• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.84-96
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 주의력결핍 과잉활동 증상으로 진단한 5${\sim}$10세의 남자아동 15명과 그 어머니와의 상호행동을 녹화하여 Mash, Terdal과 Anderson(1973)의 반응유목 행렬표(Response Class Matrix)를 이용하여 평가한 후, 이들의 상호행동 양상과 아동, 어머니의 특성들과의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 이와함께 이들에게 중추신경각성제인 Methylphenidate를 1일 몸무게 기준 0.5mg을 한 달간 투약하여 치료 전파 치료 후 모-자 상호행동 양상을 비교하였다. 그 결과 아동과 어머니의 부정적 상호행동은 서로 상관이 높으며, 양자의 상호행동에 일관되게 상관이 높은 변인은 아동의 인지적, 행동적 증상의 심각성으로 아동의 증상이 심할수록 부정적인 모-자 상호행동이 두드러졌다. 그리고, 한달간의 약물치료 후 과제수행단계에서 아동과 어머니 모두 부정적-공격적 행동이 감소하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 어머니의 부정적 상호행동은 아동의 인지적, 행동적 증상에 따른 반응적인 것임을 시사하고 있다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 1991

We reviewed 15 cases of mesothelioma of the pleura, of which three cases were localized benign form and 12 cases were malignant diffuse form. The tumors were distributed equally in both sexes, and occured most commonly in fifth to seventh decades. The history of exposure to asbestos was present in only one case. The chief complaints were mainly chest pain and dyspnea. Associated symptoms were cough, sputum, hemoptysis, weight loss, anorexia, chill. On physical examination, unilateral, decreased breathing sound was main feature. The simple chest radiograph showed masses in all localized mesotheliomas (100%) and in 2 diffuse mesotheliomas (17%). 8 cases of diffuse mesotheliomas (67%) showed unilateral pleural effusions. Pleural effusions were mainly bloody (67%), and almost all were exudates. In all localized mesotheliomas, final diagnosis was made by open thoracotomy. In diffuse mesotheliomas, final diagnosis was made by open thoracotomy in 7 cases, chest wall mass biopsy in 2 cases, thoracoscopic biopsy in 1 case, pleural biopsy in 1 case, and pleural biopsy combined with axillary lymph node biopsy in 1 case. Localized mesotheliomas were treated by simple excision with good prognosis. In diffuse mesotheliomas, surgical treatment (pleuropneumonectomy, pleurectomy), chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, alone or in combination, were used with dismal prognosis. The prognostic factors were not found due to the small number of cases, incomplete follow up, and early drop out.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.473-478
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• 2006

저자들은 폐암 및 항암치료에 의한 만성 질환으로 유발된 중등도의 빈혈이 있어 농축적혈구의 수혈치료 후 발생한 호흡곤란 및 발열 호소하여 다른 원인 감별 후 수혈에 의해 유발된 급성 폐 손상 진단하에 대증치료후 환자의 증상은 호전되었다. 이러한 수혈에 의해 유발된 급성 폐 손상은 그간 국내에서 보고 된 적이 없었던 증례로 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2014

목적 본 연구에서는 국내에서 보고된 유머와 관련된 간호연구의 동향을 분석하고, 이를 고찰, 비평, 탐색, 논의하여 의미 있는 결과를 통합함으로써 유머와 관련된 간호연구의 속성을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 통해 궁극적으로는 아동을 대상으로 간호현장에서 유머중재 프로그램 개발의 과학적인 근거와 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 방법 본 연구는 최근 20년간 유머와 관련된 국내 간호연구논문을 통합적 고찰 방법으로 분석한 문헌고찰 연구이다. 결과 유머와 관련된 국내 간호연구논문 13편을 객관적이고 체계적으로 고찰하여 유머와 관련된 간호의 속성을 긴장완화를 위한 구체적인 도구의 사용, 즐거운 기분 유발로서 환자의 증상 완화, 유머를 활용한 간호사의 직무만족과 업무향상이라는 세 가지로 도출하였다. 결론 본 연구를 통해, 유머는 스트레스, 질병 등의 위기상황에 놓인 아동을 도울 수 있는 간호중재로서 가치가 있을 것으로 고려된다. 따라서 임상상황에서 간호사들이 아동간호 시, 유머의 기능을 충분히 활용한다면 대상자의 안녕과 건강증진에 긍정적인 결과를 가져 올 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한 유머란 개인마다 차이가 있으며 시대와 사회 문화적 특성에 따라 끊임없이 변화되고 발달되어 간다는 점에서 이에 대한 계속적인 연구가 이루어질 필요가 있다고 생각한다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-39
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• 1998

