)}$ G-Premio BOND (GC Co., Japan) without additional etching step and $3M^{TM}$ Single Bond2 (3M ESPE, USA) with an etching step following manufacturer's instructions. $Filtek^{TM}$ Z-350 (3M ESPE, USA) composite resin was applied and light cured over bonding agents. For shear bond strength evaluation, universal testing machine was used with a wedge technique. As a result, shear bond strength of one step bonding agents was lower than two step bonding agent and there were statistically significant differences between them (p < 0.05). In addition, within the result of two new bonding agents, $Tetric^{(R)}$ N-Bond Universal showed significantly higher shear bond strength than $GC^{(R)}$ G-Premio BOND (p < 0.05).