• Title/Summary/Keyword: Preparation methods

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Research on Standardization of Sasang Typology Formulae English Translation (사상(四象) 방제명(方劑名)의 영역(英譯) 표준화(標準化)에 대한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Hyun-Koo;Ahn, Sang-Young;Kwon, Oh-Min;Ahn, Sang-Woo
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.103-115
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: This study proposes a new form of English translation in comparison with that shown in English books related to Sasang Constitutional medicine formulae which have been published up to now. Methods: This study formulated a new form of English translation guidelines by making a comparative analysis of the English translation cases listed in "Korean-English Dictionary of Oriental Medicine", "Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine", and "Introduction to Sasang Constitutional Medicine". Results: This study as a common rules suggested that names of preparation form should be placed at the very end of the formula name and the first letters of the major words of the formula name should be capitalized. In addition, for the sake of accuracy in English translation of the formula name, this study divided the formula names into 8 types. The 8 sorts of types include: (a) Materia Medica + Preparation Form, (b) Materia Medica + Indication + Preparation Form, (c) Materia Medica Numbers + Preparation Form, (d) Indication + Preparation Form, (e) Concept + Preparation Form, (f) Concept + Materia Medica + Preparation Form, (g) Concept + Indication + Preparation Form, (h) Etcetera. In these types, medicinal herbs should be written in scientific name, and translation of indication can follow Noun+~ing participle form. In case of the terms having a Korean-medicine-based meaning, this study aimed for source-oriented translation. Conclusions: This study provides a general English translation method and examples of the formula names for Sasang constitutional medicine.

Topical anesthesia for stainless steel crown tooth preparation in primary molars: a pilot study

  • Padminee, Krishnan;Hemalatha, R;Shankar, P;Senthil, D;Trophimus, Gnanabagyan J
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.241-250
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    • 2020
  • Background: Placement of full-coverage restorations such as stainless steel crowns (SSCs) for pulpectomy treated primary molars is essential for successful outcomes. The tooth preparation process for SSCs can cause discomfort to gingival tissues since the crown should be seated 1 mm subgingivally. The purpose of this prospective trial was to compare the effectiveness of subgingival and transmucosal application of topical anesthetics on dental pain during SSC tooth preparation among 6- to 8-year-old children. Methods: A consecutive sample of 27 children, aged 6-8 years, who required an SSC after pulp therapy in primary molars were randomly divided into three groups. Group A received infiltration anesthesia before tooth preparation for SSC placement, whereas in Group B and C, only topical anesthesia was applied subgingivally and transmucosally. Wong-Bakers Faces pain rating scale (WBFPS) scores were recorded after tooth preparation. Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scores were evaluated by two blinded and calibrated investigators through video recordings of the patient during tooth preparation. Data were tabulated, and inter-group comparisons were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and analysis of variance tests. Results: Out of the 27 participants, 48% were boys and 52% were girls, with an overall mean age of 6.83 years. Group A showed the least pain scores according to both the scales, followed by Group B and Group C. The pain intensity was statistically significant on both the pain scales with P = 0.003 for FLACC and P < 0.001 for WBFPS. Conclusion: Subgingival application of topical anesthesia reduced pain to a certain extent but not as effectively as infiltration anesthesia during SSC tooth preparation in primary molars. Transmucosal application of topical anesthesia did not reduce discomfort when compared to the other two interventions.

Fracture load and survival of anatomically representative monolithic lithium disilicate crowns with reduced tooth preparation and ceramic thickness

  • Nawafleh, Noor A;Hatamleh, Muhanad M;Ochsner, Andreas;Mack, Florian
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.416-422
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    • 2017
  • PURPOSE. To investigate the effect of reducing tooth preparation and ceramic thickness on fracture resistance of lithium disilicate crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Specimen preparation included a standard complete crown preparation of a typodont mandibular left first molar with an occlusal reduction of 2 mm, proximal/axial wall reduction of 1.5 mm, and 1.0 mm deep chamfer (Group A). Another typodont mandibular first molar was prepared with less tooth reduction: 1 mm occlusal and proximal/axial wall reduction and 0.8 mm chamfer (Group B). Twenty crowns were milled from each preparation corresponding to control group (n=5) and conditioned group of simultaneous thermal and mechanical loading in aqueous environment (n=15). All crowns were then loaded until fracture to determine the fracture load. RESULTS. The mean (SD) fracture load values (in Newton) for Group A were 2340 (83) and 2149 (649), and for Group B, 1752 (134) and 1054 (249) without and with fatigue, respectively. Reducing tooth preparation thickness significantly decreased fracture load of the crowns at baseline and after fatigue application. After fatigue, the mean fracture load statistically significantly decreased (P<.001) in Group B; however, it was not affected (P>.05) in Group A. CONCLUSION. Reducing the amount of tooth preparation by 0.5 mm on the occlusal and proximal/axial wall with a 0.8 mm chamfer significantly reduced fracture load of the restoration. Tooth reduction required for lithium disilicate crowns is a crucial factor for a long-term successful application of this all-ceramic system.

