• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.38-46
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of the structured preoperative teaching on post-operative recovery and to observe the effects of an structured preoperative teaching on the adult surgical patient's ventilatory function ability, the length of hospital stay, the number of analgesics within a 72 hour postoperative period, the length of early ambulation. The research question investigated in this study was: What would be the effects of a structured preoperative teaching upon the adult surgical patients postoperative recovery? This study was based on a sample of 40 patients who were scheduled for abdominal surgery. They were asssigned alternately to experimental and control group. Among 40 subjects, 20 were placed in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. Preoperative ventilation function testing of control and experimental subjects was done the evening before surgery and before the patient received the structured preoperative teaching. A structured preoperative teaching was given to the subjects in the exporimental group only by writer. Postoperative testing was done the 5th postoperative day. The data were collected over a period of two months, from Aug. 8 to Oct. 31, 1983. For the analysis of the data and test for the hypotheses, the t-test with mean difference was used. The results of this study regarding the four-hypotheses were as follows: 1. Experimental group which received structured preoperative eaching will have more increase to-cough and deep breathe as measured byhis forced vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1), maximal voluntary volume 15 (MVV 15) than control group without structured preoperative teaching. The ventilation function ability was more increase in experimental group than in control group, the mean difference was statistically significant at 0.01 level. Hypotheses 1 was supported. 2. Experimental group with structured preoperative teaching will have more reduced the length of hospital stay than control group without structured preoperative teaching. The length of hospital stay of the experimental group and control group were 11.90 days and 16.05 days respectively. However, the difference was. not statistically significant at .05 level. Therefore the hypothese 2 was not supported. 3. Experimental group with structured preoperative teaching will have more reduce the number of analgesics within a 72 hour postoperative period than control group. The number of analgesics within a 72 hour' postoperative period of experimental group and control group were 1.65 times and 2.4 times. The difference was not statically significant at .05 level. Therefore, the hypotheses 3 was not supported. 4. Experimental group with structured preoperative. teaching will have more reduce the length of early ambulation than control group without structured preoperative teaching. The length of early ambulation of experimental group and control group were 2.2 days and 3.5 days respectively The difference was statistically signficant at 0.05 level. Thus the hypothess 4 was supported.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.407-417
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of preoperative teaching as a nursing intervention on the emotional status of the patients prior to surgery. The method of this study was Nonequivalent Control Group Non-Synchronize Design. The data were selected from H universuty hospital in Seoul, and they consisted of an experimental group-30patients, and a control group-30 patients. The questionnaire consisted of 28 Preoperative Stress Inventory(Kang, 1998), and 16 State- Trait Anxiety Inventory(Spielberger, 1972). The collected data were analized by means of frequency, percentage, $X^2$ test, t-test and paired t-test with SPSS WIN. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The level of stress prior to surgery was significantly lower for the preoperative teaching group than for the control group(t=2.61, p< .01). 2. The level of anxiety prior to surgery was not significantly lower for the preoperative teaching group than for the control group. 3. The difference level of the anxiety level the prior to surgery was significantly higher for the preoperative teaching group than for the control group(t=2.82, p< .01). In conclusion, preoperative teaching is a beneficial nursing intervention that has a positive effect on the stress and anxiety of patients prior to surgery. Therefore it is recommended to use the preoperative teaching program as a nursing intervention for patients prior to surgery.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7909-7911
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• 2014

Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide. Poor prognosis in gastric cancer is linked with hypoalbuminemia. Previous studies demonstrated relationships between gastric cancer and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of preoperative inflammation-based prognostic scores regarding hospital mortality after gastrectomy. Unlike other recent articles on the same topic; we could only verify prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index for in hospital mortality after surgery.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8489-8493
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• 2014

