• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2019

Korean society is experiencing a very rapid change in population aging. Oral diseases, including dental caries and periodontal disease, are usually cumulative and make oral health worse with age. Preventing tooth loss through the prevention and treatment of caries and periodontal diseases are essential for retaining oral function later in life. This study aimed to identify the trend in oral health status among elderlies over 65 years old, using major oral health indicators of Health Plan 2020. The fifth, sixth, and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI, VII) were used in the present study to estimate the number of remaining natural teeth, the rate of 20 or more natural teeth, the rate of chewing difficulty, and the rate of oral health check-up of elderly. The number of remaining natural teeth increased from 15.6 in 2010 to 17.1 in 2015, and the rate of 20 or more natural teeth also increased from 45.8% in 2010 to 53.7% in 2015. The rate of chewing difficulty was similar but declined a little from 44.3% in 2010 to 42.9% in 2017. Finally, the rate of oral health check-ups of the elderly increased significantly from 12.2% in 2010 to 21.1% in 2017.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.387-392
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• 2020

This study was to investigate the relationship of BMI, sleep time and experience of oral diseases in adolescents. We want to help develop basic data for improving oral health of adolescents. According to the sample design of the Youth Health Behavior online survey, a total of 57,303 adolescents were analyzed for frequency of composite samples, x2-test of composite samples, and logistic regression of composite samples, and the IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 program was used and the significance level was 0.05. Results, BMI was associated with bad breath, and sleep time was associated with tooth break, pain, bleeding, and bad breath. Therefore, BMI and sleep time should be considered for the management and prevention of oral diseases in adolescents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.281-285
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• 2013

Purpose: To probe the role of FasL in cell apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Methods: The expression of Fas/FasL was assessed in 10 cases of normal oral epithelium, 38 cases of OSCC and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and 11 cases of metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis of tumor cells and TIL was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL). FasL-induction of T cell apoptosis was tested by co-culture assay in vitro with SCC-9 and Jurkat T cells. Results: The 10 cases of normal oral epithelium all demonstrated extensive expression of Fas, the positive rate being largely down-regulated in OSCC (21/38) (P<0.05) compared to the normal (10/10). At the same time, the positive rate of FasL significantly increased in OSCC (P<0.05) especially those with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive rates of Fas in well and middle differentiated OSCC were higher than those in poor differentiated OSCC (P<0.05). The AI of tumor cells in Fas-positive OSCC was remarkably higher than that in Fas-negative OSCC (P<0.01), with a positive correlation between Fas expression and cell differentiation as well as apoptosis (r=0.68, P<0.01). The AI of tumor cells in FasL positive OSCC was remarkably lower than that in control while the AI of TIL was higher than in FasL negative OSCC (P<0.05). The AI of tumor cells reversely correlated with that of TIL (r = -0. 72, P<0.05). It was found that SCC-9 cells expressing functional FasL could induce apoptosis of Jurkat cells as demonstrated by co-culture assays. As a conclusion, it is evident that OSCC cells expressing FasL can induce apoptosis in Fas-expressing T cells. Conclusions: In progression of OSCC, expression of the Fas/FasL changes significantly. The results suggest that FasL is a mediator of immune privilege in OSCC and may serve as an marker for predicting malignant change in oral tissues.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2023

