• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2022

식물 캘러스의 월간 또는 주간의 반복적인 계대배양은 노동 집약적이며 모 세포주로부터 somaclonal variation 발생 위험을 증가시킨다. 식물 캘러스를 보존하기위한 가장 효과적인 방법은 액체질소에 저장하는 초저온동결보존 방법이다. 하지만 초저온동결보존 방법은 동일한 방법으로 여러 식물의 캘러스에 적용할 수 없어 보존 방법 개발에 많은 어려움이 따른다. 또한 해동 후 냉동되어진 캘러스의 생존과 생존 후 재생 속도가 불확실 하다는 단점이 있다. 그러므로 활성 상태의 식물 캘러스의 계대배양 간격을 증가시키는 방법의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 냉동과정 없는 활성상태의 다양한 종의 식물 캘러스를 계대배양 없이 4주에서 12주 동안 15℃에서 배양하였다. 25℃에서 12주간 배양한 8종류의 식물 캘러스들은 모두 2배 이하의 성장을 보였으나 15℃에서 12주간 배양 조건에서는 8종류의 식물 캘러스들은 최소 2배 이상의 성장을 하였다. 또한 15℃에서 배양 후 25℃에서 회복시킨 캘러스들 사이의 항산화 활성 역시 크게 변화하지 변하지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 배지조성이나 특별한 새로운 과정없이 15℃ 저온으로 계대배양 간격을 증가시킬 수 있음을 보여준다. 또한 여러 식물 종의 캘러스들 모두에서 긍정적인 결과는 여러 캘러스들에 동일한 방법으로 계대배양 간격을 증가시킴으로 노동력 감소는 물론 somaclonal variation을 상대적으로 줄여 줄 것으로 예상한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1173-1181
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• 1996

동종동맥판의 보존기법이 발전하면서 상당한 정도의 생육성이 보존되며, 특히 면역반응의 주된 요인인 내피세포 생육성이 약 50%이상 보존되기 때문에 보존처리된 동종동맥판 내피세포의 면역능력을 평가하는것이 동종동맥판의 임상적변화의 원인을 규명하는데 필요할 것이다. 실험은 200~250gm의 Sprague-Dawley Rat를 사용하였다. Rat로부터 적출한 동맥벽을 현재 임상적으로 사용하고 있는 냉장보존법과 냉동보존법을 사용하여 2주일간 보존하였으며 보존처리전(No treat)과 멸균처리후(sterile),냉장 보존후 1(1day), 2(2day), 7(7day), 14일째(14day), 2주간의 냉동보존후(cryo)에 표본을 채취하여 보존시간에 따른 변화를 관찰하였다. 면역표현에 대한 연구를 위하여 혈관조직으로부터 내피세포를 분리한 뒤 면역조직화학검사(Immunohistochemical study)를 하였다. 혈관내피세포의 항원 표현정도를 정량적으로 분석하기 위하여 anti-MHC class I antibody(MRC OX-18)과 anti-MHC class II antibody(MRC OX-6), anti-ICAM antibody를 사용하였다. 처리된 내피세포를 Flow cytomwtry로 분석하여 항체가 부착된 내피세포의 비율을 알아냄으로써 내피세포의 항원성(antigenic expression)을 조사하였다. 또한 보존처리된 동종동맥판에 의한 생체내에서의 면역반응을 평가하기 위하여 위에서와 같은 방법으로 보존처리전(No treat), 멸균처리 후 2일 보존후(2 day), 7일 보존후(7 day), 14일 보존 후(14 day), 냉동보존(cryo)된 동종동맥판을 Mouse에 이식한 후 일정기간(1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8주)이 경과된 시점에서 혈중의 CD4$^{+}$, CD8$^{+}$ T cell분포를 측정하였다. 이를 위하여 Mouse의 미정맥에서 채취한 혈액에 monoclonal antibody를 처리한 뒤 flow cytometry를 이용하여 lymphocyte중의 CD4$^{+}$, CD8$^{+}$ T cell 비율을 측정하였다. 내피세포의 MHC Class I 표현정도는 No treat에서 23.95%였고, sterile에서 48.08%로 증가한 뒤 14day 까지 36.02%로, cryo에서도 35.53% 로 증가되어 있었다(p=0.0183). MHC Class II 표현정도는 No treat에서 9.72%, sterile에서 10.13%이였고 14day 에서 10.27%, cryo 에서 13.39% 였다(P=0.1599). ICAM-1 표현정도는 No treat에서 15.02%, sterile에서 19.85%였고, 14day에서 35.33%, cryo에서 34.67% 로 증가하였다(P=0.001). 정상 Mouse에서 CD4$^{+}$, CD8$^{+}$ T-cell분포는 각각 42.13%, 25.57% 였고 CD4$^{+}$/CD8$^{+}$ ratio는 1.64였다. 동종동맥을 이식받은 Mouse의 정맥혈중 CD4$^{+}$ T-cell분포는 No treat군에서 1주에서 8주사이에 49.23% 에서 36.8%사이로 변화를 보이지 않았고(p=0.955), 2 day군에서는 30.36%로 감소하였고(p=0.0001), 7day군에서는 32.8%로 감소하였고(p=0.008), 14 day 군은 26.92%로 감소(p=0.0001), cryo군은 29.56%로 감소하였다(p=0.0018). CD8$^{+}$T-cell은 모든 군에서 1주에서 8주 사이에 42.32%에서 58.92%사이로 증가하였다(p=0.0001~0.0002). CD4$^{+}$/CD8$^{+}$ ratio는 모든 군에서 1주에 1.22 에서 2.28 사이에 있었으나 8주후에는 모든 군에서 0.47에서 0.95 사이로 감소하였다(p=0.0001). 즉, 보존처리된 동종동맥판의 내피세포는 보존처리과정의 초기에는 MHC class I과 II항원효과를 동시에 보이고, 보존기간이 길어지면서 MHC class II항원효과는 변함이 없으나 MHC class I 항원효과는 증가함을 알 수 있다. 또한 CD4$^{+}$ T-cell은 보존처리 기간 중 소폭의 변환를 보임에 반하여 CD8$^{+}$ T-cell은 보존처리된 기간에 관계없이 이식된 후 8주간에 걸쳐 지속적으로 증가함을 알 수 있다. 4$^{\circ}C$에 냉장보존한 군과 냉동보존한 군간에는 차이가 없었다. 이와같은 결과를 볼 때 동종동맥판을 체내에 이식할 경우 내피세포에 의한 MHC class I 항원효과가 지속적으로 유지되고 있음을 추측할 수 있다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2002

