• 제목/요약/키워드: Prevention Regulatory Focus

검색결과 106건 처리시간 0.024초

디지털 사이니지 광고유형별 효과에 조절초점과 자아해석이 미치는 영향 (A Study on the Effect of Regulatory Focus and Self-construal on Digital Signage Advertisement)

  • 주태욱;김현석
    • 산업융합연구
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구에서는 최근 활용이 증대되고 있는 디지털 사이니지를 이용한 광고효과에 대해 알아보았다. 구체적으로 조절 초점과 자아해석이라는 조절변수를 통해 노출형 디지털 사이니지 광고와 상호작용형 디지털 사이니지 광고의 차별적 효과를 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 향상초점을 가진 개인의 경우, 상호작용형 디지털 사이니지 광고가 노출형 디지털 사이니지 광고에 비해 더욱 긍정적인 효과를 가져왔다. 하지만 예방초점을 가진 경우에는 디지털 사이니지 광고유형 간 효과 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 독립적 자아해석을 하는 개인은 노출형 디지털 사이니지 광고에 비해 상호작용형 디지털 사이니지 광고를 더욱 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 상호의존적 자아해석을 하는 개인에게는 디지털 사이니지 광고에 따른 효과 차이가 없다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 디지털 사이니지를 활용하여 개인특성에 따른 맞춤형 전략을 수립하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Regulatory Network of MicroRNAs, Host Genes, Target Genes and Transcription Factors in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Wang, Tian-Yan;Xu, Zhi-Wen;Wang, Kun-Hao;Wang, Ning
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권9호
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    • pp.3677-3683
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    • 2015
  • Abnormally expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes have been found to play key roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. The aim of this paper was to assess inter-relationships and the regulatory mechanisms of ESCC through a network-based approach. We built three regulatory networks: an abnormally expressed network, a related network and a global network. Unlike previous examples, containing information only on genes or miRNAs, the prime focus was on relationships. It is worth noting that abnormally expressed network emerged as a fault map of ESCC. Theoretically, ESCC might be treated and prevented by correcting the included errors. In addition, the predicted transcription factors (TFs) obtained by the P-match method also warrant further study. Our results may further guide gene therapy researchers in the study of ESCC.

What makes Consumers to Prolong their Consumption on Perishable Food beyond Its Expiration Date?

  • Suh, Hyunsuk;Ju, Hyoungjun
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.133-173
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    • 2013
  • Consumers empty perfectly safe to intake perishable foods everyday if they are older than what prints on expiration date. The variation in expiration dating is freshness labeling represented in various terms such as sell by, package, best before, and so on. Regardless of the terms used and meanings are attached, consumers tend to conceive of freshness labeling on food as end of its shelf-life. Consequently, the food waste becomes a big issue for businesses in food sector. In an effort to demonstrate flexibility on this, KFDA(Korea Food & Drug Administration) introduced "best before" date in domestic market place to reduce food waste, based on the food safety test conducted by KCA(Korea Consumer Agency 2009). The results indicated freshness labeling on food should not be considered as the end of its life. Current study examined the underlying mechanisms(i.e. risk perception, self-construals, and indecisiveness) that influence consumers' intention on prolonged consumption of food beyond its stamped date when the KCA test results are shown to them. In addition, the moderating effect of regulatory focus is tested in the causal relationships between underlying mechanisms and different groups of prolonged consumption intention. Study participants are divided into three groups of prolonged consumption intention: no-change, moderate-change, and wide-change. The group with moderate-change in intention being as our point of reference, logistic regression analyses are conducted on 276 sample population. The results indicated that consumers with high source credibility risk are likely to show wide-change in intention on prolonged consumption while physical risk did not show significance. The consumers with independent self-construal are likely to show no-change in intention on prolonged consumption while interdependent self-construal did not show significance. Indecisiveness showed association a group with wide-change in intention on prolonged consumption. The moderating effect of regulatory focus showed valid results in most situations; the promotion-focused consumers showed wide-change in intention, while prevention-focused consumers showed no-change in intention. Furthermore, the moderating effect of promotion-focus showed a dominant position over the causal effect of indecisiveness in which decisive consumers(i.e. no-change in intention); if they are promotion-focused they tend show for the wide-change in intention instead. It is important to note that for those promotion-focused consumers(or situations), promotion-related arguments are more effective, while for those prevention-focused consumers(or situations) prevention- related arguments are more effective means of persuasion.