Objective: To verify the basic preoperative evaluation in the discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses in our clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Data were collected on the records of 636 women with adnexal masses who had undergone surgery either by open or endoscopic approaches. Those with obvious signs of malignancy, any history of cancer, emergency surgeries without basic evaluation were excluded. The preoperative features by age, ultrasound and serum Ca125 level were compared with final histopathological diagnosis at the four departments of the institution. These are the general gynecology (Group 1: exploratory laparotomy), the gynecologic endoscopy (Group 2: laparoscopy and adnexectomy), the gynecological oncology (Group 3: staging laparotomy) and the gynecologic endocrinology and infertility (Group 4: laparoscopy and cystectomy). Results: There were simple and complex cyst rates of 22.3% and 77.2%, respectively. There were 86.3% benign, 4.1% (n:20) borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) and 6.4% (n:48) malignant lesions. There were 3 BOT and 9 ovarian cancers in Group 1 and one BOT and two ovarian cancer in the Group 2. During the surgery, 15 BOT (75%) and 37 ovarian cancer (77%) were detected in the Group 3, only one BOT was encountered in the Group 4. The risk of rate of unsuspected borderline or focally invasive ovarian cancer significantly increased by age, size, complex morphology and Ca125 (95% CI, OR=2.72, OR=6.60, OR=6.66 and OR=4.69, respectively). Conclusions: Basic preoperative evaluation by comprehensive ultrasound imaging combined with age and Ca125 level has proved highly accurate for prediction of unexpected malignancies. Neither novel markers nor new imaging techniques provide better information that allow clinicians to assess the feasibility of the planned surgery; consequently, the risk of inadvertent cyst rupture during laparoscopy may be significantly decreased in selected cases.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1953-1956
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to correlate the histological diagnosis made during intraoperative frozen section (FS) examination of hysterectomy samples with complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAEH) diagnosed with definitive paraffin block histology. Methods: FS pathology results of 125 patients with a preoperative biopsy showing CAEH were compared retrospectively with paraffin block pathology findings. Results: Paraffin block results were consistent with FS in 78 of 125 patients (62.4%). The FS sensitivity and specificity of detecting cancer were 81.1% and 97.9%, with negative and positive predictive values of 76.7%, and 98.4%, respectively. Paraffin block results were reported as endometrial cancer in 77 of 125 (61.6%) patients. Final pathology was endometrial cancer in 45.3% patients diagnosed at our center and 76.9% for patients who had their diagnosis at other clinics (p=0.018). Paraffin block results were consistent with FS in 62.4% of all cases Consistence was 98.4% in patients who had endometrial cancer in FS. Conclusion: FS does not exclude the possibility of endometrial cancer in patients with the preoperative diagnosis of CAEH. In addition, sufficient endometrial sampling is important for an accurate diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.449-458
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a structured preoperative PCA education to that of the usual informal teaching provided by hospital staff in alleviating postoperative pain through more effective use of PCA therapy. Method: As an advanced research, the knowledge about the use of PCA therapy and the attitude about the use of the pain medicine were estimated, and then as a later research, the knowledge about the use of PCA therapy, the attitude about the use of the pain medicine, and the score of the pain were estimated. Result: The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education had statistically significant higher knowledge regarding the use of PCA therapy(p=0.026) and more positive attitudes toward using pain medicine(p=0.004). The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education reported better pain control 4(p=0.002), 8(p=0.014) and 24 hours(p=0.018) after the operation. Conclusion: The structured preoperative PCA education increases the knowledge for the use of patient's PCA therapy and changes their attitude toward the use of the pain medicine positively and consequently enable the use of PCA therapy to be more effective and then finally reduced the patient's pain after the operation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.247-255
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life (QoL) of parents/caregivers of children with cleft lip and/or palate before and after surgical repair of an orofacial cleft. Materials and Methods: Families of subjects who required either primary or secondary orofacial cleft repair who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited. A preoperative and postoperative health-related QoL questionnaire, the 'Impact on Family Scale' (IOFS), was applied in order to detect the subjectively perceived QoL in the affected family before and after surgical intervention. The mean pre- and postoperative total scores were compared using paired t-test. Pre- and postoperative mean scores were also compared across the 5 domains of the IOFS. Results: The proportion of families whose QoL was affected before surgery was 95.7%. The domains with the greatest impact preoperatively were the financial domain and social domains. Families having children with bilateral cleft lip showed QoL effects mostly in the social domain and 'impact on sibling' domain. Postoperatively, the mean total QoL score was significantly lower than the mean preoperative QoL score, indicating significant improvement in QoL (P<0.001). The mean postoperative QoL score was also significantly lower than the mean preoperative QoL score in all domains. Only 3.2% of the families reported affectation of their QoL after surgery. The domains of mastery (61.3%) with a mean of $7.4{\pm}1.8$ and finance (45.1%) with a mean score of $7.2{\pm}1.6$ were those showing the greatest postoperative impact. The proportion of families whose QoL was affected by orofacial cleft was markedly different after treatment (95.7% preoperative and 3.2% postoperative). Conclusion: Caring for children with orofacial clefts significantly reduces the QoL of parents/caregivers in all domains. However, surgical intervention significantly improves the QoL of the parents/caregivers of these children.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.248-253
