• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.831-849
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• 2015

Seismic-design procedures for walls require that the confinement in the critical (plastic hinge) regions should extend over a length in the compression zone of the cross section at the wall base where concrete strains in the Ultimate Limit State (ULS) exceed the limit of 0.0035. In a performance-based framework, confinement is linked to required curvature ductility so that the drift demand at the performance point of the structure for the design earthquake may be met. However, performance of flexural walls in the recent earthquakes in Chile (2010) and Christchurch (2011) indicates that the actual compression strains in the critical regions of many structural walls were higher than estimated, being responsible for several of the reported failures by toe crushing. In this study, the method of estimating the confined region and magnitude of compression strain demands in slender walls are revisited. The objective is to account for a newly identified kinematic interaction between the normal strains that arise in the compression zone, and the lumped rotations that occur at the other end of the wall base due to penetration of bar tension yielding into the supporting anchorage. Design charts estimating the amount of yield penetration in terms of the resulting lumped rotation at the wall base are used to quantify the increased demands for compression strain in the critical section. The estimated strain increase may exceed by more than 30% the base value estimated from the existing design expressions, which explains the frequently reported occurrence of toe crushing even in well confined slender walls under high drift demands. Example cases are included in the presentation to illustrate the behavioral parametric trends and implications in seismic design of walls.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.693-707
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• 2015

The efficiency of wind turbines (WT) is primarily reflected in their ability to generate electricity at any time. Downtimes of WTs due to "conventional" inspections are cost-intensive and undesirable for investors. For this reason, there is a need for structural health monitoring (SHM) systems, to enable service and maintenance on demand and to increase the inspection intervals. In general, monitoring increases the cost effectiveness of WTs. This publication concentrates on the application of two vibration-based SHM algorithms for stability and structural change monitoring of offshore WTs. Only data driven, output-only algorithms based on stochastic subspace identification (SSI) in time domain are considered. The centerpiece of this paper deals with the rough mathematical description of the dynamic behavior of offshore WTs and with the basic presentation of stochastic subspace-based algorithms and their application to these structures. Due to the early stage of the industrial application of SHM on offshore WT on the one side and the required confidentiality to the plant manufacturer and operator on the other side, up to now it is not possible to analyze different isolated structural damages resp. changes in a systematic manner, directly by means of in-situ measurement and to make these "acknowledgements" publicly available. For this reason, the sensitivity of the methods for monitoring purposes are demonstrated through their application on long time measurements from a 1:10 large scale test rig of an offshore WT under different conditions: undamaged, different levels of loosened bolt connections between tower parts, different levels of fouling, scouring and structure inclination. The limitation and further requirements for the approaches and their applicability on real foundations are discussed along the paper.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.3.2-3.2
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• 2011

In recent years, inkjet printing technology has received significant attention as a micro/nanofabrication technique for flexible printing of electronic circuits and solar cells, as well for biomaterial patterning. It eliminates the need for physical masks, causes fewer environment problems, lowers fabrication costs, and offers good layer-to-layer registration. To fulfill the requirements for use in the above applications, however, the inkjet system must meet certain criteria such as high frequency jetting, uniform droplet size, high density nozzle array, etc. Existing inkjet devices are either based on thermal bubbles or piezoelectric pumping; they have several drawbacks for flexible printing. For instance, thermal bubble jetting has limitations in terms of size and density of the nozzle array as well as the ejection frequency. Piezoelectric based devices suffer from poor pumping energy in addition to inadequate ejection frequency. Recently, an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technique has been suggested and proposed as an alternative to thermal bubble or piezoelectric devices. In EHD jetting, a liquid (ink) is pumped through a nozzle and a strong electric field is applied between the nozzle and an extractor plate, which induce charges at the surfaces of the liquid meniscus. This electric field creates an electric stress that stretches the meniscus in the direction of the electric field. Once the electric field force is larger than the surface tension force, a liquid droplet is formed. An EHD inkjet head can produce droplets smaller than the size of the nozzle that produce them. Furthermore, the EHD nano-inkjet can eject high viscosity liquid through the nozzle forming tiny structures. These unique features distinguish EHD printing from conventional methods for sub-micron resolution printing. In this presentation, I will introduce the recent research results regarding the EHD nano-inkjet and the printing system, which has been applied to solar cell or thin film transistor applications.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2017

