• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.30-38
• /
• 2016

Background: This study purposed to analyze the relationship between spatial distribution of Diabetes prevalence rates and regional variables. Methods: The unit of analysis was administrative districts of city gun gu. Dependent variable was the age- and sex- adjusted diabetes prevalence rates and regional variables were selected to represent three aspects: demographic and socioeconomic factor, health and medical factor, and physical environment factor. Along with the traditional ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis, geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied for the spatial analysis. Results: Analysis results showed that age- and sex-adjusted diabetes prevalence rates were varied depending on regions. OLS regression showed that diabetes prevalence rates had significant relationships with percent of population over age 65 and financial independence rate. In GWR, the effects of regional variables were not consistent. These results provide information to health policy makers. Conclusion: Regional characteristics should be considered in allocating health resources and developing health related programs for the regional disease management.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.293-305
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess and identify gender differences in factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods: Data for 3,071 men and 3,635 women ($age{\qeq}50$) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008~2011 were included. Osteoporosis was defined by World Health Organization T-score criteria. Impact factors and odds ratios were analysed by gender using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Osteoporosis prevalence rates were 7.0% in men and 40.1% in women. Osteopenia rates were 45.5% and 46.0% respectively. Among respondents with osteoporosis, 7.6% men and 37.8% women were aware of their diagnosis. Also 5.7% men with osteoporosis and 22.8% women were treated. Higher prevalence was found among respondents who were older, at lower socioeconomic levels, with lower body mass index and shorter height in both genders, and among women with fracture history, and non-hormonal replacement therapy. Awareness and treatment rates for the risk groups were similar compared to the low risk controls for both genders. Fracture history increased awareness and treatment rates independently for both genders. Women with perceived poor health status and health screening had increased awareness and treatment rates, but not men. Conclusion: Results indicate that postmenopausal women have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis than men and awareness and treatment rates were higher than for men. Despite gender difference in prevalence, osteoporosis was underdiagnosed and undertreated for both genders. Specialized public education and routine health screenings according to gender could be effective strategies to increase osteoporosis awareness and treatment.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 1982

This study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of parasitic infection and swine pen human latrine system in Cheju Do, from July to September 1982. The 663 stool specimens (male 323 and female 340) and 579 scotch tape anal swabs collected from 161 households of 2 areas in Cheju Do were examined. The methods employed were formalin-ether technique for the prevalence rate of various helminthic and protozoan infection, and scotch tape anal swab technique for the prevalence rates of Enterobius vermicularis. In addition to these, questionaire was used to evaluate the present status of swine pen human latrine system and prevalence rates of taeniasis in these areas. The results are as follows ; 1) Prevalence rates of parasitic infections of any kind was 33.9%. It was 35.7% in Cheju City in contrast to 32.1% in North Cheju Gun. The infection rates of Trichuris trichiura was 10.0% and it was the highest prevalence rate in this survey. The prevalence rates of the other parasites were as follows ; Ascaris lumbricoides 2,3%, Hookworm 0.2%, Clonorchis sinensis 0.5%, Hymenolepis nana 1.5%, Entamoeba coli 3.2%, and Giardia lamblia 0.5%. 2) The infection rates of Enterobius vermicularis in 579 peoples (male 285, female 294) by applying scotch tape anal swab technique was 13.1% through the survey. It was 16.9 in Cheju City and 8.5% in North Cheju Gun. 3) The Infection rate of Taenia species by applying the stool examination and making up a question was 19.2%(21.4% in Cheju City and 16.7% in North Cheju Gun). 4) Sexual distribution of the parasitic infections showed slightly higher rate in female than that of male. 5) The positive rates of parasitic infection by the stool examination and questionaire positive cases of taeniasis were higher in 0-9 and over 60 year old than any other age group. 7) The swine pen human latrine systems were used in 46 households (28.6%). 7) Relationship between swine pen human latrine system and taeniasis was not noted.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 1999

From 2,373 slaughtered pigs examined, 1,899 of them had visible evidence of pulmonary lesion. The lungs with pulmonary lesion were examined by grossly, histopathological technique to investigate the prevalence according to season, severity of pulmonary lesion, types of the pneumonia and relationship between rearing management and prevalence of pulmonary lesion. The results were as follows : 1. Prevalence of pneumonia according to season was 72.3% to 85.9% and the highest prevalence was in winter. 2. In the severity of pulmonary lesion, rates mild, moderate and severe lesions were 38.3%, 47.0% and 14.7%, respectively. Prevalence of mild lesion was the highest in autumn. Prevalence of moderate and severe lesions was the highest in winter. 3. In the type of pneumonia, rates of interstitial pneumonia and bronchopneumonia fibrinous pneumonia were 23.6%, 13.0%, and 3.4%, respectively. Prevalence of interstitial pneumonia was high in spring and autumn while that of broncho-pneumonia and fibrinous pneumonia was high in winter and summer, respectively. 4. In relationship of pulmonary lesions according to severity of pulmonary lesion and types of pneumonia, similarity was observed in prevalence of mild lesion and bronchopneumonia.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 1983