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온라인 구전정보가 소비자 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증연구: 제품관여도, 조절초점, 자기효능감의 조절효과를 중심으로 (A Study of the Influence of Online Word-of-Mouth on the Customer Purchase Intention)

  • 유창조;안광호;박성휘
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.209-231
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 상표사용후기의 방향성이 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 이러한 과정에서 제품관여도, 조절초점 및 자기효능감의 조절효과를 실험설계를 통해 검증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 실증분석결과 상품사용후기의 방향성이 상표에 대한 구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었는데, 긍정적인 상품사용후기에 노출된 집단의 구매의도가 부정적인 상품사용후기에 노출된 집단의 구매의도보다 높게 나타났다. 긍정적 상품사용후기가 구매의도에 미치는 효과는 소비자의 제품에 대한 관여도가 낮은 경우보다 높은 경우 더 크게 나타나 제품관여도의 조절효과에 관한 선행연구결과를 다시 확인해 주고 있다. 그리고 상표사용후기가 구매의사에 미치는 영향은 소비자의 조절초점에 따라 다르게 나타나 소비자의 조절초점성향이 갖는 조절효과가 확인되었다. 즉, 향상초점의 소비자는 긍정적인 상표사용후기에 더 큰 영향을 받았고, 예방초첨의 소비자는 부정적인 상표사용후기에 더 큰 영향을 받았다. 마지막으로 상품사용후기가 구매의도에 미치는 효과는 소비자의 자기효능감 수준에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 즉, 자기효능감이 높은 소비자보다 자기효능감이 낮은 소비자가 상표사용후기에 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 소비자의 제품관여도, 조절초점 및 자기효능감의 수준에 따라 온라인상에서 제시되는 상표사용후기를 처리하는 방식이 다름을 확인해 주고 있는데, 이러한 연구결과는 마케터들에게 유용한 관리적 시사점을 제공한다.

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모바일 헬스 앱 사용의도 동기요인: 조절초점성향과 프라이버시계산이론을 중심으로 (Motivational Factors Affecting Intention to Use Mobile Health Apps: Focusing on Regulatory Focus Tendency and Privacy Calculus Theory)

  • 소현정;곽기영
    • 지식경영연구
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.33-53
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    • 2021
  • 모바일 앱 사용이 확대되면서 사용자 프라이버시 침해에 대한 염려는 증가되고 있지만 사용자들은 앱을 사용하기 위해 개인정보를 기꺼이 공개하고 있다. 본 연구는 조절초점성향과 프라이버시계산이론을 바탕으로 사용자의 앱 사용의도에 영향을 미치는 동기요인을 제시한다. 제시한 연구모델을 검증하기 위해 헬스 앱을 사용하는 전국의 성인 151명을 대상으로 설문 데이터를 수집하였으며, PLS-SEM 기법을 이용하여 분석을 진행하였다. 연구결과에 따르면 조절초점 두 성향 중 향상초점성향은 정보프라이버시염려와 프라이버시위험에 부의 영향을 미쳤으며, 예방초점성향은 정보프라이버시 염려에 정의 영향을 주었다. 정보프라이버시염려는 모바일 앱 사용의도에 부의 영향을 미쳤으며 프라이버시이익과 프라이버시지식은 모바일 앱 사용의도에 정의 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로 모바일 앱 사용의도는 모바일 앱 지속사용의도에 정의 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 앱 사용자의 조절초점성향이 정보프라이버시염려에 미치는 영향관계의 차이를 규명하였으며 이에 따른 모바일 앱 사용의도의 영향을 확인하였다.

