• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1429-1436
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• 1994

We have prepared Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films on Si substrate without buffer layer. Deposition was carried out by off-axis rf magnetron sputtering method using Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 stoichiometric target. The substrate temperature was changed from 40$0^{\circ}C$ to $700^{\circ}C$ during deposition. As the substrate temperature increased, relative intensity of (110) peak increased up to $600^{\circ}C$, however preferred orientation changed from (110) to (h00) beyond $650^{\circ}C$ of substrate temperature. Deposited films showed microstructures with fine grains whose diameters are less than 100 nm, and columnar structure was observed in the cross-sectional SEM micrograph. AES depth profile showed no significant diffusion at the interfacial reaction area. The effective dielectric constant of films showed maximum value at $600^{\circ}C$, and the leakage current increased with increasing substrate temperature, which may be ascribed to the crystallization of amorphous phases at grain boundary.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.379-400
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• 2017

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ICT on multilevel marketing organizations (MLMs) whose members are both salespeople and consumers. This study explores the effects of the latest ICT convergence on the direct selling, which is the oldest sales method, and suggests the direction for the development of network marketing. Therefore, we will propose the changes in direct sales brought by ICT and predict the future direction of network marketing in preparation for the 4th Industrial Revolution era. Design/methodology/approach Exploratory case study was the methodology selected for this paper. The case study enables the use of multiple methods for data collection and analysis. This study applies qualitative case-study methodology on Amway Korea, which is the top seller of MLM organizations, to better understand the impact of ICT. This study conducted an in-depth interview with four different levels of MLM members (e.g. membership, ruby, emerald, diamond) which are based on the qualification system of MLM organizations and observed their behaviors. Findings This study revealed that the ICT impact on network marketing organizations(MLMs) could be summarized as follows : new membership growth, easier communication with customers, increase in work efficiency, increase in organizational trust, change in educational environment, and increase in the use of social media. Based on the interview, we propose the changes of network marketing organizations in the fourth industrial revolution era and the future strategy of Amway Korea as follows: (1) retention of royal ABOs, (2) harmony with SMEs, (3) utilization of Big Data, (4) creation of IoT business model, and (5) construction of successful O2O business platform.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to survey a perception of frequency & importance level of job performance, from 249 paramedics who were working at fire station. The job related activities of 4 duties, 18 tasks and 145 task elements were checked by 4 rating scale. The data were analyzed using a SPSS program for descriptive statistics. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. Some of the most frequent tasks were medical tx, managing people & organization, trauma care, pt assessment, general coping skill 2. Some of the most frequent task elements were preparation of written reports, operation of pt lifting supplies, transportation of patients on stretchers, administration of cervical collar and utilization of scoop stretcher. 3. Some of the highest level of importance in task were resuscitation of circulation, surgical tx, safety & infection control, environmental emergency care, trauma care. 4. Some of the highest level of importance in task elements were administration of cervical collar, adult CPR, infant CPR, child CPR, and AED. 5. The highest level of task elements in perception of frequency & importance were administration of cervical collar, infection control after pt care, utilization of long back board, disinfection of ambulance after ride a long, care of chest pain pt, care of unconscious pt, tx of asthma. 6. A difference between frequent & importance score were due to lack of supplies(41%), structural problems(30%) and medical control system(16%), lack of skills(10%), Suggestion; 1. This paper would be more reliable and confirm through wilder range of survey. 2. It would be necessary of more depth survey through dacom study from paramedic. 3. Development of field oriented protocol & curriculum that based on task elements which have high score of both frequency & importance level is required.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.135-137
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• 1968

Bathythermograph (B. T) has been coumonly used to obtain a records of water temperature in the depth of 270m from the surface. We have, however, experienced some difficulties in obtaining smoked or coated glass which is used for the bathythermograph in this region, Therefore I introduce a easy method of preparing the smoked-glass slide. Preparing method is as follows. 1. Glass slides must be cleaned by dipping into the concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide ana hydrochloric acid then rinsing with hot water and polishing with a clean gauge. 2. The cleaned slide is immersed in the wax solution for coating, and dried on the filter paper. The Wax solution is prepared as follow : 1g of white wax is dissolved in 200CC of benzol or 1g of lard is dissolved in 300CC of gasoline. 3. A slide held in a fingertip is smoked on the flame of alcohol lamp, or Meter burner. When alcohol lamp is used the fuel alcohol must contain 1/5 of benzol, and when Meker burner is used, the air intake must be blocked up. The smoking on the glass slide should be light and uniform, after smoking the slide is cooled down. 4. The smoked glass slide is again dipped into the wax solution using a fingertip and the excessive wax solution on the slide is absorbed on the filter paper and drain off. 5. Thus prepared smoked slide can be used for B.T.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.171-195
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• 2007

Remarriages constitute an increasing proportion of all marriage in Korea. In 2005 26.1% of marriages were remarriages for one or both partners. Also, remarriages are more likely to end in divorce than first marriages. This study is conducted to understand how and why the remarriage is ended in divorce in Korea. Seven ex-stepmothers were asked in-depth interview to describe the whole story from courtship to divorce of remarriage. Their narratives were analyzed by a qualitative software program, Nvivo2, which assured us the validity and the reliability of method of the study. Qualitative analysis revealed several major concepts related to the dissolution of remarriage: lack of feeling of love in a motive of marriage, lack of understanding of and preparation for remarriage, fragile tie of remarried couple, frictions between step-children and step-mothers, feeling excluded from family-in-law, and wife battering. The results of the study highlighted that the social work interventions should be actively done in the area of family life education including remarriages and remarried families.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.73-82
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• 2015

