• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.228-241
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among women with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 288 women with rheumatoid arthritis was conducted in a university-affiliated hospital. Data were collected by reviewing the women's medical charts and self-report questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 27.8%, 5.9% and 48.3%, respectively. Despite the high prevalence of dyslipidemia, the subjects'awareness of it and its treatment rates were the lowest, which resulted in a low control rate. Of the 288 subjects, 158 (55%) had at least one of the three conditions. The prevalence of the combination of cardiovascular risk factors increased with age, and 32.7% of those aged 60 or older had two or three of the cardiovascular risk factors. Combinations of cardiovascular risk factors were significantly related with severe pain and fatigue. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors were highly prevalent among the women with rheumatoid arthritis, but the rates of awareness, treatment, and control were suboptimal. There is a pressing need to facilitate the prevention, early detection and appropriate management of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in order to prevent cardiovascular disease.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 1991

This Study was carried out to measure the noise and to evalulate the prevalence of the noise-induced hearing loss and the hypertension in metal manufacturing workers. To perform this sutdy 116 workers were tested their hearing level and hypertension. 1. In frequency analysis, the $C_5$-dip phenomenon occurred around 4000 Hz. 2. Noise intensity was correlated significantly with hearing loss at 500, 1,000, 8,000 Hz (p<0.01). 3. Average hearing loss value by 4-divided method was $32.91{\pm}5.60dB$. 4. Hearing loss steadily increased to the 10th year and steadily after that at 4000 Hz. 5. The prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss of 6,027 workers was 1.81 %. 6. The prevalence of hypertension of 116 workers was 11.2 %.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 1992

Patterns in the outbreaks of senile diseases were investigated on 1, 264 workers by special examination among the 43, 210 industrial workers by the screening test performed in Kwang-ju and Chon-nam Branch of Korean Industrial Health Association from January 4 to December 31 in 1991. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Prevalence rate of senile diseases of industrial workers was 2.9%. And prevalence rate according to the kinds of senile diseases was observed in the order of hepatitis (0.9%), hypertension(0.7%), diabetes mellitus(0.5%), anemia(0.4%). 2) Prevalence rate of complicated senile diseases of industrial workers was 0.5%. And prevalence rate according to kinds of complicated senile diseases was observed in the order of others hypertension and arteriosclerosis (0.1%), HBV and others chronic hepatitis(0.1%), essential hypertension and arteriosclerosis(0.03%), iron deficiency anemia and leukopenia(0.03%).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2001

Objective : To develop a boner understanding of the relationship between weight status and the prevalence of obesity related diseases in the Korean population. Methods : The 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey was used and 10,880 persons who had previously taken health examinations were selected for study. The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity's classification of weight status was used. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, osteoarthritis, chronic heart disease, stroke were included as obesity related disease. A logistic regression model was developed to estimate the prevalence odds ratio by obesity class adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors and we converted the odds ratio to a prevalence ratio using the base line prevalence of disease to aid in the interpretation of the ratios. Results : The prevalence of obesity was 26.3% based on the KSSO classification $(BMI\geq25)$. A graded increase in the prevalence ratio was observed with increasing severity of overweight and obesity for all health outcomes with the exception of chronic heart disease in men and stroke in both men and women. With normal weight individuals as the reference, for men who were younger than 50 years, the prevalence ratios were highest for hypertension BMI<23-25: 1.70(95% CI=1.41-2.05), 25$BMI\geq30$: 4.83(95% CI=3.70-5.84). The prevalence ratios for dyslipidemia were as high as hypertension, but were lower than hypertension for diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis. Prevalence ratios generally were greater in younger adults. The prevalence of having 2 or more obesity related diseases increased with weight status category, except in people who were older than 50 years. Conclusions : Based on results, obesity is an increasingly important health problem in Korea and the disease burden increases according to weight status. For Korean adults, the strongest relationship was seen between weight status and hypertension and dyslipidemia. In older people the impact of excess weight and obesity is stronger than that seen in younger people. Increased efforts in the study of obesity and prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity related disease are required.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.325-329
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was performed to assess the association between high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and hypertension. Methods : We evaluated the relationship between hsCRP with hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors, using a cross-sectional survey of 202 people over the age of 50, living in a rural area. A logistic regression analysis was used to study the association between hsCRP and hypertension. The hsCRP levels were divided in quartiles, and the odds ratios (OR), with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), calculated, using the lowest quartile as a reference. Results : The subjects consisted of 37.1% men and 62.9% women, with a mean (SD) hsCRP level of $1.9({\pm}3.0mg/{\ell})$ . The overall prevalence of hypertension was 61.4%. The prevalence of hypertension according to the hsCRP quartile was not statistically significant. After adjustment for confounding variables, the prevalence of hypertension according to the subjects in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th hsCRP quartiles were 1.418 (95% CI=0.554-3.628), 1.124 (95% CI=0.392-3.214) and 0.892 (95% CI=0.312-2.547) times higher, respectively, compared to those in the 1st quartile. Conclusions : The results showed that the level of hsCRP was not a risk factor for hypertension among adults aged over 50 years, living in a rural area. A further study should be performed to find the association between hsCRP and hypertension.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.506-519
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the associations of income, marital status, and health behaviors with hypertension in male and female over 40 years of age in the Korea. Methods: The data were derived from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES; 4851-302) which included 211 576 participants. To analyze the relationships of income, marital status, and health behaviors with hypertension in male and female over 40 years of age, multiple logistic regression was conducted with adjustments for these variables. Results: The prevalence of hypertension increased linearly as income decreased. The odds ratio for developing hypertension in people with an income of <0.5 million Korean won (KRW) compared to ≥6.0 million KRW was 1.55 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 1.93) in the total population, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.27 to 1.98) in male, and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.35 to 3.28) in female. The combined effect of income level and marital status on hypertension was significant. According to income level and marital status, in male, low income and divorce were most associated with hypertension (1.76 times; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.08). However, in female, the low-income, married group was most associated with hypertension (1.83 times; 95% CI, 1.71 to 1.97). Conclusions: The results of this study show that it is necessary to approach male and female marital status separately according to income in health policies to address inequalities in the prevalence of hypertension.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2015