우리나라 농재지역의 회충감염에 있어서 현재감염률(prevalence)과 월재감염률(monthlyreinfection rate)의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 1975년부터 1980년까지 경기도 화성군 등 10개지역의 주민 총 4,466명에 대하여 충란융성여부에 관계없이 전원 pyrantel pamoate 10mg/kg을 투약한 뒤 2,547명으로부터 투약후 2일간의 전대편을 수집하였다. 수집될 대편으로부터 구충되어 배출된 인충의 성충 및 유약충(young worm)을 골라내고 충체수집검사자중 충체양성자 비율을 현재감염률로 표시하는 한편, 유약충양성자를 가려내어 지난 2개월동안의 누적연감염률로 표시하였다. 또 이로부터 월경감염률을 구한 뒤 현재감난률과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 상관관계의 model은 Hayash의 시간-감염률(time.prevalence) 관계곡선식을 응용하였다. 조사한 10개지역의 감염률 및 1인당 평균 감염량은 각각 13.6~72.3% 및 1.4~10.2의 범위에 있었고, 계산된 월재감염률은 지성에 따라 2.6~16.2%의 범위에 있었다. 감염률(Y)과 월재감염률(X)은 서로 깊은 사성 상관관계를 나타내고 있었고, 상관곡선식은 $Y=1-(1-X)^{7.2}$로 나타났다. 수식중 수치 7.2는 이론적으로 회충감염이 일차투약으로 완전치료된 후 다시 재감염되어 평형상태에 도달하기 위한 기간(개월)으로 해석되었다. 또, 회충이 재감염에 의해서 감염률이 지속적으로 상승하지 않고 7~8개월후 평형상태를 유지하게 된다는 것은 인체내에서 회충이 대략 7~8개월만에 새로운 충체에 의해서 바뀌어지고 있음을(turn over) 의미하는 것으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.141-149
• /
• 1994

서울지역과 대전지역 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 아동 780명을 대상으로 DSM-III-R의 진단 기준에 입각한 ‘파탄적 행동장애’의 유병율에 대한 조사 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) ADHD의 유병율은 7.6%(58/780)이었으며, 남학생에서 10.3%(45/435), 여학생에서 4.1%(14/344)로서 남학생에서 유의하게 높은 유병율을 보였다. 2) CD의 유병율은 3.8%(30/780)이었으며, 남학생에서 5.0%(22/436), 여학생에서 2.3%(8/344)로서 남학생에서 유의하게 높은 유병율을 보였다. 3) ODD의 유병율은 4.2%(33/480)로서 남학생에서 5.7%(25/436), 여학생에서 2.3%(8/344)로서 남학생에서 유의하게 높은 유병율을 보였다. 4) ADHD, CD 또는 ODD 모두에서 지역간 또는 학년간의 유병율을 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 5) 공존질병에 대한 조사 결과, ADHD는 3.4%(2/59)에서 CD가 동반되어 있었으며, 13.6%(8/59)에서 ODD가 동반되어 있었다. 또한 ADHD의 8.5%(5/59)에서 CD와 ODD가 모두 동반되어 있었다. 6) ADHD, CD 또는 ODD 모두, 경한 형태의 장애가 전형적인 경우의 약 2배 정도 관찰되었다.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.195-207
• /
• 2013

Objectives This study aimed to examine differences in the hepatic function disorders and prevalence rates of liver diseases in accordance with the Sasang constitutional type, and to analyze whether Sasang constitution is a significant risk factor for fatty liver. Methods A total of 1211 patients who underwent health check-up at the Ilsan Hospital of Dongguk University and had their physical constitutions diagnosed by a specialist in Sasang constitutional medicine from October 31, 2011 to September 28, 2012 were used as the subjects of this study. Presence of hepatobiliary diseases was analyzed from the results of the hepatic function test, lipid test and viral hepatitis infection marker test in the biochemistry tests, and abdominal ultrasonography. Results & Conclusion Subjects of the study were composed of 691 males and 520 females and, in terms of Sasang constitution distribution, 550 Taeeumin, 343 Soeumin and 318 Soyangin. As the results of analysis of prevalence rates in accordance with Sasang constitutions, significant differences were observed in the prevalence rates of abnormal groups in the cases of AST, ALT, GGT, Triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and all of their prevalence rates were in the descending order of Taeeumin, Soyangin and Soeumin. Soeumin displayed significantly higher positive rate for HBs Ab in comparison to Taeeumin and Soyangin. In the results of abdominal ultrasonography, the prevalence rates of fatty liver displayed significant differences and were in the descending order of Taeeumin, Soyangin and Soeumin. And as the result of logistic regression analysis in order to find the risk factors of fatty liver, the Sasang constitution was found to be a significant risk factor for fatty liver. The odds ratio of Taeeumin in fatty liver was found to be 1.634 higher than Soeumin and 1.773 higher than Soyangin

