• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.242-249
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• 1998

Stiffness of the elbow joint is relatively common after trauma, ectopic ossification, bum, postoperative scar, and etc. Mild flexion deformity can be reduced by use of active or passive motion exercise, dynamic sling, hinged distractor device, or turnbuckle orthosis. But these methods have disadvantages of difficulty in gaining acceptable range of motion only with stretching exercise, re-contracture after conservative managements and poor results that flexion contracture remained. The common described operative exposures for treatment of the stiff elbow are anterior, lateral, posterior, and medial approach. Through Anterior, lateral and medial approach each has not access to all compartments of the elbow. But, posterior approach has benefits that access to posterior, medial and lateral aspects of the elbow and as needed, fenestration to the olecranon fossa that produces a communication between the anterior and posterior compartments of the elbow are possible. From June 1991 through April 1997, 11 patients who had posttraumatic stiff elbow, were treated with debridement arthroplasty through the posterior approach. The purpose of this study are to introduce technique of the debridement arthroplasty and to evaluate final outcomes. With regarding to preoperative pain degree, mild degree matches to 3 cases, moderate to 3 cases, and severe to 2 cases. In preoperative motion, flexion was average 85° and extension was 30°. Postoperatively nine patients had got the complete relief of pain and two patients continued to have mild pain intermittentely. Postoperative flexion improved to 127° and extension to 2°, so that elbow flexion had improved by an average of 42° and elbow extension by 28°. On the objective scale all patients had good or excellent results and they all felt that they were improved by operation. Debridement arthroplasty is one of excellent procedures for the intractable stiff elbow if it is not unstable or it has not incongrous. But it need a meticulous operative technique and a well-programmed rehabilitation.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2016

Many types of osteotomy have been proposed for the treatment of cubitus varus deformity of the elbow, and various methods for fixation of the osteotomy site have also been described. However, no method has been perfect. We treated two cases of cubitus varus elbow deformity with step-cut osteotomy using a new fixation method with two crossing screws and an anatomically designed locking plate. Active assisted elbow range of motion (ROM) exercise was permitted at postoperative 3 days, after removal of the drainage. Preoperative and postoperative humerus-elbow-wrist angles and ranges of motion of the two patients were compared. At 3 months followup, each patient had recovered the preoperative elbow ROM, and achieved the complete bony union of the osteotomy site and proper correction of the cubitus varus deformity. In addition, the appropriate remodeling of the lateral bony protrusion was observed. Therefore, we introduce a new fixation method for achievement of stable fixation allowing immediate postoperative elbow motion after corrective osteotomy for cubitus varus deformity in young adults.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was performed retrospectively to evaluate clinical outcomes of distal metatarsal osteotomy using bio-compression screw as the joint preservation method for advanced hallux rigidus. Materials and Methods: Eleven cases were followed up for more than 1 year after distal metatarsal dorsal wedge osteotomy for advanced hallux rigidus. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and patient's satisfaction score. The range of motion, and the period to return to running exercise, tip-toeing gait, squatting, walking down the stairs were evaluated. As the radiographic evaluation, the interval of $1^{st}$ MTP (metatarsophalangeal) joint space and the period to union were measured. Results: The AOFAS hallux score had improved significantly from preoperative average 50.7 points to 87.6 points at the last follow-up (p=0.005). The subjective satisfaction score was average 90.6 points. There were no case of subsequent fusion or additional operation, and no complication associated with bio-compression screw. The period to return to running exercise, tip-toeing gait, squatting, walking down the stairs were average of 24.8 weeks, 20.4 weeks, 16.8 weeks, 18.5 weeks respectively. Dorsiflexion of $1^{st}$ MTP joint had improved significantly from preoperative average $17.5^{\circ}$ to $44^{\circ}$ (p<0.001). All cases achieved union of osteotomy site, and the period to union was average 10.4 weeks. The interval of $1^{st}$ MTP joint space had improved significantly from preoperative average 1.2 mm to 3.5 mm (p=0.014). Conclusion: Distal metatarsal osteotomy using bio-compression screw seems to be one of effective treatment methods for advanced hallux rigidus, because of restoration of the first MTP joint motion, and reliable pain relief, and needlessness of hardware removal.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2014