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• 2016

Background Financial, clinical, and psychological considerations have made same-day surgery an attractive option for a variety of procedures. This article aimed to analyse the postoperative results of same-day primary unilateral cleft nasolabial repair. Methods This study was performed from 2011 to 2014. Unilateral cleft lip patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were preoperatively classified as mild, moderate, and severe. All patients underwent same-day surgery and were discharged after satisfying the appropriate clinical criteria, receiving thorough counselling, and the establishment of a means of communication by phone. Postoperative outcomes were assessed and stratified according to preoperative severity and the type of repair. Results A total of 423 primary unilateral cleft lip patients were included. Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was the most common procedure, followed by Noordhoff's technique. The postoperative outcome was good in 89.8% of cases, fair in 9.9% of cases, and poor in 0.2% of cases. The complication rate was 1.18% (n=5), and no instances of mortality were observed. The average hospital stay was 7.5 hours, leading to a cost reduction of 19% in comparison with patients who stayed overnight for observation. Conclusions Mild unilateral cleft lip was the most common deformity for which Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was performed in most of the cases, with satisfactory postoperative outcomes. Refinements in the cleft rhinoplasty techniques over the course of the study improved the results regarding cleft nasal symmetry. Single-day primary unilateral cleft cheiloplasty was found to be a cost-effective procedure that did not pose an additional risk of complications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1817-1820
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• 2015

Background: Hemoglobin A1c(HgA1c) is a marker of poor gylcemic control and elevation HgA1c is associated with increased risk of many cancers. We aimed to determine the HgA1c levels in endometrial cancer cases and any relationship with stage and grade of disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective data review was performed between June 2011 and October 2012 at a tertiary referral center in Turkey. The study included 35 surgically staged endometrial cancer patients and 40 healthy controls. Preoperative HgA1c levels drawn within 3 months before surgery were compared. Also the relationships between HgA1c levels and stage, grade and hystologic type of cancer cases were evaluated. Results: The mean HgA1c levels were statistically significantly higher at $6.19{\pm}1.44$ in endometrial cancer cases than the $5.61{\pm}0.58$ in controls (p=0.027). With endometrial cancer cases, the mean HgA1c level was found to be $6.62{\pm}1.40$ for stage I and $6.88{\pm}1.15$ for stages II-IV (p=0.07). The figures were $6.74{\pm}1.65$ for endometrioid and $6.63{\pm}1.41$ for non-endometrioid type tumors (p=0.56). Mean HgA1c levels of $6.72{\pm}1.14$ for grade 1 and $6.62{\pm}1.42$ for grade 2-3 were observed (p=0.57). Conclusions: HgA1c levels in endometrial cancer patients were statistically higher than healthy controls. However, HgA1c did not show any significant correlation with stage, grade and histologic type in endometrial cancer cases.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.634-643
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the type and frequency of end colostomy-related complications and to identify the risk factors for those complications. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records was made in 708 patients who underwent end colostomy in Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 and February 2005. The type was divided into stomal and peristomal complications: stomal complications included bleeding, necrosis, mucocutaneous separation, prolapsed stoma, retraced stoma, stenosis, and hyperplasia; peristomal complications did peristomal varix, peristomal hernia, irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, maceration, folliculitis, hyperplasia, bacterial infection, candidal infection, malignancy in the peristomal area, mechanical damage and pyoderma gangrenosum. Results: For stomal complications, hyperplasia was most common(9.0%). For peristomal complications, irritant contact dermatitis was developed in 17.4%. Sex and BMI were risk factors for irritant contact dermatitis, hyperplasia, peristomal hernia, flat stoma, and retracted stoma. Conclusion: Teaching for preventing irritant contact dermatitis such as proper pouching and peristomal skin protection, and for comprehensive weight control should be emphasized on self care program for ostomates, while ostomy care nurse should take a careful consideration of preoperative ostomy site marking in female obese patients.