• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2004

A reticulated PU-g-PAAc foam was modified through the surface treatment of PU foam by one atmospheric pressure plasma. The synthesized PU-g-PAAc foam was prepared for the purpose of immobilizing microbial organisms. We also attempted different plasma treatment methods including simple plasma treatment, plasma induced grafting and plasma induced grafting followed by plasma re-treatment. The effect of grafting on equilibrium water content (EWC) of PU forms was examined by swelling measurements. Adhesion test was performed to investigate the effect of different plasma treatment methods on the improvement of microbial immobilization. Two foams modified by plasma induced grafting and plasma re-treatment after grafting showed 2.7 and 3.0 fold higher microbial immobilization than unmodified one, respectively. Meanwhile, simple plasma treatment showed a little enhancement. FT-IR analysis of each sample verified the contribution of surface functional groups on the enhancement of microbial immobilization. SEM observation confirmed microbial adherence.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two different lifting posture on the plantar foot pressure, force and COP(center of pressure) trajectory path during object lifting. Fourteen healthy adults who had no musculoskeletal disorders were instructed to lift with two postures(stoop and squat) and two object weights(empty box and 10 kg box). Plantar foot pressures, forces and COP trajectory path were recorded by the F-mat system(Tekscan, Boston, USA) during object lifting with barefoot. Plantar foot surface was defined as seven regions for pressure measurement; two toe regions, three forefoot regions, one midfoot region and one heel region. Paired t-test was used to compare the outcomes of peak pressure and maximum force with different two lifting postures and two object weights. Plantar peak pressure and maximum force under hallux was significantly greater in squat posture than stoop posture during the two different boxes lifting(p<.05). During the empty box lifting, maximum force under lessor toes was significantly less and plantar peak pressure under second metatarsal region was significantly greater in squat than stoop(p<.05). Maximum force under heel was significantly less in squat than stoop posture during 10kg box lifting(p<.05). Finally, COP trajectory path was significantly greater in squat than stoop(p<.05). These findings confirm that there are significantly change in the structure and function of the foot during the object lifting with different posture. Future studies should focus on the contribution of both structural and functional change to the development of common foot problems in adults.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2024

Objective : Decompressive craniectomy (DC) with duroplasty is one of the common surgical treatments for life-threatening increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Once ICP is controlled, cranioplasty (CP) with reinsertion of the cryopreserved autologous bone flap or a synthetic implant is considered for protection and esthetics. Although with the risk of autologous bone flap resorption (BFR), cryopreserved autologous bone flap for CP is one of the important material due to its cost effectiveness. In this article, we performed conventional statistical analysis and the machine learning technique understand the risk factors for BFR. Methods : Patients aged >18 years who underwent autologous bone CP between January 2015 and December 2021 were reviewed. Demographic data, medical records, and volumetric measurements of the autologous bone flap volume from 94 patients were collected. BFR was defined with absolute quantitative method (BFR-A) and relative quantitative method (BFR%). Conventional statistical analysis and random forest with hyper-ensemble approach (RF with HEA) was performed. And overlapped partial dependence plots (PDP) were generated. Results : Conventional statistical analysis showed that only the initial autologous bone flap volume was statistically significant on BFR-A. RF with HEA showed that the initial autologous bone flap volume, interval between DC and CP, and bone quality were the factors with most contribution to BFR-A, while, trauma, bone quality, and initial autologous bone flap volume were the factors with most contribution to BFR%. Overlapped PDPs of the initial autologous bone flap volume on the BRF-A crossed at approximately 60 mL, and a relatively clear separation was found between the non-BFR and BFR groups. Therefore, the initial autologous bone flap of over 60 mL could be a possible risk factor for BFR. Conclusion : From the present study, BFR in patients who underwent CP with autologous bone flap might be inevitable. However, the degree of BFR may differ from one to another. Therefore, considering artificial bone flaps as implants for patients with large DC could be reasonable. Still, the risk factors for BFR are not clearly understood. Therefore, chronological analysis and pathophysiologic studies are needed.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2008

This paper summarizes a design procedure of radiated noise from engine blocks of marine engines. This air-borne noise is one of the significant noise contributors including the aeroacoustic noise due to intake and exhaust and the re-radiation due to structure-borne noise. Excitation forces by engine operations are evaluated taking into account the power generation mechanism from the burning process to the subsequence motion of internal parts; piston, connecting rod, and crank shaft. The acoustic transfer vector method is incorporated to effectively simulate the radiated noise field under the various operation conditions. A contribution analysis for the various excitations to the radiated noise is conducted. It is found that the firing pressure is the main source of the radiated noise, and so the structure of the cylinder can be modified to significantly reduce the radiated noise from the engine block.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2024