Efficiency of the nickel-titanium rotary instruments for glide path preparation: in-vitro preliminary study (Glide path 형성용 니켈티타늄 회전 파일의 효율: in-vitro 예비 연구)

  • Kim, Hyeon-Cheol;Kwak, Sang Won;Ha, Jung-Hong
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.55 no.10
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    • pp.688-694
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: This preliminary study compared the effects of glide path establishing instruments prior to substantial root canal preparation. Materials and Methods: Glide path was established by enlargement of the 2nd mesiobuccal root canal of Dentalike by using three kinds of glide path preparation nickel-titanium file; PathFile, One G and ProGlider. The pre- and post-instrumented Dentalikes were weighed in the resolution of 1 / 10mg. In addition, after glide path preparation, torque generated during shaping using the WavoOne file was measured. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test at a significance level of 95%. Results: The ProGlider had the significantly larger amount of reduced weight than other instrument groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between group of glide path preparation with ProGlider and without glide path preparation in maximum torque and total stress generation during the shaping with WaveOne. Conclusions: Glide path preparation instruments may have different efficiency according to their geometries. The Dentalike artificial teeth were revealed to have discrepancies in the size of root canals by microCT examination. It is impossible to make a meaningful judgment of the results due to the reliability or resolution problem of the root canal size of the artificial tooth selected as the standardized tooth.

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Effects of clinical practice and major satisfaction of dental hygiene students on career preparation behavior (치위생(학)과 학생들의 임상실습과 전공만족도가 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Soo-Kyung;Kang, Ri-U;Kim, Eun-Yong;Moon, Jung-Eun;Jang, Ji-Hee;Jung, Eun-Seo
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.239-251
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dental hygiene students' clinical practice stress, satisfaction and major satisfaction on career preparation behaviors. Methods:This study was conducted targeting the dental hygiene students who have clinical practice experience. The final 305 subjects were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 program. Results: The correlation between clinical practice stress and career satisfaction and career preparation behavior decreases with the higher degree of clinical practice and career preparation behavior. Analysis results about the affecting factors on the level of satisfaction with major satisfaction factors showed the highest factor of preparation behavior, followed by clinical practice and clinical practice stress in order. Analysis results about the affecting factors on the showed the highest factor of preparation behavior, followed by clinical practice and clinical practice stress in order. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the higher the satisfaction of clinical practice and the higher the satisfaction of career, the more positive the career preparation behavior. Therefore, it's recommended to support continuous education programs to be coherent with dental hygiene student's career preparation behavior based on reinforcing individual competency by obtaining self-confidence and satisfaction from clinical practice.

The Relationship between Occupational Basic Competencies, Job Searching Efficacy, and Career Preparation Conduct and Attitude of Occupational Therapy Students (작업치료과 대학생의 직업기초능력, 구직효능감 및 진로준비행동의 관계)

  • Park, Juyoung;Kim, Hunju
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.89-98
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    • 2019
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to understand the correlations between occupational basic competencies, job searching efficacy and career preparation behavior of department on occupational therapy students. Methods : The subjects of this study were 103 occupational therapy students in D college. The data collection period was from July 1, 2018 to July 30, 2018. The collected data was processed using SPSS 21.0 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : The mean scores for occupational basic competencies, job searching efficacy and career preparation behavior of the occupational therapy students were 3.61 (${\pm}0.59$), 3.58 (${\pm}0.61$) and 3.31 (${\pm}0.66$) respectively. The occupational basic competencies score of the Occupational Therapy students was significantly differed according to their age (t=-2.13, p=.03) and grade point average (F=15.01, p=.00). The job searching efficacy of the Occupational Therapy students was significantly different by grade point average (F=3.40, p=.02). There were no significant differences in job preparation behaviors among occupational therapy students according to gender, age, grade and grade point average. There was a positive correlation between occupational basic competencies and job searching efficacy (r=.675, p<.01), between occupational basic competencies and career preparation behavior (r=.455, p<.01), between job searching efficacy and career preparation behavior (r=.702, p<.01). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest the following: It is necessary to repeat this study with a greater number and range of subjects. In addition, it suggests that the progress of study should be developed and continued and refined in order to identify factors that affect the career preparation behavior of students of occupational therapy. In addition, the development of a program and the application of a curriculum to promote occupational basic competencies and job searching efficacy should be a priority.