Purpose: Ligament reattachment technique using a suture anchor appears to show satisfactory functional outcomes and mechanical stability compared with conventional bone tunnel technique. This study was prospectively conducted in order to evaluate functional outcomes of modified Brostrom procedures using the suture bridge technique for chronic ankle instability in athletes. Materials and Methods: Twenty eight athletes under 30 years of age were followed for more than two years after undergoing the modified Brostrom procedure using the suture bridge technique. Functional evaluation consisted of the foot and ankle outcome score (FAOS), foot and ankle ability measure (FAAM) score. Range of motion and time to return to exercise were evaluated using a periodic questionnaire. Talar tilt angle and anterior talar translation were measured through stress radiographs for evaluation of mechanical stability. Results: FAOS improved significantly from preoperative mean 59.4 points to 91.4 points (p<0.001). Daily living and sport activity scores of FAAM improved significantly from preoperative mean 50.5, 32.5 points to 94.8, 87.3 points, respectively (p<0.001). Talar tilt angle and anterior talar translation improved significantly from preoperative mean $16.8^{\circ}$, 13.5 mm to $4.2^{\circ}$, 4.1 mm at final follow-up (p<0.001). Times to return to exercise were as follows: mean 10.2 weeks in jogging, 15.4 weeks in spurt running, 13.1 weeks in jumping, 11.5 weeks in walking on uneven ground, 9.1 weeks in standing on one leg, 7.2 weeks in tip-toeing gait, 8.4 weeks in squatting, and 10.6 weeks in descending stairs. Conclusion: Modified Brostrom procedure using the suture bridge technique showed satisfactory functional outcomes for chronic ankle instability in athletes. Optimal indication and cost-effectiveness of the suture bridge technique will be studied in the future.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the result of the early exercise and rehabilitation after limited posterior operative treatment of the calcaneal fractures. Materials and Methods: Between May 2005 and December 2007, 43 cases with intraarticular calcaneal fractures were treated by open reduction with K-wires and Steinmann pins. Mean age and mean follow-up period were 42.5 years old and 15 months. All patients were treated with the same postoperative protocol, the early exercise of subtalar joint without short leg splint and cast was began after postoperative 1 day, non-weight bearing crutch ambulation did after 2 weeks, partial-weight bearing crutch ambulation did after 6 weeks, without crutch ambulation did after 10 weeks. The fractures was classified by Essex-Lopresti and Sanders classification using radiographs and the functional outcomes were evaluated by circle draw exercise, AOFAS score. Results: By Essex-Lopresti classification, the tongue type was 6 cases (14%), the joint depression type was 15 cases (35%), the combined type was 22 cases (51%). By Sanders classification, type II were 10 cases (23%), type III were 15 cases (58%), and type IV were 8 cases (19%). By AOFAS functional evaluation, the mean preoperative scores were 70.3 and 70.5 respectively, mean postoperative scores were 83.7 and 86.9 respectively. There were satisfactory results in 40 cases but 3 cases were unsatisfactory including on case of lateral impingement and 2 cases of traumatic arthritis of subtalar joint. Conclusion: We obtained satisfactory result of the early exercise of subtalar joint without short leg splint and cast and rehabilitation after limited posterior operative treatment of the calcaneal fractures.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2007

서론: 상완골 두의 비 외상성 골괴사는 흔치 않은 질환으로 환자의 증상이 심하고 골두 함몰이 진행된 경우 인공관절 치환술의 적응증이 된다. 저자들은 상완골 두 비 외상성 골괴사 환자에 시행한 견관절 반 치환술의 단기 추시 임상결과를 보고하고자 한다. 재료 및 방법: 상완골 두의 비 외상성 골괴사 환자로 견관절 반 치환술을 시행 받았던 환자 중 12개월 이상 ($12{\sim}56$개월)추시 가능하였던 5명, 7견관절을 대상으로 수술 전, 후의 통증 변화, 견관절 운동범위 및 ASES 점수를 비교하였고, 술후 환자의 만족도를 조사하여 임상적 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 골괴사의 유발원인으로는 알코올 4예, 스테로이드 투여에 의한 경우가 3예였다. 운동시 통증은 수술 전 평균 7.6점에서 수술 후 1.9점으로 감소되었고 관절운동 범위는 전방거상, 외전 및 외회전이 술 전 평균 각각 105.7도, 80.0도, 22.1도였고 술후 146.6도, 139.3도, 44.3도로 호전되었다. ASES 점수는 술 전 평균 39.0점이었고, 술후 평균 84.1점으로 호전되었다. 술후 환자의 만족도는 흡족 5예, 양호 2예이었다. 결론: 단기 추시 결과이지만 상완골 두 비 외상성 골괴사의 치료 방법으로 견관절 반 치환술은 통증의 감소와 견관절 운동범위를 개선시켜주고, 양호한 술 후 환자 만족도를 제공할 수 있는 수술 방법이라고 생각한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1987

Unstable angina pectoris is often premonitory to an acute myocardial infarction. Surgical revascularization in this syndrome is of great potential benefit and relatively low mortality. A patient with unstable angina pectoris is reported. A 65-year-old man complained of dyspnea and pain in the left anterior chest. The pain was brought on by mild exercise, occurred at rest and sleeping time. The pain worsened over a month period and more aggravated in intensity and duration. Physical examination showed no abnormalities except hypertension and laboratory data were within normal limits. His anginal pain was not relived by nitroglycerin ingestion. Preoperative coronary angiograms revealed significant obstruction [>90%] of left anterior descending coronary artery. Aorto-left anterior descending coronary bypass with autogenous saphenous vein used as conduit was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged on 16th postoperative day in a healthy condition.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2004