에어컨 실외기 내부의 압축기 진동 소음은 실외기에서 발생하는 소음의 주 원인으로 인식되고 있었다. 하지만, 압축기의 작동 속도가 증가함에 따라 압축기에 연결된 배관계에서의 냉매 유동 기인 진동에 의한 소음의 상대적 기여도가 증가하였다. 본 논문에서는 에어컨 압축기 배기 배관계에서의 유체 기인 소음을 수치적으로 예측할 수 있는 해석방법을 정립하였다. 이 단계에서, 해석 결과와 실험결과의 비교를 통해 해석의 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 추가적으로, 압축기 배기 배관계 방사 소음에 대하여 압축기 맥동음과 압축기 진동에 의한 소음의 영향을 주파수 대역별로 비교하였다. 압축기 진동에 의한 소음이 저주파수 대역에 기여함을 확인하였으며, 압축기 맥동음이 고주파수에서의 소음에 영향을 줌을 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.493-510
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• 2021

Mineral wool is an insulation material commonly used in passive fire protection (PFP) systems on offshore installations. Insulation materials have only been considered functional materials for thermal analysis in the conventional offshore PFP system design method. Hence, the structural performance of insulation has yet to be considered in the design of PFP systems. However, the structural elements of offshore PFP systems are often designed with excessive dimensions to satisfy structural requirements under external loads such as wind, fire and explosive pressure. To verify the structural contribution of insulation material, it was considered a structural material in this study. A series of material tensile tests was undertaken with two types of mineral wool at room temperature and at elevated temperatures for fire conditions. The mechanical properties were then verified with modified methods, and a database was constructed for application in a series of nonlinear structural and thermal finite-element analyses of an offshore bulkhead-type PFP system. Numerical analyses were performed with a conventional model without insulation and with a new suggested model with insulation. These analyses showed the structural contribution of the insulation in the structural behaviour of the PFP panel. The results suggest the need to consider the structural strength of the insulation material in PFP systems during the structural design step for offshore installations.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1060-1065
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• 2007

This paper summarizes a design procedure of radiated noise from engine blocks of marine engines. This air-borne noise is one of the significant noise contributors including the aeroacoustic noise due to intake and exhaust and the re-radiation due to structure-borne noise. Excitation forces by engine operations are evaluated taking into account the power generation mechanism from the burning process to the subsequence motion of internal parts; piston, connecting rod, and crank shaft. The acoustic transfer vector method is incorporated to effectively simulate the radiated noise field under the various operation conditions. A contribution analysis for the various excitations to the radiated noise is conducted. It is found that the firing pressure is the main source of the radiated noise, and so the structure of the cylinder can be modified to significantly reduce the radiated noise from the engine block.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.333-347
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• 2014

Nonlinear bending of super-elliptical plates of uniform thickness under uniform transverse pressure was investigated by the Ritz method. The material was assumed to be homogeneous and isotropic. The contribution of the boundary conditions at the point supports was introduced by the Lagrange multipliers. The solution was obtained by the Newton-Raphson method. The influence of the location of the point supports on the central deflection was highlighted by sensitivity analysis. An approximate relationship between the central deflection and the super-elliptical power was obtained using the method of least squares. The critical points where the maximum deflection may develop, and the influence of nonlinearity were highlighted. The nonlinearity was found to be sensitive to the aspect ratio. The accuracy of the algorithm was validated by comparing the central deflection with the solutions of elliptical and rectangular plates.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.336-340
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• 2014

The noise and vibration have been evaluated by using the finite element model in the vehicle developing stage. The sound pressure of the vehicle compartment is predicted by the acoustic cavity model coupled with the body structure. In general, the structural model has been focused to study in the improvement of the noise. It is not easy to treat the structural model, instead the acoustic cavity model is relatively simple and aids in root cause analysis of vibro-acoustic issues. Therefore, the acoustic transfer function of the cavity is more efficient for finding out the main contribution parts of the vehicle booming noise. And examples about the run-up booming noise demonstrate the validity of the AFT analysis for improving the vibro-acoustic sensitivity.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.453-462
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• 2015

In this study, a methodology is investigated for the development of social responsibility program employed by major domestic companies under social pressure. It is true, however, that its infancy in history and lack of experience makes it difficult to run novel programs for the companies on their own and it naturally leads to copying and/or slight modification of what others do. Utilizing widely accepted SWOT analysis, stakeholders analysis and PDCA Cycle, a methodology for the successful programs with sustainability is proposed by reflecting business nature and strategic direction. Three real cases are analyzed. In addition, relationship and position with social welfare organizations is elucidated.