쇼핑 가치 추구 성향에 따른 쇼핑 목표와 공유 의도 차이에 관한 연구 - 전자제품 구매고객을 중심으로 (Shopping Value, Shopping Goal and WOM - Focused on Electronic-goods Buyers)

  • 박경원;박주영
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.68-79
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    • 2009
  • The interplay between hedonic and utilitarian attributes has assumed special significance in recent years; it has been proposed that consumption offerings should be viewed as experiences that stimulate both cognitions and feelings rather than as mere products or services. This research builds on previous work on hedonic versus utilitarian benefits, regulatory focus theory, customer satisfaction to address two question: (1) Is the shopping goal at the point of purchase different from the shopping value? and (2) Is the customer loyalty after the use different from the shopping value and shopping goal? We surveyed 345 peoples those who have bought the electronic-goods within 6 months. This research dealt with the shopping value which is consisted of 2 types, hedonic and utilitarian. Those who pursue the hedonic shopping value may prefer the pleasure of purchasing experience to the product itself. They tend to prefer atmosphere, arousal of the shopping experience. Consistent with previous research, we use the term "hedonic" to refer to their aesthetic, experiential and enjoyment-related value. On the contrary, Those who pursue the utilitarian shopping value may prefer the reasonable buying. It may be more functional. Consistent with previous research, we use the term "utilitarian" to refer to the functional, instrumental, and practical value of consumption offerings. Holbrook(1999) notes that consumer value is an experience that results from the consumption of such benefits. In the context of cell phones for example, the phone's battery life and sound volume are utilitarian benefits, whereas aesthetic appeal from its shape and color are hedonic benefits. Likewise, in the case of a car, fuel economics and safety are utilitarian benefits whereas the sunroof and the luxurious interior are hedonic benefits. The shopping goals are consisted of the promotion focus goal and the prevention focus goal, based on the self-regulatory focus theory. The promotion focus is characterized into focusing ideal self because they are oriented to wishes and vision. The promotion focused individuals are tend to be more risk taking. They are more sensitive to hope and achievement. On the contrary, the prevention focused individuals are characterized into focusing the responsibilities because they are oriented to safety. The prevention focused individuals are tend to be more risk avoiding. We wanted to test the relation among the shopping value, shopping goal and customer loyalty. Customers show the positive or negative feelings comparing with the expectation level which customers have at the point of the purchase. If the result were bigger than the expectation, customers may feel positive feeling such as delight or satisfaction and they would want to share their feelings with other people. And they want to buy those products again in the future time. There is converging evidence that the types of goals consumers expect to be fulfilled by the utilitarian dimension of a product are different from those they seek from the hedonic dimension (Chernev 2004). Specifically, whereas consumers expect the fulfillment of product prevention goals on the utilitarian dimension, they expect the fulfillment of promotion goals on the hedonic dimension (Chernev 2004; Chitturi, Raghunathan, and Majahan 2007; Higgins 1997, 2001) According to the regulatory focus theory, prevention goals are those that ought to be met. Fulfillment of prevention goals in the context of product consumption eliminates or significantly reduces the probability of a painful experience, thus making consumers experience emotions that result from fulfillment of prevention goals such as confidence and securities. On the contrary, fulfillment of promotion goals are those that a person aspires to meet, such as "looking cool" or "being sophisticated." Fulfillment of promotion goals in the context of product consumption significantly increases the probability of a pleasurable experience, thus enabling consumers to experience emotions that result from the fulfillment of promotion goals. The proposed conceptual framework captures that the relationships among hedonic versus utilitarian shopping values and promotion versus prevention shopping goals respectively. An analysis of the consequence of the fulfillment and frustration of utilitarian and hedonic value is theoretically worthwhile. It is also substantively relevant because it helps predict post-consumption behavior such as the promotion versus prevention shopping goals orientation. Because