Objectives: The prevalence of hypertension in Korean rural elderly was significantly higher than that of the general population. Determining the potential risk factors of hypertension would be useful for managing and improving the treatment and prevention of hypertension in rural areas. Methods: We studied 336 elderly individuals 110 males, 226 females) aged between 65 years and 95 years residing in the rural area, S-gun Jeonbuk. Health-related habits, frequency of intake of food groups, nutrient intakes, anthropometric and biochemical measurements were assessed. Subjects were defined as hypertensive if SBP was ${\geq}140mmHg$ or if DBP was ${\geq}90mmHg$ or take an antihypertensive drug. Results: The rate of prevalence of hypertension in the study group was 51.8% (male 40.0%, female 57.5%). The risk of occurrence of hypertension was higher among females (OR, 1.98), 75 years old or older (OR, 1.62), BMI ${\geq}25kg/m^2$ (OR, 2.84), acceptable range (upper end) of body fat (OR, 2.29) and unhealthy (too high) range of body fat (OR, 3.28), hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 2.17) and hypercholesterolemia (OR, 5.42), low protein intakes (OR, 1.78). However, health related habits, frequencies of intake of food groups and most nutrient intakes except for protein did not show any significant relationship with the occurrence of hypertension. Conclusions: To reduce the risk of occurrence of hypertension among elderly individuals in rural areas, it is needed to avoid increase of body fat, 25 or higher BMI ($kg/m^2$) and hyperlipidemia and low intake of proteins.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.521-528
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• 1999

Cardiovascular disease is very prevalent in Korea, and many risk factors, if properly identified are possibly corrected. However, the study results on prevalence and distribution of risk factors may not be reliable while the risk factors of disease are always issued on health promotion projects conducted recently in a community. The subjects of this study were 854 adults who participated in the health and nutrition survey in a community. They were aged between 20 and 69 and sampled representatively. This study intended to estimate the prevalence and the distribution of risk factors of cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure levels were estimated at $123.9{\pm}2.2mgHg(men)$, $117.9{\pm}1.7mgHg$(women), and $80.4{\pm}1.5mg(men)$, $74.9{\pm}1.1mgHg(women)$, respectively. Glucose level was estimated at $99.1{\pm}2.3mg/dl$ in men, and $95.7{\pm}1.7mg/dl$ in women. The estimated level of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were $183.4{\pm}3.8mg/dl(men)$, $181.7{\pm}3.1mg/dl(men)$, and $122.0{\pm}4.5mg/dl(women)$, and body mass index was estimated at $24.0{\pm}0.4kg/m^2$ in men and $23.9{\pm}0.4kg/m^2$ in men and $23.9{\pm}0.3kg/m^2$ in women. The prevalence of hypertension was 20.5% for men, and 14.4% for women. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was estimated to 6.9% for men, and 6.1% for women. The estimated prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 3.8%(men), 3.9%(women). The rate of obesity was estimated to 28.5%(men), 28.4% (women), respectively. The levels of blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol were higher in men than in women in almost all the almost ate groups. The prevalence of hypertension for men is about 20%. It was found that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus for males aged between 40 and 59 was rapidly increased. The risk factor with highest prevalence was obesity, and hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the second and third most prevalent.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.372-381
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• 2014

Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence of hypertension, explored sleep duration, and examined the related factors to hypertension in Korean middle-aged adults. Methods: Using raw data from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted from 2008 to 2010, a secondary analysis was performed with data from 13,230 adults aged 30~64 years. ${\chi}^2$-test and multiple logistic regressions was used for the data analysis. Results: The prevalence of hypertension among Korean middle-aged adults was 21.8% and 40.3% among participants reported that their average sleep duration was below six hours a night. Risk factors for hypertension include: female (the odds ratio (OR) 1.66 for male), 50~64 years age group (OR 3.66 for 30~49 years age group), education level of elementary school (OR 1.84 for university level), low household income (OR 1.27 for upper), obesity (OR 2.41), high risk drinking (OR 1.64), and sleep duration${\leq}6$ hrs (OR 1.16 for 8 hrs of sleep). Conclusion: High risk population of hypertension could be male, aged, low education, and low income. Obesity, high risk drinking, and short sleep duration should be considered as risk factors for hypertension. Interventions for obesity management, adequate alcohol drinking and sleep duration could be considered for preventing hypertension.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.1007-1015
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of hypertension in Haiti and to describe regional characteristics, and thus to speculate Haitian specific regional risk factors. This is a descriptive and comparative study. Subjects were 145 male/female Haitians, who aged between 30 and 59 and have lived in rural areas, had their hypertension indicators being screened. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA. More than four fifth of the subjects (82.8%) showed pre-hypertensive or moderate to severe hypertensive condition. 65.5% of the total had abnormal pulse pressure ($PP{\geq}50$) and 13.8% of the sample showed tachycardia (Heart $Rate{\geq}100$). Female Haitian tended to have higher diastolic blood pressure and faster heart rate than male Haitian. The residents who lived in Part 5-1 area with less accessibility to drinking water tended to have higher systolic and diastolic pressure. Hydration status of Haitians was highly considered as an affecting factor on the distribution of hypertension as evidenced by different level of accessibility to drinking water.