This study is designed to derive a cost estimation method for the management of green areas in apartment housing blocks. For this purpose, quantity of green areas, their usages, management techniques were analyzed through a survey of residents. In this process, contingent valuation method(CVM) is utilized to evaluate the cost of green areas. The survey was conducted for about two weeks in June of 2002. The amount of willingness to pay(WTP) for green area management is calculated by the CVM program. The findings are as follows; First, the residents want more green areas in their apartment blocks, as well as in the surrounding urban areas, due to the shortage of green areas in their living environments. Second, the residents' opinion on green area is summarized as that of natural environment protectionist - it helps living environment to be more amenable and contributes the preservation of urban and global environments. This fact can be interpreted as the peoples profound recognition toward green areas. Third, the contingent valuation method(CVM) is suitable to evaluate WTP for management costs of green areas. Fourth, more than half of the residents(61.6%) agreed upon the costs of green area supply and management. calculated by the CVM. Estimated WTP is ￦ 1,900~2,400 per month per household.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1301-1305
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• 2006

The development of rapid, infallible, and sensitive methods of detecting foodborne pathogens has received much impetus in recent years owing to an increased public awareness of the health hazards. For the rapid and simultaneous detection of these foodborne pathogens, a multiplex PCR method was developed. Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, and Shigella spp. are bacteria of concern because of their specific growing condition that enables them to live at low temperatures. In order to detect each pathogenic bacterium, specific primers from Y. enterocolitica, St. aureus, and Sh. flexneri were selected and validated successfully. To apply this method to food stored at low temperature, Y. enterocolitica, St. aureus, and Sh. flexneri were artificially inoculated in lettuce and incubated for enrichment. The multiplex PCR assays were able to simultaneously detect three pathogens, and the presence of three bands was observed at initial inoculation levels of approximately 1$\times$10$^1$ CFU/g in lettuce. Therefore, this method could be used for simultaneous detection of Y. enterocolitica, St. aureus, and Shigella spp. contaminated in lettuce during cultivation, transportation, preservation, and storage.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.57-60
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• 2008

This study investigated the results of insulation heat curing method using double layer bubble sheet in slab concrete and mass concrete in cold weather environment. First of all, when double bubble sheets are applied, it was shown that slab concrete was protected from early freezing by remaining between 6 and 15℃ even in case outside temperature drops -9℃ below zero until the 2nd day from piling, and in the case of mass concrete, with the maximum temperature difference between the center and surface less than 4℃, crack occurrence index was close to 2 and no hydration heat crack occurred by internal constraint. The insulation heat preservation curing method using the double bubble sheet applied in this field prevented early freezing owing to stable curing temperature management, deterring concrete strength development delay at low temperature, and obtained the needed strength. Also, it was proven that the method is highly effective and economic for cold weather concrete quality maintenance through curing cost reduction like construction period shortening and labor cost reduction, etc by reducing the process of temporary equipment installation and disassembling.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제30A권3호
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• pp.76-87
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• 1993

