• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.111-132
• /
• 2014

Recently, there have been discussions about the necessity of consumer arbitration such as ADR. The debate has progressed, because this area of arbitration has expanded into the press and medical fields. However, there is not an act for regulating consumer arbitration in South Korea. Thus, this issue has been deliberated at UNCITRAL Working Group III. The core issue of this deliberation is the validity of consumer arbitration. Especially if a pre-dispute arbitration agreement is contracted online, it progresses by using standardized terms; therefore it is possible that the Standardized Terms Regulating Act judges the relevant terms. This thesis consists of the following: First, concepts and categories of arbitration agreements. These include arbitration agreement, pre-dispute arbitration agreement, and arbitration agreement through standardized terms. Second, the validity of the above agreements will be discussed. There are three positions concerning their validity: affirmative as de lege ferenda, negative, and restrictively negative. Similar discussions concerning German law and cases would be helpful to specify and compare the issue. When a consumer arbitration agreement is contracted through standardized terms, it is necessary that the required formality of the agreement has been satisfied, before the effect of the agreement may be regulated by the German Civil Code.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.81-82
• /
• 1999

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.76
• /
• pp.151-182
• /
• 2016

The right to be forgotten (RTBF) has been a population notion to address privacy issues associated with the digitalization of information and the dissemination of such information over the global digital network. In May 2014, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) laid down a landmark RTBF decision to grant individuals the right to be de-listed from search results. ECJ's RTBF decision sparked an increased interest in RTBF in South Korea. Academic and non-academic commentators have provided a mistaken or outstretched interpretation of RTBF in claiming that removal of news articles should be read into RTBF in Korean law. Moreover, the Press Arbitration Commission of Korea (PAC) has proposed revising the Press Arbitration Act (PAA) to allow the alleged victims of news reporting to request the deletion of news stories. This article examines the notion of RTBF from its origin to the latest development abroad and also critically explores Korean laws regulation freedom of expression to evaluate if Korea needs the proposed PAA revision.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.71-97
• /
• 2021

The meaning of the amendment to the Media Arbitration Act in our society is not limited to media companies. And it's not just a problem for a specific group. It expresses public value because it is an issue that can affect members of society as a whole and furthermore, it becomes a bill that can infringe or strengthen individual freedom guaranteed by the Constitution, but makes different arguments. Freedom of speech is not achieved in a day and should not be easily lost by someone. Although it is not a frequent problem, fatal threats arising from wrong media reports take away an individual's present and future. It is because of this problem that the responsibility is important. Freedom of speech and control are heading in different directions, but they are the same as the front and back of the coin. The freedom pursued is different, but it consists of one body. If freedom and responsibility of speech made up of one body criticize or ignore each other, the results are scattered into a distorted On the other hand, the flexion of responsibility without freedom serves as a speaker that conveys the ideology of some classes or represents the interests of a particular group. The fact that the media should act as the air of society means that it should represent the interests of the majority, make them aware of the rights of unfair or marginalized members, and be their strength.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2014

With the drastic development of technology for almost eternally saving digital information, cases for giving sufferings to a person who deserves to enjoy privacy have increased. So I study the right to be forgotten focusing on the collision between that right and freedom of expression. I also study the concept of the right to be forgotten and its legal basis for the protection of that right. That right can be protected mainly by the self-decision making right under the Article 10, and secondly the privacy right under the Article 17 of the Constitutional Law. The Press Arbitration Law can be applied to protect the right to be forgotten, but that Law needs the revision of time-limit clause for complain, protection clause for the right to ask to delete factual past article, and the clause of staleness doctrine for the consent of giving personal information.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2014

The right to be forgotten is a world-wide issue after the decision of the European Court of Justice which accepted that right. This essay discusses about the guide lines for protecting the right to delete, a category of the right to be forgotten. I classified those guide lines as follows : (1) sensitiveness of the personal information, (2) offensiveness to reasonable and ordinary people, (3) intention of writing the article, (4) value of historical record, (5) importance of privacy comparing with right to know with time flow, (6) public figure, (7) article based on fact or opinion. To effectively protect right to be forgotten and delete, we have to consider Privacy Impact Assessment, using blind system, unification of multiple institutions, and reforming press arbitration system.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.99-118
• /
• 2021