Effect of Career Decision Making Types on Career Preparation Behavior and Major Satisfaction of Beauty Major College Students (뷰티전공 대학생들의 진로 의사결정유형이 진로준비행동 및 전공만족에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jae-Eun
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.221-230
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study is to identify career decision-making types of college students majoring in beauty, and to improve career preparation behaviors by analyzing their effects on career preparation behaviors and major satisfaction. It was conducted from November 1 to 30, 2021, and a total of 485 questionnaires were used as analysis data. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed as research methods. As a result of the study, first, the type of career decision-making showed a positive (+) correlation between career preparation behavior and major satisfaction, indicating that it was statistically significant. Second, rational career decision-making style was correlated with dependence and intuitive style. As the career preparation behavior, the career preparation behavior of time effort, ability activity, and information collection, and the satisfaction of the major showed a statistically significant positive (+) correlation in class satisfaction and subject satisfaction. Third, among career decision-making types, rational and dependent types were found to have a statistically significant effect on ability activity, which is a sub-factor of career preparation behavior.

The Effect of a Preparation Method using Hospital Play on Anxiety and Role Behaviors of Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy (병원놀이 교육이 편도선 적출술 아동의 수술 전 불안과 수술 후 환아 역할행위에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Dong-Sun;Shin, Hee-Sun;Lee, Ok-Ju;Jun, Yu-Mi;Yang, Hyun-Hee;Cho, Yun-Ji
    • Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.160-167
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a preparation method using hospital play on anxiety and role behaviors of children undergoing tonsillectomy. Method: Twenty-eight children aged 5 to 7 years who were admitted for tonsillectomy were assigned to either an experimental group or a control group purposefully. The preparation method included provision of information using hospital play. The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test. Result: There was no Significant difference in anxiety before surgery between the experimental and control groups. Also, there was no Significant difference in role behaviors on the 1st and the 2nd day of surgery. Conclusion: Even though there was no statistical significance, the result showed that the preparation method had some positive effect on children and parents. It is needed to develop systematic preparation methods for children undergoing surgery to enhance their coping.

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Semantic Change of Crude Drug Preparations in Korea and Policy Evaluation (생약제제의 의미 변천과 정책적 문제 검토)

  • Kim, Yun-Kyung;Cho, Sunyoung;Kim, Jiyeon;Kang, Yeonseok
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.29-43
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : The aim of this study is reviewing the past legal definition and regulations, to provide basis for the future desirable direction of Korean herbal pharmaceutical industry and national herbal drug policies. Methods : We reviewed how concept of herbal medicinal preparation has been utilized and changed along with various national laws and regulations. And this study also reviewed problems related herbal medicinal preparation policies. Results : Since 1990s, especially inauguration of Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA) at 1998, the concept of crude drug preparation has constantly expanded and distorted the scope of herbal medicinal preparations. This resulted in decline of herbal medicinal preparation industry. Conclusions : It means policies related herbal medicinal preparation which was driven steadily during this decade have lost their consistency. Also, it restricted the various medical options which can guarantee people's health rights.

Predictors of Pre and Post Preparation in Stages of Change of Smoking for Adolescent Smokers and Adult Smokers (금연의 준비단계이전에서 준비단계로, 준비단계에서 준비단계이후로의 이행에 대한 예측변인: 청소년과 성인 비교)

  • Chang Sung-Ok;Kim Eun-Ju;Seomun Gyeong-Ae;Lee Su-Jeong;Cha Bo-Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.119-128
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: This study was done to identify predictors differentiating the preparation stage, which is the stage that the smoker is ready to quit smoking, between adolescent smokers and adult smokers. Method: A survey was conducted with 376 adolescent smokers in 4 high schools and 451 adult smokers in community settings in South Korea from August 2003 to April 2005. To identify the predictors before and after preparation in stages of change of smoking, logistic regression was done. Results: The predictors for before preparation in stages of change of smoking were process of change for smoking abstinence for adolescent smokers and depression for adult smokers. The predictors for after preparation in stages of change of smoking were self-efficacy for smoking abstinence for adolescent smoker and self-efficacy for smoking abstinence and smoking temptation for adult smokers. Conclusion: For each group, adolescent smokers and adult smokers, specific smoking intervention methods need to be developed based on the different ways individuals make the decision to quit smoking within their contexts.

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