The clinical data and thermographic imaging were analyzed on the 100 cases of Bell's palsy who were treated in the Kwang-Ju Oriental Medical Hospita! of Wonkwang University from February to October 1997. All the cases were taken Digital Infrared Thermograph Imaging(DITI) before treatment and 30 cases of them were taken follow up imaging again after recovery. And the following results were obtained. 1. Of 100 cases, under teenager occupied $1\%,\;teenager\;8\%,\;2nd\;decade\;14\%,\;3rd\;decade\;11\%,\;4th\;decade\;16\%,\;5th\;decade\;26\%,\;6th\;decade\;16\%,\;7th\;decade\;7\%\;and\;over\;80\;occupied\;1\%$. 2. Male occupied $48\%$ and female occupied $52\%$. 3. $42\%\;of\;male\;and\;23\%$ of female had the affected side at left side. And right facial nerve palsy occured at $29\%\;of\;male\;and\;29\%$ of female. 4. The most common cause of Bell's palsy was cold wind $18\%$, and the next were excessive labor $15\%,\;stress\;12\%,drinking\;2\%\;and\;cold\;food\;1\%$. 5. Thermal pattern were present as hyperthermal pattern in $44\%$ and hypothermal pattern in $22\%$. 6. The DITI showed hyperthermal pattern as close as to the onset day and changes to hypothermal pattern as times passed. 7. The DITI pattern and post-auricular pain, the most common prodomal syndrome, showed no significant relationship. 8. The relationship between the grade of paralysis and thermal patttern of DITI showed no significance. 9. Mean temperature of loci in affected side indicrtted $30.27^{\circ}C\;at\;Yang\;baek,\;30.02^{\circ}C\;at\;Taeyang,\;29.25^{\circ}C\;at\;Geoyo,\;29.62^{\circ}C\;at\;Jichang,\;29.78^{\circ}C\;at\;Hakwan,\;29.61^{\circ}C\;at\;Hyupgeo,\;and\;30.59^{\circ}C$at Yeopoong. 10. Mean temperature of loci in unaffected side showed $30.16^{\circ}C\;at\;Yang\;baek,\;30.02^{\circ}C\;at\;Taeyang,\;29.61^{\circ}C\;at\;Geoyo,\;29.68^{\circ}C\;at\;Jichang,\;29.70^{\circ}C\;at\;Hakwan,\;29.57^{\circ}C\;at\;Hyupgeo,\;and\;29.89^{\circ}C$at Yeopoong. 11. Of 30 cases who were taken follow up imaging again after recovery, the relationship between delta T at loci and symptoms showed no significance. It should be needed further investigation in order to apply them for clinical evaluation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