our primary goal is to understand how the post consumption feelings influence the variable customer loyalty: word of mouth (Jacoby and Chestnut 1978). This research result is that the utilitarian shopping value gives the positive influence to both of the promotion and prevention goal. However the influence to the prevention goal is stronger. On the contrary, hedonic shopping value gives influence to the promotion focus goal only. Additionally, both of the promotion and prevention goal show the positive relation with customer loyalty. However, the positive relation with promotion goal and customer loyalty is much stronger. The promotion focus goal gives the influence to the customer loyalty. On the contrary, the prevention focus goal relates at the low level of relation with customer loyalty than that of the promotion goal. It could be explained that it is apt to get framed the compliment of people into 'gain-non gain' situation. As the result, for those who have the promotion focus are motivated to deliver their own feeling to other people eagerly. Conversely the prevention focused individual are more sensitive to the 'loss-non loss' situation. The research result is consistent with pre-existent researches. There is a conceptual parallel between necessities-needs-utilitarian benefits and luxuries-wants-hedonic benefits (Chernev 2004; Chitturi, Raghunathan and Majaha 2007; Higginns 1997; Kivetz and Simonson 2002b). In addition, Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the precedence principle contends luxuries-wants-hedonic benefits higher than necessities-needs-utilitarian benefits. Chitturi, Raghunathan and Majaha (2007) show that consumers are focused more on the utilitarian benefits than on the hedonic benefits of a product until their minimum expectation of fulfilling prevention goals are met. Furthermore, a utilitarian benefit is a promise of a certain level of functionality by the manufacturer or the retailer. When the promise is not fulfilled, customers blame the retailer and/or the manufacturer. When negative feelings are attributable to an entity, customers feel angry. However in the case of hedonic benefit, the customer, not the manufacturer, determines at the time of purchase whether the product is stylish and attractive. Under such circumstances, customers are more likely to blame themselves than the manufacturer if their friends do not find the product stylish and attractive. Therefore, not meeting minimum utilitarian expectations of functionality generates a much more intense negative feelings, such as anger than a less intense feeling such as disappointment or dissatisfactions. The additional multi group analysis of this research shows the same result. Those who are unsatisfactory customers who have the prevention focused goal shows higher relation with WOM, comparing with satisfactory customers. The research findings in this article could have significant implication for the personal selling fields to increase the effectiveness and the efficiency of the sales such that they can develop the sales presentation strategy for the customers. For those who are the hedonic customers may be apt to show more interest to the promotion goal. Therefore it may work to strengthen the design, style or new technology of the products to the hedonic customers. On the contrary for the utilitarian customers, it may work to strengthen the price competitiveness. On the basis of the result from our studies, we demonstrated a correspondence among hedonic versus utilitarian and promotion versus prevention goal, WOM. Similarly, we also found evidence of the moderator effects of satisfaction after use, between the prevention goal and WOM. Even though the prevention goal has the low level of relation to WOM, those who are not satisfied show higher relation to WOM. The relation between the prevention goal and WOM is significantly different according to the satisfaction versus unsatisfaction. In addition, improving the promotion emotions of cheerfulness and excitement and the prevention emotion of confidence and security will further improve customer loyalty. A related potential further research could be to examine whether hedonic versus utilitarian, promotion versus prevention goals improve customer loyalty for services as well. Under the budget and time constraints, designers and managers are often compelling to choose among various attributes. If there is no budget or time constraints, perhaps the best solution is to maximize both hedonic and utilitarian dimension of benefits. However, they have to make trad-off process between various attributes. For the designers and managers have to keep in mind that without hedonic benefit satisfaction of the product it may hard to lead the customers to the customer loyalty.