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.353-359
• /
• 2013

Objectives: We examined the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Korea as a basis for improving hypertension control programs. Methods: 12 598 participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this study. Weighted linear regression to test time trends from 2007 to 2011 was performed. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 20.7% in 2007, 29.4% in 2009, and 26.2% in 2011. Awareness of hypertension was 64.8% in 2007 and 61.1% in 2011. Awareness in those aged 65 and over was greater than in younger groups (age 19 to 44 and 45 to 64; p<0.001). The treatment rates were 58.4% in 2007 and 56.8% in 2011. The treatment rate was greater for those 65 and over than for younger age groups (p<0.001). The percentage of controlled hypertension was 37.6% in 2011. The percentage of controlled hypertension in those 65 and over was higher than in younger age groups (p<0.001). The treatment-control rates were 65.9% in 2007 and 67.7% in 2011. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in the males (p<0.001), while the awareness (p<0.001), treatment (p<0.001), and control (p<0.001) rates were higher in the females. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension was increasing and the hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates were low in younger age groups and males.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.372-380
• /
• 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the number of workers exposed to diesel engine exhaust (DEE) by industry and year in the Republic of Korea. Method: The estimates of workers potentially exposed to DEE in the Republic of Korea were calculated by industry on the basis of the carcinogen exposure (CAREX) surveillance system. The data on the labor force employed in DEE exposure industries were obtained from the Census on Establishments conducted by the Korea National Statistical Office from 1993 to 2013. The mean values of prevalence rates adopted by EU15 countries were used as the primary exposure prevalence rates. We also investigated the exposure prevalence rates and exposure characteristics of DEE in 359 workplaces representing 11 industries. Results: The total number of workers exposed to DEE were estimated as 270,014 in 1993 and 417,034 in 2013 (2.2% of the total labor force). As of 2013, the industry categorized as "Land transport" showed the highest number of workers exposed to DEE with 174,359, followed by "Personal and household services" with 70,298, "Construction" with 45,555, "Wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels" with 44,005, and "Sanitation and similar services" with 12,584. These five industries, with more than 10,000 workers exposed to DEE, accounted for 83% of the total DEE-exposed workers. Comparing primary prevalence rates used for preliminary estimation among 49 industries, "Metal ore mining" had the highest rate at 52.6%, followed by "Other mining" with 50.0%, and "Land transport" with 23.6%. Conclusion: The DEE prevalence rates we surveyed (1.3-19.8%) were higher than the primary prevalence rates. The most common emission sources of DEE were diesel engine vehicles such as forklifts, trucks, and vans. Our estimated numbers of workers exposed to DEE can be used to identify industries with workers requiring protection from potential exposure to DEE in the Republic of Korea.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2002

Recently, the rabies cases have been reported in Paju- and Yangju-gun, Gyeonggj province near Seoul metropolitan area. The Pukhansan national park, nearly located from the cities, is suspected to be a high risk area for incidence and spread of the rabies to metropolitan area. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence rate for rabies antibody of dogs near the Pukhansan national park and in some other districts in Seoul metropolitan city. From march to october 2001, a total of 306 serum samples were taken from dogs for breeding(189) md pet dogs(117) in 4 districts near the Pukhansan national park and other districts of Seoul. Rabies virus antibodies in sera were detected by neutralizing peroxidase - linked as say (NPLA). Of the 306 sera of dogs tested, 74 (24.2%) were positive to rabies virus antibody. The prevalence rates of rabies antibody in Pukhansan national park area and in the other districts of Seoul city were 23.7% and 25.3%, respectively There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate between these two districts. The prevalence rates of rabies antibody in pet dogs and dogs for breeding were 40.2% and 14.3% respectively. The prevalence rates of rabies antibodies in less than 1 year, 1∼<2 years, 2∼<3 years, and over 3 years old dogs were 14.5%, 22.4%, 32.6%, and 27.1%, respectively, and overall 24.2% in the dog population. In addition, we found that dogs less than 1 year old had lower antibody prevalence than those over 1 year old. It was concluded that enhancement of vaccination is important in the prevention of the rabies, and that rabies vaccines should not be less supplied than the population of the dog.