• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.2.1-2.18
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• 2022

Background: Co-infections of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) are severe in Chinese pigs, but the immune response genes against co-infected with 2 pathogens in the lungs have not been reported. Objectives: To understand the effect of PRRSV and/or HPS infection on the genes expression associated with lung immune function. Methods: The expression of the immune-related genes was analyzed using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected and identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting assays. Results: All experimental pigs showed clinical symptoms and lung lesions. RNA-seq analysis showed that 922 DEGs in co-challenged pigs were more than in the HPS group (709 DEGs) and the PRRSV group (676 DEGs). Eleven DEGs validated by qRT-PCR were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Eleven common Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways related to infection and immune were found in single-infected and co-challenged pigs, including autophagy, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and antigen processing and presentation, involving different DEGs. A model of immune response to infection with PRRSV and HPS was predicted among the DEGs in the co-challenged pigs. Dual oxidase 1 (DUOX1) and interleukin-21 (IL21) were detected by IHC and western blot and showed significant differences between the co-challenged pigs and the controls. Conclusions: These findings elucidated the transcriptome changes in the lungs after PRRSV and/or HPS infections, providing ideas for further study to inhibit ROS production and promote pulmonary fibrosis caused by co-challenging with PRRSV and HPS.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2021

Background: The present study aimed to gather basic data for the development of an educational tuberculosis prevention program for prospective dental hygienists by understanding the level of knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors related to tuberculosis for students in the Department of Dental Hygiene, who need preventive access to tuberculosis infection. Methods: The present study used a self-reported questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors regarding tuberculosis, which was administered to dental hygiene students attending D University located in D city. Results: The average knowledge regarding tuberculosis was 16.17 ± 6.14, out of 30 points. Attitude regarding tuberculosis averaged 48.59 points (± 4.46), out of 60 points, and the degree of preventive behavior was 46.29 points (± 5.0), out of 60 points. Third year students ranked highest for knowledge regarding, attitude toward, and infection prevention behaviors of tuberculosis, compared to those in their first or second year (F = 7.20, p = 0.000). Those who had experienced tuberculosis themselves or with their relatives had higher attitudes toward tuberculosis than those who did not (F = 2.32, p = 0.02). Additionally, the higher the knowledge (β = 0.209, p = 0.004) and attitude (β = 0.425, p = 0.000) about tuberculosis, the higher the level of tuberculosis infection prevention behavior. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it appears to be necessary to provide practical education to ensure that all students in dental hygiene are equipped with knowledge about tuberculosis, and that as a dental hygienist in carrying out dental hygiene management with a changed attitude, the act of preventing tuberculosis infection can be appropriately performed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3603-3606
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• 2013

Background: To investigate the infection status and predominant genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among Chinese patients with mucopurulent cervicitis (MPC) or cervical cancer (CC) in Hangzhou. Methods: Initially, 217 cases of healthy cervix controls (n=50), acute MPC (n=89), and CC (n=78) were included; samples were collected between January 1, 2010, and January 30, 2013. Cervical specimens were screened for HPV using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay and DNA sequencing. Results: Overall prevalence of HPV infection was 16.7% in the control group, 51.9% in the MPC group, and 84.4% in the CC group. The predominant genotype detected in all 3 groups was the oncogenic variant HPV 16 (55.8%, 17.3%, and 6.3% in the CC, MPC and control specimens, respectively), HPV58 was the second most predominant HPV type in CC (9.1%), MPC (8.6%), and control group (4.2%). Most or all of the genotypes were oncogenic in the three groups. Conclusions: Infection with HPV was found to be prevalent among Chinese women with MPC or CC and oncogenic variants were in the majority. Therefore, peoples who suffered MPC with HPV DNA positive should be regularly followed-up, for prevention and early treatment of cervical cancer.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2018

Jejudo has unique geographical and climatologic characteristics compared with other areas in Korea. The aim was to evaluate differences of the nationwide notifiable infectious diseases (NND) occurred in Jejudo, 2011~2018. The source of data was on the Infectious Disease Statistics System operated by Centers for Diseases Control & Prevention in Korea between 1 January 2001 and 30 September 2018. After calculating the proportion of sum of years showing a higher incidence in Jejudo than nationwide divided by sum of comparing years(PSYH), authors defined the infectious diseases for control in Jejudo (IDCJ) with PSYH over 75%. In addition, the infectious diseases showing increasing trends during recent 2 years(2015~2018) were defined as sudden increase Infectious diseases for control (SIDCJ). IDCJ in 2001~2018 included 3 NNDs such as chicken pox, syphilis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The results support main evidences to plan strategies and distribute community resources for control and prevention of NNDs in Jejudo, Korea.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10289-10292
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• 2015