The rapid detection of bacteria in the oral cavity, its species identification, and bacterial count determination are important to diagnose oral diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The existing clinical microbial diagnosis methods are time-consuming as they involve observing patients' samples under a microscope or culturing and confirming bacteria using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits, making the process complex. Therefore, it is required to analyze the development status of substances and systems that can rapidly detect and analyze pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. With research advancements, a close relationship between oral and systemic diseases has been identified, making it crucial to identify the changes in the oral cavity bacterial composition. Additionally, an early and accurate diagnosis is essential for better prognosis in periodontal disease. However, most periodontal disease-causing pathogens are anaerobic bacteria, which are difficult to identify using conventional bacterial culture methods. Further, the existing PCR method takes a long time to detect and involves complicated stages. Therefore, to address these challenges, the concept of point-of-care (PoC) has emerged, leading to the study and implementation of various chair-side test methods. This study aims to investigate the different PoC diagnostic methods introduced thus far for identifying pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. These are classified into three categories: 1) microbiological tests, 2) microchemical tests, and 3) genetic tests. The microbiological tests are used to determine the presence or absence of representative causative bacteria of periodontal diseases, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and T. denticola. However, the quantitative analysis remains impossible, and detecting pathogens other than the specific ones is challenging. The microchemical tests determine the activity of inflammation or disease by measuring the levels of biomarkers present in the oral cavity. Although this diagnostic method is based on increase in the specific biomarkers proportional to inflammation or disease progression in the oral cavity, its commercialization is limited due to low sensitivity and specificity. The genetic tests are based on the concept that differences in disease vulnerability and treatment response are caused by the patient's DNA predisposition. Specifically, the IL-1 gene is used in such tests. PoC diagnostic methods developed to date serve as supplementary diagnostic methods and tools for patient education, in addition to existing diagnostic methods, although they have limitations in diagnosing oral diseases alone. Research on various PoC test methods that can analyze and manage the oral cavity bacterial composition is expected to become more active, aligning with the shift from treatment-oriented to prevention-oriented approaches in healthcare.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1990

Nursing teachers at elementary schools in Seoul were surveyed to determine their sources of information about oral health and their knowledge and attitudes about dental diseases and disease prevention. Questionaires were completed by 305 school nursing teachers. The questionaire included 8 items: demographic characteristics of the study population, sources of oral health information, reasons for maintaining good oral hygiene, ranking of methods of caries prevention in children, knowledge about fluorides, percieved effectiveness of fluorides for children, knowledge about periodontal disease, and the role of school nursing teachers in promoting oral health. Major findings are as follows: 1. The most frequently cited sources of information about dental health were continuing education courses(69.8％). 2. Most respondents had old concepts about the reasons for maintaining good oral hygiene. 3. Elementary school nursing teachers' knowledge about fluorides and preventive methods of caries and periodontal disease was found to be incomplete and sometimes inaccurate. 4. Respondents were likely to agree to accept roles that promote oral health except the supervising of fluoride mouthrinsing. Thus, it was considered that cooperation of all school members is necessary for improving oral health status by following fluoride mouthrinsing

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1173-1182
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the factors related to the dental caries and periodontal diseases of Korean elderly people in terms of demographic characteristics, oral health promotion behavior and systemic diseases in an effort to provide information on national policy setting and policy evaluation about the prevention of tooth loss resulting from severe oral diseases and the promotion of elderly people's oral health. Methods : The first-, second- and third-year raw data of the 4th National Health and Nutrition Survey were utilized, and the data of 3,882 elderly people who got a dental checkup were analyzed. The statistical package SPSS WIN 19.0 was employed to make a logistic regression analysis. Results : The senior citizens who did toothbrushing less frequently were more likely to have dental caries. As for periodontal diseases, the men were 1.34-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the women, and the respondents whose self-rated health state was worse were 1.40-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the others whose self-rated health state was better. The senior citizens who ever received treatment from unqualified people were 1.30-fold more likely to have peridontal diseases, and those who took neither vitamin compound nor minerals were 1.30-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases. Those who suffered from low High-density Lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) were 1.35-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the others who didn't. Conclusions : Those whose self-rated health status is worse should especially be concerned about periodontal diseases. Specifically, it's needed to pay attention to the low-income classes, and the government should take measures to provide quality welfare services for elderly people not to receive treatment from unqualified people. Besides, research efforts should be made to determine the relationship between periodontal diseases and low HDL-cholesterolemia.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.507-512
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• 2010