목적: 견관절의 난치성 유착성 관절 낭염에서 관절경 하 관절낭 유리술의 임상 결과를 평가하고 유효성을 증명하는데 있다. 대상 및 방법: 견관절의 난치성 유착성 관절 낭염에서 1년 이상의 보존적 가료에 실패한 환자를 대상으로 수술적 가료를 시행하였으며 술후 1년 이상의 추시가 가능한 21예를 대상으로 하였으며 평균 추시 기간은 3년 1개월(1년-5년)이었다. 통증에 대한 VAS(visual analog scale)를 측정하였고 일상 생활 지수(ADL, Activity of dailv living)를 측정하였으며 UCLA(University of California, Los Angeles) 견관절 평가법을 이용하여 기능 평가를 시행하였다 술전과 술후 6개월 및 1년에 측정을 반복하였고 이후 1년 마다 측정하였다. 최종 추시 시기에 역시 VAS of pain, ADL, UCLA점수를 측정하여 비교하였다 결과: VAS는 술전 평균 8점에서 술후 평균 1점으로 향상되었고, ADL은 술전 평균 7점에서 술후 평균 26점으로 향상되었다. UCLA 지수는 술전 평균 8점에서 술후 평균 34점으로 향상되었다. 전방 거상은 술전 평균 75도에서 술후 평균 175도로 향상되었으며, 측방 외회전(E/Rs, External Rotation at Side)은 술전 평균 4도에서 술후 평균 52도로 향상되었고, 외전은 술전 평균 60도에서 술후 평균 170도로 향상되었다. 후방 내회전(1/Rp, Internal Rotation at posterior)은 술전 대퇴부에서 부터 요추 3번 극돌기 부위까지로 감소되었으나 술후 7번 흉추 극돌기에서 부터 9번 흉추 극돌기 부위 까지로 향상되었다. 결론: 견관절의 난치성 유착성 관절 낭염에서 1년 이상의 보존적 가료에 불응성인 경우 관절경하의 관절낭 유리술은 유효한 치료 방법 중의 하나로 생각된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2016

Background Several techniques have been designed to treat fifth metacarpal fractures reported to be effective. However, these methods cannot be easily applied to the fourth metacarpal due to its central anatomical position. In this study, we sought to analyze the functional outcomes of patients who underwent transverse pinning for a fourth metacarpal bone fracture. Methods A total of 21 patients were selected and their charts were retrospectively reviewed. After fracture reduction, two transverse Kirchner wires were first inserted from the fifth metacarpal to the third metacarpal transversely at the distal part of the fractured bone, and then another two wires were inserted at the proximal part of the fractured bone. The splint was removed approximately one week postoperatively and the Kirchner wires were removed four to five weeks postoperatively. Patients started active and passive exercise one week after the operation. Pain visual analog scores, total active and passive motion, and the active and passive range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint and grip strength were evaluated. Results Dorsal angulation improved from a preoperative value of $44.2^{\circ}$ to a postoperative value of $5.9^{\circ}$. Six weeks after surgery, functional recovery parameters, such as range of motion and grip strength, had improved to 98% of the function of the normal side. No major complication was observed. Conclusions We suggest that the transverse pinning of fourth metacarpal bone fractures is an effective treatment option that is less invasive than other procedures, easy to perform, requires no secondary surgery, minimizes joint and soft tissue injury, and allows early mobilization.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.545-551
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• 2005

Purpose: The effect of orthognathic surgery on the temporomandibular dysfunction has been controversial. The purpose of this study is to prove statistically that early removal of fixation plate at postoperative 2 weeks with active exercise of mouth opening could relieve preoperative temporomandibular dysfunction and reposition of temporomandibular joint. Patients and Methods: All 28 subject patients underwent mandibular setback with BSSRO in Kyunghee medical center by one surgeon. The fixation plates used for rigid fixation were removed at postoperative 2 weeks and we had the patients excercise active mouth opening with intermaxillary rubber rings for the guiding proper postoperative occlusion. Temporomandibular symptoms were checked and radiographs were taken before surgery, within a month after surgery, six to twelve months after surgery respectively. Results: The temporomandibular dysfunction symptoms were relieved after the surgery and the condyle was displaced inferior-posteriorly immediate after surgery and repositioned toward its original position during follow-up periods. Conculusion: Orthognathic surgery may benefit temporomandibular joint dysfunction by obtaining a postoperative stable occlusion and more physiologic neuromuscular function. The early removal of fixation plates after BSSRO could reposition the temporomandibular joint to physiologic position and relieve the symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction by permitting movement of proximal segment.