효율적인 예측 분석을 위해서는 문제를 스스로 인식하고 진단하여 시스템이 자율적으로 복구가 가능한 자가 치유 연구가 필요하다. 그러나, 소프트웨어를 개발하는데 있어서 외부상황에 따른 정형화된 컨텍스트 정보 분석 및 적절한 표현 구조를 제시하지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 목표 시나리오를 기반으로 행위 요소, 데이터, 트랜잭션이 가능한 기능들에 대해 추출 규칙을 적용하여 변경 내용에 따른 예측 분석 방법을 제안한다. 그리고, 요구사항 목표 달성을 위한 성과지표를 통해 예측 분석 내용이 얼마나 부합되었는지 평가하였다. 제안한 방법이 기존 방법들에 비해 성과측정을 통한 부합 결과는 최고 32.8% 높았고, 이에 따른 오차율은 28.9%, 변경 코드는 최고 45.8%가 감소되었다. 이는 목표 시나리오 기반 컨텍스트 규칙을 통해 서비스 가능한 형태로 가공할 수 있음을 보여주며, 문제 발생에 대한 변경 내용을 예측 분석을 통한 성능의 확장이 가능함을 보여준다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.173-176
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• 2011

해양분야의 새로운 패러다임으로 논의되고 있는 e-navigation 정책의 핵심은 공간적으로 연속된 정보의 제공 기술과 제공될 정보의 수집, 분석, 표현 기술이라 할 수 있으며, 핵심 구성요소로 해상통신 서비스의 연속적인 제공을 위해서는 기존 통신 장비와 앞으로 요구되는 광대역 통신 장비 간에 Seamless한 통신 서비스가 제공될 수 있어야 한다. 이를 위해서 SDR 기술을 통한 다중모드 해상 무선통신 지원이 필요하며, 원거리 통신의 주요 기술 중 하나인 위성통신망을 독자적으로 보유하지 못한 우리나라의 현실을 감안할 때, 기존 지상파 무선통신 기술을 e-navigation 체계 내에 도입하여 활용할 수 있도록 관련 기술과 적용 방안이 필요하다. 본고에서는 해상무선통신 기술 및 서비스 제공 체계 분석을 통하여 해상 무선통신 기술 특성을 파악하고, SDR 제공 플랫폼의 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 구조 분석을 통하여 해상무선통신 다중모드 운영을 위한 SDR 적용 범위를 도출하였으며, 향후 SDR 기반 해상 통신시스템 플랫폼 제공 방안을 도출하고자 한다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.184-200
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to develop instructional activity support model for capstone design in order for improving creative engineering education. To do this, having extracted the core idea of capstone design, and elicited core learning activity process, and grasped core supportive factors according to each core learning activity process that elicited, an improved instructional design model for capstone design was then developed through formative evaluation with respect to the draft of the instructional system development model for capstone design. As to major research methods, case analysis, requirements analysis through interview, and formative evaluation by experts were employed, and then research studies were undertaken. The formative evaluation by experts was carried out for two hours in 2007, and the experts participated in the evaluation consisted of total 6 persons: two specialists of capstone design contents, two professionals in field works, and two expert instructional designers in education engineering. Interview results had been reflected in this research when developing final instructional design model for capstone design. The core learning activity process of the final instructional design model for caption design, which developed in this research, comprises following stages: (1) Team building $\rightarrow$ (2) Integrated meeting between industry and academy $\rightarrow$ (3) Analysis of tasks $\rightarrow$ (4) Clarification of tasks $\rightarrow$(5) Seeking solutions for issues $\rightarrow$ (6) Eliciting priority of solutions $\rightarrow$ (7) Designing solutions and construction $\rightarrow$ (8) Exhibiting outcomes and presentation $\rightarrow$(9) Gaining comprehensive insights Also, in the core learning activity process, supportive factors that support implementation of each step were presented having been categorized into facilitator (teacher, and professionals in field works), learner and tool, etc.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1587-1590
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• 2015