We present a self-consistent, 2-dimensional solution of the Poisson and Sch rodinger equation based on the finite difference method with a nonuniform mesh size for a AlGaAs/GaInAs/GaAs HEMT devide. During the interative self-consistent calculation, however, we calculate Schrodinger equation only a some region of device, not a fully region in order to save the moemory and the speed-up of computation, and then use the approximated data for the other region using by a interpolation method with a given values. Also we adopt the proper matrix transformation method that allows preservation of the symmetric, form of the discretized Schrodinger equation, even with the use of a nonumiform mesh size, therefor, can reduce the computation time. We calculate the wavefunction, eigenstates and the electron concentration uat channel layer nder the thermal equilibrium and the biased conditions, respectively. Also,these parameters are used to solve 2-dimensional tdistribution of potential in he entire region of device. It is proved that the method is very efficient in finding eigenstages extending over relatively large spatial area without loss of accuracy. So, it can be used rather easily in any sarbitrary modulation doped utucture.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
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• pp.83-85
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• 2011

This study investigated the results of insulation heat curing method using double layer bubble sheet in concrete in cold weather environment. First of all, when double bubble sheets are applied, it was shown that concrete was protected from early freezing by remaining between 7℃ and 3℃ even in case outside temperature drops -7℃ below zero until the 3d day from piling. The insulation heat preservation curing method using the double bubble sheet applied in this field prevented early freezing owing to stable curing temperature management, deterring concrete strength development delay at low temperature, and obtained the needed strength. Also, it was proven that the method is highly effective and economic for cold weather concrete quality maintenance through curing cost reduction like construction period shortening and labor cost reduction, etc by reducing the process of temporary equipment installation and disassembling.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

Pro-environmental life styles, foundations of a collective civilization and preservation of our tradition at rural communities hold a great public profit value, of which importance has been strongly emphasized during last decade. Here, the environmental color is one of the most influential elements that determine the image of the rural landscape. Whenever an alternative color element is introduced to rural town, it is very important to examine its effect on the existing environmental color. Typically, a preference-surveying method has been used to evaluate the suitability of such environmental color balance. However, we note that the reliability of this method is limited by the subjectivity of a respondent. And thus, it is highly desirable to develop a more objective method. We propose a feasibility study for using an aesthetic-measure to evaluate the environmental color of a rural town. In this work, we looked into the validity of our approach by comparing its result with that of the preference-based-method as a way to determine the environmental color. Our study is based on 20 photo images from Ansung-city Yangsung-myeon Donghang 2ri Kyo-dong town in Kyongki Province.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 학계
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• pp.25-28
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• 2009

This study investigated the results of insulation heat curing method using double layer bubble sheet in slab concrete in cold weather environment. First of all, when double bubble sheets are applied, it was shown that slab concrete was protected from early freezing by remaining between 5 and $l0^{\circ}C$ even in case outside temperature drops $-11^{\circ}C$ below zero until the 4nd day from piling. The insulation heat preservation curing method using the double bubble sheet applied in this field prevented early freezing owing to stable curing temperature management, deterring concrete strength development delay at low temperature, and obtained the needed strength. Also, it was proven that the method is highly effective and economic for cold weather concrete quality maintenance through curing cost reduction like construction period shortening and labor cost reduction, etc by reducing the process of temporary equipment installation and disassembling.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a kimchi recipe for immunity enhancement using snow crab, which has high food value in the era of COVID-19. Research design, data and methodology: The snow crab kimchi manufacturing method of this study includes the steps of preparing a kimchi seasoning containing snow crab seasoning and chitosan powder. Kimchi seasoning is made by adding 5 parts by weight of crab seasoning and 1 part by weight of chitosan powder to 100 parts by weight of the basic kimchi seasoning prepared by mixing radish, minced garlic, minced ginger, onion juice, anchovy sauce, red pepper powder and glutinous rice paste. Results: It was possible to develop new flavors, possibilities and characteristics of snow crab kimchi by extending the health and functional effects, taste, and preservation period without significantly changing the unique manufacturing method, taste and function of kimchi, including snow crab. Conclusions: Snow crab kimchi was excellent in taste and aroma while enhancing the health functions of the body, such as improving people's immunity. The developed snow crab kimchi manufacturing method can not only improve people's health, but also expand the choice of preference for kimchi taste and shelf life.