Background: The involvement of HPV in oral and oropharyngeal carcinogenesis was first proposed in 2004, based on epithelial HPV tropism and detection of HPV genotypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma samples. While 60-70% of oropharynx tumors may be HPV-positive, only 10 to 19% of tumors of the oral cavity, larynx and hypopharynx appear to have HPV infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate HPV infection associated with oropharyngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight cases were selected for p16 immunoexpression reactions, and demographic data were collected for comparisons. Results: Most patients were over 60 years old, and 64.1% were smokers. Immunohistochemistry results showed that 86.3% of cases stained positive for p16 protein. Conclusion: The oropharyngeal cancer profile at Erasto Gaertner Hospital presented a high index of smokers over 60 years as well a high number of p16+ tumors, for what we can not determinate the main etiologic factor, but can be aware of the number of patients that presented HPV infection. Since prevention is still the best way to deal with cancer disease, it is important to analyze the interaction of these two etiologic factors and how to detect lesions at an early stage.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.7039-7043
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• 2013

A liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrrini (OV), is the major cause of the high incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in North-eastern Thailand. The prevalence of OV infection remains high in various parts of the country, especially in wetland rural areas where a large proportion of the community work in agriculture and continue the traditional practice of eating raw or uncooked cyprinoid fish products. The national control program seems to have had little impact in many of these areas, and it has been difficult to make precise assessments of the overall effectiveness of the program. Therefore there is a need for a community-based approach to prevent infection with the parasite, ideally involving as many players as possible. Here we document an attempt to assess the best means to prevention on the basis of a community intervention in three villages in north-east Thailand, with participation of representatives of Health Promotion Hospitals of the Ministry of Public Health with dedicated staff, but also school teachers, independent government sponsored village health volunteers, and housewives responsible for cooking and diet selection. An action plan was followed, allowing detailed discussions of practical proposals, their introduction and then repeated reflection and further proposals at the individual village level.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.615-626
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• 2020

The outbreak of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has spread worldwide and resulted in a pandemic for health systems. The disease is transmitted via respiration as droplets or aerosol. Due to the nature of dental treatment, aerosols, including body fluid, blood, and saliva, are frequently produced in dental hospitals. The present study investigated the potential risk of nosocomial infection of COVID-19 in dental hospitals to provide recommendations in clinical situations. The Seoul National University Dental Hospital in Korea established a countermeasure to cope with the clinical situation based on The Guidelines of Korean Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (KCDC) for dental practitioners and the available literature. Notably, numerous considerations for patient reservation and schedule management are required for space separation in the hospital, including infection control. Experiences in dental hospitals in Korea would be referable for other dental hospitals facing this infectious respiratory disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7355-7358
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• 2013

Several lines of evidence support the notion that MUC1 is often aberrantly expressed in gastric cancer, and it is a ligand for Helicobacter pylori. Genetic variation in MUC1 gene may confer susceptibility to H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. We assessed the association of common polymorphisms in MUC1 gene with H. pylori infection and non-cardia gastric cancer using an LD-based tag SNP approach in north-western Chinese Han population. A total of four SNPs were successfully genotyped among 288 patients with non-cardia gastric cancer and 281 age- and sex-matched controls. None of the tested SNPs was associated with H. pylori infection. SNP rs9426886 was associated with a decreased risk of non-cardia gastric cancer, but lost significance after adjustment for multiple testing. Overall, our data indicated that common genetic variations in MUC1 gene might not make a major contribution to the risk of H. pylori infection and non-cardia gastric cancer in our studied population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1167-1170
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• 2012

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection leads to many upper gastrointestinal diseases. Migrant workers are the main part of floating population in China. However, up to now, their health status has not been a focus of attention. Methods: In order to assess the status of H. pylori infection among migrant workers in Shijiazhuang, over five years we interviewed 324 individuals between 2007 and 2011. Each underwent a rapid urease test to identify H. pylori infection and socio-demographic indicators were collected using a survey questionnaire. Results: Our results showed that family income (P = 0.003), dietetic hygiene (P = 0.005), education (P = 0.004) and marital status (P = 0.007) were associated with H. pylori infection. Conclusion: We found that migrant workers had little basic knowledge of H. pylori and their prevalence of infection remains high. Therefore, we need to promote education and awareness of H. pylori and to ensure access to diagnosis and treatment for infected workers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1631-1635
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• 2016

Helicobacter pylori infection plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancy. A diagnosis of infection is thus an important part of a treatment strategy of many gastrointestinal tract diseases. Many diagnostic tests are available but all have some limitations in different clinical situations and laboratory settings. A single gold standard cannot available, but be used for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in daily clinical practice in all areas, so several techniques have been developed to give reliable results, especially focusing on real time endoscopic features. The narrow band imaging system (NBI) and high resolution endoscopy are imaging techniques for enhanced visualization of infected mucosa and premalignant gastric lesions. The aim of this article is to review the current diagnostic options and possible future developments detection of Helicobacter pylori infection.