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사회적 책임활동에 대한 참여평가가 브랜드 동일시 및 구매가치지각에 미치는 영향과 조절초점의 조절효과 (The Effect of Evaluation for Participation in Fashion Brand CSR on Brand Identification and Perceived Purchase Value According to Regulatory Focus)

  • 윤남희;최미영
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제34권9호
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    • pp.1515-1526
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    • 2010
  • Consumer expectations for ethical businesses have become increasingly high in recent years; the fashion industry is working to implement greater corporate social responsibility (CSR). This study establishes the effects of the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR on perceived purchase values. In particular, the process for the evaluation for participation that affect the perceived purchase value through consumer-brand identifications (personal/social) was verified and how the consumer regulatory focuses would influence this process was identified. For this study, an on-line survey was conducted that included a series of filtering questions that measured the level of social concern of respondents. Valid data from 505 female consumers were analyzed for the structure equation modeling. The empirical results suggested that the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR positively affected the two dimensions of consumer-brand identification; personal identification and social identification. In addition, consumer-brand identification played a role as a mediating variable in the path to influence the perceived purchase values of CSR brands. Lastly, there were differences in reactions to CSR activities by consumer groups with different regulatory focuses. The effect of the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR was shown to be higher for consumers with promotion focuses than on consumers with prevention focuses. The results of this study will help fashion companies understand the importance of the consumer participation in CSR by having consumers participate in ethical consumption.

The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division's Program within U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development

  • Princiotta, Frank T.
    • 청정기술
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.30-41
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    • 1996
  • Air pollution problems are serious and present significant challenges to the engineering research community. EPA's engineering research programs have shifted from a primary focus on $SO_2$ and NOx pollution control to more complex and more difficult problems such as indoor air quality, air toxics, and global climate change. EPA research engineers are working closely with other research organizations in both the private sector and other federal research organizations to identify, evaluate, and develop cost-effective engineering solutions. The APPCE works closely with the EPA regulatory and regional offices to ensure that the best engineering information is utilized to formulate and implement the Agency's environmental protection program.

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정보보안 업무 스트레스의 완화: 정보보안 정책 목표 설정 및 조절초점의 역할 (The Mitigation of Information Security Role Stress: The Role of Information Security Policy Goal Setting and Regulatory Focus)

  • 황인호
    • 한국전자통신학회논문지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.1177-1188
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    • 2023
  • 사회적으로, 조직들은 보유한 정보 자원의 엄격한 관리를 요구받고 있으며, 정보보안을 위한 기술과 정책에 투자를 높이고 있다. 반면, 조직원에 의한 정보 노출 위협은 지속해서 발생하고 있다. 연구의 목적은 보안정책에 의해 발생할 수 있는 업무 스트레스의 부정적 영향을 감소하는 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 세부적으로, 연구는 조직 환경(보안정책 목표 설정), 개인의 업무 지향성(조절초점) 요소를 반영하여, 업무 스트레스 완화 메커니즘을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구는 정보보안을 엄격하게 활용하고 있는 금융업 근로자에게 설문하였으며, 확보된 309건의 표본을 적용하여 가설을 검정하였다. 분석 결과, 연구는 보안정책 목표 관련 난이도와 구체성이 업무 스트레스(갈등, 모호성)를 감소시키고, 준수 의도에 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 개인의 업무 향상 초점이 업무 스트레스와 상호작용 효과를 가져, 준수 의도에 미치는 부정적 영향을 축소할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 연구의 결과는 조직원의 보안 준수 강화를 위한 조직의 보안 전략 수립에 의미를 제공한다.

A Design-related Information Processing Model for Brand Communication in Retail Spaces

  • LEE, Jeongmin;CHU, Wujin;YI, Jisu
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.109-123
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This research presents a practical tool aimed at increasing collaboration between designers and marketers for effective retail space branding. We present a design-related information processing model (DIP Model), which is a schematic map that includes cognitive theories which have design applications to retail space branding. Research design, data and methodology: Through literature review and practitioner opinion survey, 43 theories pertaining to the brand communication in retail spaces were selected, and design applications of the theories were analysed through field trips to stores of global brands. Results: The DIP Model consists of two axes: the information processing axis (i.e., encoding vsretrieval) and the regulatory focus axis(i.e., promotion vs prevention). Theories related to information processing axis are theories that facilitate the encoding and retrieval of information as intended by the company. Theories related to regulatory focus axis are theories that reinforce positive cognition and prevent negative cognition regarding the brand. Conclusions: The DIP Model is developed as a tool to categorise cognitive theories that are applicable to the design of brand communication in retail spaces. As such, the model can provide a better understanding of the role of behavioural design, with the aim of building stronger brands in retail spaces.