Thanks to popularization of smart phone, mobile payment market is growing rapidly. As the obligatory use of digital certificate is abolished, easy-to-use payment that can settle with only password is being launched one after another. But its spreading speed is not fast highly. Because of concern about personal information leakage and security, unchangeability of payment habit, insufficiency of consumer protection, inadequacy of payment infrastructure and all sorts of regulations, easy-to-use payment is not activated. Recently global IT companys are entering mobile payment market competitively. It is because the sense of crisis that their survival can be dangerous from now on if they get left behind Fintech innovation and the mentality that they try to take the leadership of mobile payment market process. In this situation, the thorough preparation and a lot of effort are required to promote our autonomous easy-to-use payment growth without dependance on foreign country's. In this paper, the problems of local mobile easy-to-use payment are addressed in depth and the activation measures such as flexible and discriminative security, construction of customer protection system, law system maintenance, service differentiation are proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.375-379
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• 2011

Introduction: This study examined the effect of autogenous tooth bone used as a graft material for bone regeneration in an artificial bony defect of minipigs. Materials and Methods: Four healthy minipigs, weighing approximately 35-40 kg, were used. Four standardized artificial two-walled bony defects, 5 mm in length and depth, were made on the bilateral partial edentulous alveolar ridge on the mandible of minipigs, and autogenous tooth bone was augmented in the right side as the experimental group. On the other hand, only alloplastic bone graft material HA was grafted with the same size and manner in the left side as the control group. All minipigs were sacrificed at 4 weeks after a bone graft and evaluated histologically by Haematoxylin-eosin staining. The specimens were also evaluated semi-quantitatively via a histomorphometric study. The percentage of new bone over the total area was evaluated using digital software for an area calculation. Results: All specimens were available but one in the left side (control group) and two in the right side (experimental group) were missing during specimen preparation. The amount of bone formation and remodeling were higher in all experimental groups than the control. The mean percentage area for new bone in the experimental and control groups was $43.74{\pm}11.96%$ and $30.79{\pm}2.93%$, respectively. Conclusion: Autogenous tooth bone is a good alternative to autogenous bone with the possible clinical feasibility of an autogenous tooth bone graft in the reconstruction of bony defects.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.33-37
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• 2012

Hankyong National University decided to introduce a track-based curriculum for a curriculum innovation as it switched a Polytechnic University system into a general University system. A TF(task force) team was formed to study a operation strategy of a track curriculum and the opinions of campus members and educationist were gathered. Such systematic preparation was performed for the introduction of the track. Based on those works, a track-based curriculum has been operating from 2012 spring semester. A track system defines that the curriculum in a department is divided into specific majors(or tracks) and the department/agency guarantees their expertise if the students complete the course of a specific major to increase the depth and expertise in the field of study or specific areas. Track means a set of customized courses that are demanded by the corporations, and the courses include basically specific education activities, levels of education, and educational contents required for job or position of the corporation. In this paper, any issues, that arose through the operations of the track-based curriculum at Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering in Hankyong National University, and their possible solution were presented.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.173-185
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• 2015

Recently, the tendency in the education system orientes to developing people of interdisciplinary abilities, this study was conducted to explore career process and to aware the career through internship participation of nursing students and to investigate effect of convergence program. The study conducted in-depth interview with 14 undergraduate nursing students who participated convergence program at various medical organizations. Collection data was analyized based on grounded theory. The research finding shows that Internship Experience was four categories and 12 themes. Four categories are participation motivation internships, Career Exploration process through internship, various learning for career preparation and career awareness In order to operate effective convergence program, various learning opportunities and building relationships with the members in organizations are provided and organizational system support is needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.353-361
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• 2020

Objectives: An inadequate understanding of infertility can affect individuals' self-efficacy and ability to perform self-care; thus, reproductive health education is an important part of infertility treatment. The present qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences and educational needs of infertile women with regard to reproductive health. Methods: In this qualitative study, we utilized a content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was performed to ensure maximum diversity. In total, 23 individual interviews were conducted with 20 Iranian women with infertility and 3 key informants between July 2018 and February 2019 in northern Iran. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using a conventional content analysis approach. Results: Reproductive health education needs were identified by analyzing interview data from 4 main categories: familiarity with the fertility process and preparation for pregnancy, recognition of infertility and expectations around seeking treatment, recognition of preventive actions associated with reproductive health, and correction of false beliefs. Recognizing the causes of infertility and understanding the different approaches to infertility treatment are among the most important educational needs of infertile women. The potential for neglect of health-related issues due to concerns about fertility and the maternal experience necessitates education about preventive measures for cervical cancer, breast cancer, and sexually transmitted infections. Correcting misconceptions, including those related to contraceptives and traditional medicine, can also help promote reproductive health. Conclusions: In infertile women, the educational needs associated with reproductive health are multifaceted. Satisfying these needs can help achieve optimal treatment results and promote reproductive health.