Background: In previous study, most patients with bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF) were non-miners, and non-occupational old aged females. However, the clinical significance of BAF in patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is unknown. Methods: Among patients with CWP who transferred to our hospital for an evaluation of associated pulmonary diseases, 32 patients who had undergone a bronchofibroscopy (BFS) and chest computed tomography (CT) examination were evaluated for the association of the BAF using a retrospective chart review. Results: Nine of the 32 CWP patients (28%) were complicated with BAF. Four of the 16 simple CWP patients (25%) were complicated with BAF. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO) classification by profusion, 2 out of 3 patients in category 1, 1 out of 8 patients in category 2 and 1 out of 3 patients in category 3 were complicated with BAF. Five out of 16 complicated CWP patients were complicated with BAF. Three out of 7 patients in type A and 2 out of 5 patients in type C were complicated with BAF. CWP patients with BAF had significantly greater multiple bronchial thickening and multiple mediastinal or hilar lymph node enlargement than the CWP patients without BAF. There was no difference in the other clinical features between the CWP patients with BAF and those without BAF. Conclusion: Many CWP patients were complicated with BAF. The occurrence of BAF was not associated with the severity of CWP progression. Therefore, a careful evaluation of the airway with a bronchoscopy examination and chest CT is warranted for BAF complicated CWP patients who present with respiratory symptoms and signs, even ILO class category 1 simple CWP patients.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.319-334
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• 1995

To investigate the risk factors of low back pain, an epidemiological study was carried out among male workers aged 20-55 employed in an automobile industry in Korea during the time period from February 1993 to October 1995. Workers participated to this study were divided into low back pain group(LBP) and control group, according to the self-reports by written questionnaires. General characteristics, medical history, work related factors, fatigue, and MMPI were compared between two groups. To clarify the relationship between job related low back pain and radiologic features of lumbar spine, radiographic study was carried out. The resultant data were processed for $x^2-test$, t-test, and stepwise logistic regression to confirm the adjusted odds ratios. The results were as follows: 1. History of back disease, lifting and carrying work, excessive physical fatigue, and weakend back strength of individual workers were directly associated with low back pain. Odd ratios of these 4 risk factors of low back pain were 5.07, 3.34, 1.49, and 1.22 respectively. 2. The frequency of low back pain history was significantly higher in LBP group. 3. Back muscle strength of lumbar spine of LBP group were significantly lower than control group. 4. The workers in LBP group revealed high fatigue symptoms. 5. In MMPI test LBP group showed higher scales in hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychopathic deviate, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizophrenia, and hypomania. 6. LBP group were more frequently involved in lifting and carrying, working in awkward position, bending, twisting and using lower extremities. 7. LBP group were exposed more to vibration during working. 8. In the Analysis of radiographs of lumbar spine, Jacob's line not crossing fourth lumhar disc space, transitional vertebrae and lumbar displacement more than 4.4mm in standing lateral view were more frequently observed in LBP group than control group. Through these results, it is concluded that identification of previous history of back problem, change of work or working environment for workers with previous back problem and measures to relieve both physical and psychological fatigue of the workers are required for optimal management of work-related back problems among workers. In the present study, several results were different from the previous reports: Jacob's line not corssing fourth lumbar disc space, lumbarization, and vertebral slipping (spondylolisthesis) more than 4.4mm are related to backache. Meticulous studies are required to elucidate the difference.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.153-164
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• 1995

Sympathomimetic amines, especially ephedrine, are a major ingredient in proprietary medications for symptomatic treatment of upper respiratory infections. Their frequent uses can lead to occasional instances of abuse and habituation. The clinical symptoms of ephedrine abuse are similar to that of amphetamine psychosis and resemble closely that of schizophrenia. Because both amphetamine psychosis and schizophrenia are thought to be mediated primarily through the action on catecholamines, ephedrine-induced changes of the biogenic amines can be suspected. However, there were few studies about the central effects of ephedrine because of the milder central action than peripheral. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to elucidate the relations between the effects of single or repeated administration of ephedrine on the regional levels of biogenic amines in rat brain and ephedrine-induced CNS stimulation. The male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $100{\sim}200\;g$ were used. After single or repeated administrations of ephedrine, blocks of tissue were obtained from frontal cortex, corpus striatum, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, substantia nigra and cerebellum. The concentration of biogenic amines(norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)) and their metabolites (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid(HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA)) were measured by means of high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD). The results obtained were as follows: 1) In the normal rat, the concentration of norepinephrine was the highest in hypothalamus. Dopamine, DOPAC and HVA were highest in corpus striatum, and 5-HT and 5-HIAA were highest in substantia nigra. Epinephrine was not detectable in any part of the brain tissue. 2) In a single administration of ephedrine, the concentration of DOPAC was decreased in corpus striatum. However, the other biogenic amines and their metabolites were not changed. 3) In repeated administration of ephedrine, the concentration of norepinephrine was decreased in all brain region checked. Dopamine was decreased in corpus striatum and substantia nigra and, increased in hypothalamus, and HVA was decreased in corpus striatum. 5-HT was decreased in all brain region except cerebellum and, 5-HIAA was decreased only in frontal cortex. The ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT was increased in corpus striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus and substantia nigra. These data indicated that, although a single administration of ephedrine did not change the central neurotransmitters, repeated administration of ephedrine caused the decreases of norepinephrine and 5-HT in the most regions of brain, which may be responsible for the emergence of abnormal behavioral effect after ephedrine abuse.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제15B권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

