• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

Purpose - Augmented reality (AR) content used in mobile media today can accommodate a wide variety of contextual information. This indicates that making people experience a sense of presence and flow is a very significant factor in augmented reality content. Flow represents a rich immersion potential as representing the progress of emotion and the means to facilitate the operation of the smart phone. Therefore, users will have friendly relational continuance behavior with products and brands that supply this experience. Based on that, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among smart phone AR application traits, presence, flow experience, and relational continuance behavior. First, AR application traits are defined as three categories sensory immersion, navigation, and manipulation, based on preceding studies. This study then examines the influence of AR application traits on the presence and flow experience and looks into the relation among presence, flow experience, and relational continuance behavior. This analysis suggests more detailed and concentrated strategic implications. Research design, data, and methodology - A research model is designed to examine the relation among AR application traits, presence, flow experience, and relational continued behavior. For data collection, questionnaire surveys were composed of multi-items for each component and the direct interview method was used for the interviews. To collect the data, after running the smart phone AR applications, the consumer behaviors of the respondents were generally determined. The questionnaire surveys were conducted for one month, October 2014. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed with 278 questionnaires used for analysis, excluding the unanswered and insincere questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.0 and LISREL ver. 8.51. Results - The following results are found: First, AR application traits have a significantly positive effect on presence with sensory immersion, navigation, and manipulation all having a significantly positive effect. Second, sensory immersion and manipulation among the AR application traits have a significantly positive effect on flow. However, navigation did not have a significantly positive effect on flow. Third, presence has a significantly positive effect on flow and has a significantly positive effect on relational continuance behavior. Moreover, flow also has a significantly positive effect on relational continuance behavior. This behavior tends to be formed since brands want to encourage relational continuance behavior and positive emotions with the brands being used. Relational continuance behavior accompanies repeat purchasing, positive word-of-mouth and recommendation activities, and forms of trust with the brand. Conclusions - The research results showed that smart phone AR traits had significantly positive effect on presence, flow, and relational continuance behavior. Based on this, smart phone AR application providers should establish an aggressive marketing strategy to accommodate more realistic problems in order to positively influence user behavior. Additionally, the marketers should make efforts to provide fun or convenience in the AR application operation process of the user.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.357-372
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• 2016

Purpose: The paper aims to measure customer experience at banks in South Korea. This study examines six factors of customer experience and identifies their impacts on customer loyalty. Methods: The collected data with surveys were analyzed by using multi-regression analysis. The measurement tools used for this study were categorized into six dimensions: Customization, Employees, Servicescape, Internet Banking, Value addition, and the Presence of other customers. Results: Customer experience has an influence on customer satisfaction: The effects of Customization, Employees, Servicescape, Internet Banking and Value addition were found. However, the presence of other customers was not significant on customer satisfaction. Interestingly, it was found that customer satisfaction made a statistically significant influence on customer loyalty. Conclusion: This study focuses on a bank sector of customer experience. Thus, six factors of measuring customer experience were found. The results of this study will predict customers' experience and also build up effective strategies for the utmost satisfaction of the customers.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analysis the influence of personal backgrounds on the preference of fishing village experience recreation villages. As the analysis method, binary logistic regression analysis was used. Dependent variables are experience recreation villages (rural and fishing). The independent variables consist of 9 groups of people: gender, age, family type, marital status, presence of children, principal companion, fishing village image, visit experience villages, recognition of fishing village experience recreation village. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the tourist's gender, age, family type, marital status, presence of children, principal companion, fishing village image, visit experience villages, recognition of fishing village experience recreation village influence the preference of fishing village experience recreation village. By characteristics of each group, it was found that male prefer fishing village experience recreation villages 1.597 times as much as female, and those with a positive image about fishing villages prefer fishing village experience recreation villages as much as 2.644 times than those with negative images. In addition, it was found that those who visited the fishing village experience and recreation village prefer the fishing village experience village about six times more than those who have never visited.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2305-2327
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• 2022