Background: Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent type of adult leukemia. The Rai and Binet staging systems have been well recognized as standards for assessing the treatment requirements and overall survival in CLL patients. However, there is a need to seek newer prognostic markers to identify stable or progressive forms of CLL that will facilitate risk-adapted treatment strategies. Currently a molecular biomarker ZAP-70 has attracted interest as providing prognostic information in CLL patients. Objective: To determine the frequency of ZAP-70 positivity in B-CLL patients at disease presentation. Materials and Methods: From January 2011 to September 2014, 89 patients were diagnosed to have chronic lymphoid leukemia. Complete blood count was done on an automated analyzer (Cell Dyne, Abott Architect, USA), while immunophenotyping was conducted for each patient to establish the diagnosis of the disease. ZAP-70 expression was evaluated by flow cytometry. Data were compiled and analyzed by SPSS version 21. Results: Out of the total of 89 B-CLL patients, 62 (69.7%) were male and 27 (30.3%) were females with a male to female ratio of 2:1. The mean age was $57.5{\pm}12.1years$. The frequency of ZAP-70 positivity in our B-CLL patients was found to be 13.5%. ZAP-70 positivity was significantly correlated with stage III disease and high absolute lymphocytic count (P<0.05). No correlation of ZAP-70 could be established with age and gender (p>0.05). Conclusions: The frequency of ZAP-70 in our patients appears low. It is approximately half that in international data. We would recommend to screen all the newly diagnosed patients with CLL for ZAP-70 protein expression for risk stratification, family counseling and to predict overall survival.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2008년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.658-662
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• 2008

기존에는 다양한 경로를 통해 얻은 데이터의 분석이 숫자, 문자의 표현이나 2차원 형태로도 충분했었다. 그러나 오늘날의 사용자들은 컴퓨터 그래픽스 기술의 발달로 인해 다양한 형태의 사용자 인터페이스를 접하게 되었고, 이로 인해 요구사항은 갈수록 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 초기의 프로그램은 데이터 분석을 위한 기능적인 측면에 중점을 두었으나 오늘날의 사용자들은 시각적, 감성적 느낌을 충족시킬 수 있으며, 즉각적인 분석이 가능한 화면을 요구하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 2차원, 3차원 형태의 그래프, 소리, 애니메이션 등 다양한 형태의 멀티미디어 데이터 구현이 가능한 WPF/E에 대해 알아보고, 이를 활용한 효율적인 콘텐츠 제작 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.599-605
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• 2012

선박의 대형화와 고속화에 따라, 발전된 안전운항 기술에 대한 요구가 최근 크게 늘어나고 있으며, 그 중, 해상 부표는 교통 안전정보를 제공하는 해상교통 분야의 주요 장비이다. 해상부표를 새롭게 설계하거나 설치 시, 안전성과 견고함을 판단하기 위해서 사전 검증은 반드시 필요한 과정이다. 본 논문은 새로운 해상 부표의 설계에 대해, 외부 환경 요소의 변화에 따른 설계물의 반응을 컴퓨터상에서 미리 보여주기 위한 프로그램을 구현했다. 즉, 외부 영향요소 즉, 바람, 파도 및 조류 값의 변화에 따라 설계물이 반응하는 결과를 시각적으로 보여준다. 특히, 영향요소 및 기능의 확장을 고려하여, 프로그램 내부 설계에 소프트웨어적 부품 개념을 도입한 아키텍처를 구성했다. 본 논문에서 지향하는 시각적 프로그래밍과 소프트웨어적 부품개념을 동시에 지원할 수 있는 그래픽 툴로써 Quest3D를 이용했다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2017

이론적으로 분산 비동기 통신 환경에서 공통믿음 또는 공통지식의 형성은 불가능하다고 받아들여져 왔으나, 서로 신뢰하는 에이전트 그룹에서는 비동기 통신을 사용하더라도 데드라인이 있는 명제들은 공통믿음이 될 수 있고 이를 바탕으로 한 추론이 가능함을 보여준다. 일반적으로 멀티에이전트 환경에서 공통믿음의 형성은 통신의 문제로 접근하며 통신 시간의 제약이 없는 시스템 상에서는 공통믿음이 형성되지 않는다는 공통믿음 역설 문제를 느슨한 정밀도를 적용하고 필요한 요구조건을 완화시켜 공통믿음을 형성 할 수 있음을 카카오톡 채팅방 모델을 통해 확인한다. 또한 카카오톡 채팅방 모델의 각 에이전트에 추론 기능을 구현하여 생성된 공통믿음을 알고 있는지에 관한 질의를 통해 공통믿음임을 확인하는 추론 기능을 실험하였다. 분산 멀티에이전트 환경에서 공통믿음의 표현과 추론을 메타논리 프로그래밍으로 형식화하였으며, 카카오톡 채팅방 모델을 통해 비동기 통신을 사용하는 분산 에이전트 그룹이 공통믿음을 형성할 수 있음을 실험적으로 보였다.