Today, one in four Koreans dies of cancer. Cancer is fast becoming one of the most serious diseases faced by not only Koreans, but for human kind, and this trend is forecasted to continue in the future. Korean association of oral and maxillofacial surgeons(KAOMS) have founded oral cancer research center since 1995. Now, KAOMS oral cancer research center is playing essential role as headquaters for conquering oral cancer. KAOMS oral cancer research center currently functions in the following areas: 1. performing basic and clinical research on oral cancer 2. promoting oral cancer prevention act 3. offering education and training about cancer treatment for oral and maxillofacial surgeons

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.455-467
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• 2006

Demand for appropriate health care has gradually increased in Korea. In addition, developments of community- and school-based oral health programs have also focused oral health care for the oral health promotion. Especially, school-based oral health programs are the underpinnings of promoting oral health and preventing oral diseases among schoolchildren. School-based oral health programs have had three major components: oral health education, oral health services, and a healthful environments. These included oral health education(one-to-one communication, group communication, and use of mass communication), oral examination, fluoride mouthrinsing, pit-and-fissure sealants, fluoride gel application, mechanical plaque control, and chewing xylitol candy. In this study, we evaluate the effects of oral health programs among primary schoolchildren by comparing the oral health knowledge, oral health behaviors, and perception of caries prevention procedures. Data for this study were obtained from 699 primary schoolchildren at the two primary school in Daegu, Korea. One is experimental group, N primary school, that was established school-based oral health center under supervision of Nam-gu Public Health Center, the other is control group, N' primary school, that was yet to establish school-based oral health center. We surveyed children's oral health knowledge and behaviors, and perception of caries prevention procedures using self-administrated questionnaire and then analyzed differences of each item among two groups. The brief findings of this study were summarized as follows. There are several advantage to a comprehensive school-based oral health program. (1) School-based oral health programs facilitate and increase the effectiveness of teaching oral health subjects. (2) Schoolchildren are available for prevention or treatment procedure. (3) School-based oral health center may be less threating than private dental clinic. (4) With comprehensive school-based oral health programs the decayed, missing, and filled teeth(DMFT) of schoolchildren should demonstrate a substantial and steady decrease over time(Choi et al, 2004). In conclusion, treatment is not the answer to solving children's oral health programs; rather primary prevention is the key. Many countries and communities are focusing on hoe millions of underprivileged children can be provided with health care. Schoolchildren gain the knowledge and behaviors to attain and maintain good oral health in schools. For these reasons, the role of school-based oral health center is not only important but also a necessity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.653-657
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• 2022

Oral disease causes a significant health and economic burden worldwide, significantly reducing people's quality of life. Dental caries, a representative oral disease, is caused by S. mutans. Oral pathogenic microorganisms contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which can cause an immune response and cause various oral diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of bamboo leaf extract (BLE) to control oral diseases. THP-1, oral fibroblasts, and S mutans culture medium were treated with bamboo leaf extract at different concentrations of 0-8% to conduct the experiment.. As a result, the antioxidant effect according to the BLE concentration was confirmed in mononuclear cell lines and oral fibroblasts. In addition, the antibacterial effect of S. mutans according to the BLE concentration was demonstrated. Therefore, BLE can be used for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to find out dental caries and periodontal disease based on oral healthcare of adults in Busan. This study will provide the preventive oral healthcare for the periodontal diseases and dental caries. Methods: The study subjects were 369 people from the regular dental health checkup in the general hospital in Busan. After receiving informed consent, a self-reported questionnaire was completed from October 1, 2014 to January 31, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of dental caries and periodontal diseases by direct examination and toothbrushing method. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's correlation. Results: In the morbidity of dental caries and periodontal diseases, the dental caries was most common in those having restored teeth(236 subjects, 64%), while periodontal diseases were found in mild cases of gingival inflammation in 285 subjects(77.2%), and mild cases of dental calculus in 274 subjects(73.4%). Most of the respondents replied that they did not have systemic disease or oral health related symptoms. According to toothbrushing pattern, dental caries experiences were most common in those having less frequent toothbrushing less than 3 minutes and no tongue brushing. The outbreak of dental caries was more common in 5 times than 3 to 4 times a day. Conclusions: The education of the right toothbrushing method and use of dental floss is the most important prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease in the adults.