The participants in this study were university students, who are millennials and familiar with various devices and SNS enabling hyper connection, such as smartphones, the Internet, and the Internet of Things. People are sustaining their relationships with others by using the latest technology and cutting-edge devices at will. Some purchases are made at offline stores through online information, but products are checked through offline stores and purchased online. The MZ generation, which does not always have a fixed and constant behavioral response pattern, was considered a participant in this study because the response pattern may vary depending on one's tendency to avoid uncertainty. As a result of experimenting with the MZ generation, similar results were found in all dependent variables. Advertorial and general ads treated as independent variables affected the participants' tendency to avoid uncertainty. In other words, uncertainty avoidance tendency and interaction effect were found as a result of verifying the effects on the dependent variable of ads type. In an advertorial, the group with low uncertainty avoidance tendencies showed higher dependent variable effects than the group with high uncertainty avoidance tendencies; in general ads, uncertainty avoidance tendencies were higher. The higher group showed higher dependent variable effects than the lower group. Therefore, the group with a low tendency to avoid uncertainty has a high level of dependent variable effects in the advertorial, and the group with high uncertainty avoidance tendency performs self-interpretation in general ads.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.34
• /
• pp.161-195
• /
• 2006

Standing to sue has become one of the most important and controversial issues in suits between the press and the victims injured by the press reports. Even thought Korean law was patterned after the European legal system, there is no denying that the Korean Constitution was influenced by that of the United States. The judicial system was also influenced by its counterpart in the United States. The doctrine of standing to sue has plagued the U.S. Supreme Court for several decades. The traditional test of standing in the federal courts was, at the beginning of the century, whether the interest asserted by the plaintiff amounted to a 'legal right', entitled to the protection of the common law. In recent years, the Supreme Court seems to have settled on a two-tiered method for determining whether a plaintiff has standing to sue in federal court. The first level of inquiry is the constitutional core, and the second is the judicially imposed prudential limitations. The purpose of this study is to find out the doctrine of standing in the legal proceedings caused by the press reports. The press needs to internally transform as well to prevent legal dispute, enforcing confirmation when collecting news materials and building up the device for pre-examining the news. The press is also requested to help sincerely the victim recover, realizing that they waste their reputation and credit not to mention a lot of time and monet during the legal dispute.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.286-298
• /
• 2009

Became large a problem we were productive movement of information became large and occurring to diffusions of development of public media and Internet use. While the Internet became a generalization, public media had more influences and risks, and a crime to abuse anonymity became large in cyber space. In addition, damage is becoming expanded reproduction that infringe of ' crime victim's rights of portrait'. The point that is most important in order to improve these points is recognition regarding the special situation of crime victim, and the ethic consciousness and independent operation regulation and regulation system that these point was taken into consideration in the public media and Internet operation that are an information producer is necessary, and Internet portal shall be included like Internet newspapers to the arbitration object of the Press Arbitration Commission. Also, a legal system regarding personal responsibility shall have for protection of a crime victim's rights of portrait by personal information activity for protection in cyber space. Suggest to a portrait of a crime victim, and an individual and social rights security effort are required for activation regarding an infringement relief system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.159-168
• /
• 2012

Freedom of speech is indispensable in Democracy. It is a rink among government agencies. Mass media as institutionalized means which forms public opinion impacts quite a few to a society. Mass media as a life media in our daily lives has characteristics of speed and prompt report. It is difficult to measure the effect on a society. Mass media is a lifeline in democracy because it has freedom of opinion for seeing, listening, speaking, and criticizing about the people's right to know in an information society. Our Constitution also guarantees freedom of the press, information(peoples's right to know), report, the collection of news, and edition. Because an unnecessary thing about a privacy is reported by mass media, it can violate defamation. This study seeks to be unbiased in reporting and what the principles of the Constitution for minimizing an invasion of a person's privacy is. This study also seeks freedom of speech and the right to know. In case that a personal honor is invaded by a mass media and a publication, this study provides the Constitution basis, Criminal Law basis, and Civic Law basis for remedy violation. A report for apology on newspaper and by television was widely used as "a proper punishment for honor recovery in the past". The constitutional court had decided that including the report of apology for "a proper punishment of honor recovery" in the article 764 of the Civic Law as a reason of freedom of conscience and the violation of personal rights was against the Constitution. Therefore, this study examples what is a legal remedy in practical?, where is legal basis of special remedy in the Civic Law, and what is a method by the Press Arbitration Law compared with the examples of other countries. On the other hand, because a mass media may injure a person's honor and infringe a person's privacy, if the report is categorized as a malicious press, the true role which mass media has to do may not demonstrated. In conclusion, this study was to minimalize infringement of mass media to a person and to seek a realistic alternative of a legal remedy.