Recent improvements in technology have increased the consumption of virtual reality (VR) contents on immersive displays. The VR experience depends on the type of displays as well as the quality of VR contents. However, research on the impacts of VR content quality on VR experience and comparisons among different types of immersive display devices are lacking. In this study, VR contents created with our VR framework, are provided to participants on conventional two-dimensional (2D) immersive displays and VR headset. The geometric alignment of VR contents is improved with the addition of two calibration modes (i.e. preprocessing and straightening). The subjective feelings of presence and cybersickness experienced by participants while consuming VR contents created by our framework and commercial solutions are recorded in the form of questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that the improvements in VR quality lead to a better presence and less cybersickness in both conventional 2D displays and VR headset. Furthermore, the level of presence and cybersickness increases in VR headsets as compared to conventional 2D displays. Finally, the VR content quality improvements lead to a better VR experience for our VR framework as compared to commercial solutions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.223-237
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the presence and transportation of the experience of seeing a musical upon satisfaction and verify the mediating effect of emotional responses. For this study, the researcher surveyed the audiences of a musical and analyzed the response from 339 participants. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The findings of this study are as follows; First, the presence and transportation of the experience of seeing a musical had a significant impact on emotional responses. Second, the presence and transportation in the experience of seeing a musical had a significant impact on satisfaction. Third, the emotional responses to the musical had a significant impact on satisfaction. Fourth, emotional responses were shown to have a mediating effect in the relationship between the presence and transportation of the experience and the satisfaction with it. As the share of online performances in performing art industries is increasing and the paradigm of seeing a performance is changing, this study implies that it provided a set of basic data for the industry and producers of such events, who are now seeking a new profit model through not only in-person events but also online performances in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.430-440
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the coping experience of nursing students in clinical practice. Methods: In-depth interview was done with semi-structured questionnaire on 32 nursing students taking clinical practice. Data was analyzed through the grounded theory. Results: Core category of coping experience of nursing students was 'trying to be a meaningful presence' while clinical practice. Students' coping strategies were 'overcoming inexperience', 'receiving the recognition from the clinical instructors', and 'governing mind and body'. Helping components for their coping behaviors were 'support from people', 'personal experience before clinical practice', 'dynamics with partners'. Through the coping experience during clinical practice, nursing students became mature and confirmed their identities as student nurses. Conclusion: Nursing students taking clinical practice tried to be a meaningful presence.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.119-134
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• 1998

Among several theories to explain how different communication media affect task performance, media richness theory(MRT) is one of the most frequently cited. Recent studies related to the use of communication media, however, have raised the question of the effectiveness of the MRT as a predictor of media choices or of individual effectiveness. The objective of this research is to examine the assumptions of the MRT. MRT proposes that the properties of media are objective in other words, they are inherent and physical attributes recognizable by users. This study experiments on the effects of task characteristics and medium experience on the perceived media richness and social presence. The results of this study did not support the assumptions of the MRT. There was an interaction effects of task characteristics and medium experience on both the perceived media richness and social presence. While the inexperienced computer-mediated communication(CMC) group perceives their medium richer for the unequivocal task, the experienced CMC group perceives their medium equally for the equivocal and the unequivocal task.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.1063-1072
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• 2020

This paper proposes an experimental method for measuring the quality of experience to measure the influence of the participants' immersion, satisfaction, and presence according to the application of sensory effects to 360-degree video. Participants of the experiment watch 360-degree videos using HMD and receive sensory effects using scent diffusing devices and wind devices. Subsequently, a questionnaire was conducted on the degree of immersion, satisfaction, and present feelings for the video you watched. By analyzing the correlation of the survey results, we found that the provision of sensory effects satisfies the 360-degree video viewing, and the experimental method was appropriate. In addition, using the P.910 method, a result was derived that was not suitable for measuring the quality of the immersion and presence of 360-degree video according to the provision of sensory effects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.413-419
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• 2017

This experimental research explores the effect of low attention of movie audience on the experience of presence, the degree of emotional touch, and memory about movie contents, because of indiscreet use of smart phone. This study measured and analyzed the experience frequency of presence, degree of emotional touch and recognition memory about movie contents by self report survey, after showing 2 subject groups consisting of 83 University students, one with not manipulated attention, the other with manipulated attention, using smart phone intentionally. This research found that the subjects exposed to the movie with not manipulated attention showed more presence experiences, and higher degree of emotional touch than the subjects exposed to the movie with manipulated attention. However meaningful difference of recognition memory was not discovered between the 2 groups. The result of this research can have a meaning because proceeding studies about presence effect of movie mainly dealt with the effect of HDTV, 3D image, stereo sound on the experience of presence, arousal, pleasure of movie audience and it is difficult to find studies about the relation between attention of movie audience and the experience of presence, emotional touch, and memory.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the user requirements and developer requirements in virtual reality(VR), and suggest ways to increase the satisfaction of users who experience virtual reality. Specifically, focused on experience store of VR as a distribution retailer, user requirements were analyzed according to the results of previous research that the characteristics of Affordance, Presence, and Head Mounted Display (HMD) affect user satisfaction. Research, design, data, and methodology - Based on previous studies, in this study, we analyzed the importance of immerse, interaction, perception, and presence for the satisfaction of the user through the questionnaire, and the user experiences virtual reality (VR) The importance of HMD, Presence, Affordance, and experience satisfaction were analyzed. Based on this, we analyzed the user requirements and the developer requirements based on the questionnaires and interviews of the experts, starting from the user's desire or preference using QFD technique. Results - As a result of the analysis, the development factors that occupied a big part in the virtual reality field appeared to be visual. In detail, this showed that there was a lack of sense of presence for users. This should be improved. This paper shows that the requirements for visual, auditory, and tactile development are necessary. For the satisfaction of the users of virtual reality (VR) users, it is necessary to develop them according to their priority in consideration of importance and difficulty in the future. Conclusions - In this study, it was suggested that development according to priority should be considered, considering the difficulty level. Based on the results of this study, the following suggestions are made. First, we tried to search the list of user requirements as much as possible, but it is likely to change due to the development of VR technology. Therefore, it is necessary for developers to continually supplement user requirements with recent research literature. Second, development priorities according to difficulty level should be considered. This aspect should be considered in the actual VR development process, so if the numerical value of the difficulty is calculated, it should be presented in the research.