최근 IT 서비스 발달과 함께 고장제어, 고장의 원인분석 등의 복잡한 문제에 대하여 적합한 해결책을 제시할 수 있는 효과적인 진단시스템의 필요성이 커지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 지능형 진단 시스템분야에서의 시스템의 성능을 향상시키고, 최적의 진단을 수행하고자 사례기반추론과 인공신경망을 혼합한 지능형 진단 시스템을 제안 한다. 사례기반추론은 과거의 사례(경험)를 통해 현재의 제시된 문제를 해결하는 추론방식으로, 지식 획득이 덜 복잡하고, 정형화되기 어려운 규칙이나 문제영역이 불분명한 분야를 효율적으로 추론할 수 있다. 하지만 사례기반추론만을 이용해 추론된 사례는 증상에 대해 다수의 원인을 추론하게 된다. 이때 추론된 증상에 따른 다수의 원인은 동일한 가중치를 가져 불필요한 원인까지 진단해야 하는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 인공신경망의 오류역전파 학습 알고리즘을 이용하여 증상에 대한 원인들의 쌍을 학습 시킨 후 각각의 증상에 대한 원인의 가중치를 구해 제시된 증상에 대해 가장 발생 가능성이 높은 원인을 찾아내어, 보다 명확하고 신뢰성 있는 진단을 하는 데 그 목적이 있다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제5권7호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2016

어플리케이션의 구매 결정 소요시간이 짧은 동시에 구매 취소 역시 간편한 모바일 앱의 속성을 고려했을 때, 사용 편리성은 모바일 앱이 제공해야 할 다양한 품질 요소들 중 상위의 우선순위를 가지는 요소라 할 수 있다. 이러한 배경에서 모바일 앱 개발자들은 앱의 상품성을 저하시키는 사용성 저해 요소를 여러 가지 측면에서 최소화시키는데 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 모바일 앱의 사용 편리성을 저해하는 대부분의 요소는 GUI 설계시에 발생되는 잠재적인 오류들로부터 기인한다. 우리는 앞선 연구에서 사용자 행위 로그를 이용한 모바일 앱의 사용성 분석 기법을 제안한 바 있다. 본 논문에서는 앞선 연구 결과를 토대로 사용자 행위로그를 유한 상태 모델로 표현하고, 여러 명의 사용자로부터 추출된 사용자 행위모델을 병합하여 설계자의 의도가 반영된 설계 행위모델과 비교해 나감으로써, 체계적으로 모바일 앱의 GUI 모델상에 잠재된 사용성 저해 요소 검출해 내는 기법을 제안하고 있다. 또한 기존 개발자들이 사용성 오류 검출을 위해 행해왔던 반복적인 테스트 작업의 부담을 줄이기 위해, 본 논문에서는 제안 된 기법의 자동화가 가능하도록 하는 사용성 오류검출 자동화 도구를 함께 제안하고 있다. 제안된 기법과 도구의 효용성은 실제 오픈 소스 앱 개발자들에 의해 제기된 GUI 이슈 리포트와 제안된 기법에 의해 검출된 이상징후들 간의 비교를 통해 논의하고 있다.