• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.325-346
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• 2022

Social changes characterized by new normal also demand changes in libraries and libraries are making preemptive efforts. This study compared and analyzed the difference in librarian perceptions between the start of COVID-19 in 2020 and after experiencing the pandemic in 2022 in terms of the relative importance of library policies considered by pairwise comparative analysis. In the 1st survey, the importance of factors related to 'Library Management' and 'Library Services' was high and in the 2nd survey, the importance of factors related to 'Human Resources' and 'Information Resources' increased. This study insists that the public libraries invest in human resources and information resources and establish a user-customized policy in order to quickly adapt to the new paradigm and to provide sustainable library services.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.181-193
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• 2022

Data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure can be used to continuously assess the state of a structure, allowing preemptive safety measures to be carried out. Long-term monitoring of large-scale civil infrastructure often involves data-collection using a network of numerous sensors of various types. Malfunctioning sensors in the network are common, which can disrupt the condition assessment and even lead to false-negative indications of damage. The overwhelming size of the data collected renders manual approaches to ensure data quality intractable. The task of detecting and classifying an anomaly in the raw data is non-trivial. We propose an approach to automate this task, improving upon the previously developed technique of image-based pre-processing on one-dimensional (1D) data by enriching the features of the neural network input data with multiple channels. In particular, feature engineering is employed to convert the measured time histories into a 3-channel image comprised of (i) the time history, (ii) the spectrogram, and (iii) the probability density function representation of the signal. To demonstrate this approach, a CNN model is designed and trained on a dataset consisting of acceleration records of sensors installed on a long-span bridge, with the goal of fault detection and classification. The effect of imbalance in anomaly patterns observed is studied to better account for unseen test cases. The proposed framework achieves high overall accuracy and recall even when tested on an unseen dataset that is much larger than the samples used for training, offering a viable solution for implementation on full-scale structures where limited labeled-training data is available.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.54-65
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• 2022

Species distribution models are a useful tool for predicting future distribution and establishing a preemptive response of invasive species. However, few studies considered the possibility of habitat for the aquatic organism and the number of target sites was relatively small compared to the area. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is the emerging tool as the methodology obtaining the bulk of species presence data with high detectability. Thus, this study applied eDNA survey results of Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus to species distribution modeling by seasons in the Anyang stream network. Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model evaluated that both species extended potential distribution area in October compared to July from 89.1% (12,110,675 m²) to 99.3% (13,625,525 m²) for M. salmoides and 76.6% (10,407,350 m²) to 100% (13,724,225 m²) for L. macrochirus. The prediction value by streams was varied according to species and seasons. Also, models elucidate the significant environmental variables which affect the distribution by seasons and species. Our results identified the potential of eDNA methodology as a way to retrieve species data effectively and use data for building a model.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.105-116
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present the preemptive prevention and improvement measures for aviation safety management by examining the current status of the aviation industry and the operation system of the aviation safety management system and identifying the shortcomings of the currently operating aviation safety management system. Method: A plan to improve aviation safety management was proposed through an analysis of recent incidents and accidents, current status of domestic laws, and analysis of overseas operating institutions and safety management systems. Result: Through the recent aircraft safety-related incidents, deficiencies of currently operating aviation safety management, and response cases of advanced countries in overseas aviation, improvement points in terms of management systems and laws and preventive aviation safety management plans were derived. Conclusion: The method for improving aviation safety management was presented based on the technique using data, and it should be materialized through additional related research.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2022

Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited purine metabolic disorder that accompanies neurodevelopmental problems. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a relatively common autosomal dominant inherited genetic disorder characterized by tumors in various systems. Some children with NF1 also accompanies neurodevelopmental problems. Here, we describe a 5-year-old boy with a maternally inherited pathogenic variant in NF1 and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). He was referred for severe neurodevelopmental impairment and hyperuricemia. His mother was diagnosed with NF1 and the patient was also suspected of having NF1 because of cafe au lait macules. He had dystonia, rigidity, cognitive deficit, and speech/language impairment. Serum and urine uric acid concentrations were elevated. He had more severe neurodevelopmental delay than patients with only NF1, so his clinical symptoms could not be fully understood by the disease alone. To find the cause of his neurologic symptoms and hyperuricemia, the patient and his mother underwent a whole-exome sequencing test. As a result, the pathogenic variant c.151C>T (p.Arg51Ter) in HPRT1 was identified as hemizygote in the patient and heterozygote in his mother. The pathogenic variant c.7682C>G (p.Ser2561Ter) in NF-1 was identified as heterozygotes in both of them. Although the clinical symptoms of both diseases were overlapping and complicated, genetic testing was helpful for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we suggest to consider preemptive genetic evaluation if there are symptoms not sufficiently explained by known existing diseases. And it is considered valuable to review this rare case to understand the clinical course and possible synergic effects of these diseases.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

This study examines the policy direction for energy self-reliant islands using marine energy. In other words, it was suggested that the environmental characteristics of the ocean should be considered by conducting a strategic marine environmental impact assessment when establishing an energy-independent island project plan. It was also suggested to proceed with preemptive site selection. In particular, it was emphasized that continuous monitoring of the marine environment should be carried out during the construction and operation of the marine energy development project. In addition, I emphasized the need to seek ways to expand marine environmental impact data and to actively participate and support the residents of the island, which is important in promoting self-reliant islands using ocean energy. This can be said to have a high probability of success when the government-led smart grid project group and KEPCO collaborate with each other. The results of the study analyzed through literature review are as follows. First, active participation and support for initiatives led by residents are needed. second,. KEPCO must collaborate with specialized public institutions such as the Smart Grid Project Group. Third, a strategic marine environment impact assessment should be introduced. Fourth, continuous marine environmental impact investigations should be conducted.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.22-35
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• 2023

As information and communication technology has developed remarkably, it has become possible to analyze various types of large-volume data generated at a speed close to real time, and based on this, reliable value creation has become possible. Such big data analysis is becoming an important means of supporting decision-making based on scientific figures. The purpose of this study is to develop a big data analysis tool that can analyze large amounts of data generated through engineering education. The tasks of this study are as follows. First, a database is designed to store the information of entries in the National Creative Capstone Design Contest. Second, the pre-processing process is checked for analysis with big data analysis tools. Finally, analyze the data using the developed big data analysis tool. In this study, 1,784 works submitted to the National Creative Comprehensive Design Contest from 2014 to 2019 were analyzed. As a result of selecting the top 10 words through topic analysis, 'robot' ranked first from 2014 to 2019, and energy, drones, ultrasound, solar energy, and IoT appeared with high frequency. This result seems to reflect the current core topics and technology trends of the 4th Industrial Revolution. In addition, it seems that due to the nature of the Capstone Design Contest, students majoring in electrical/electronic, computer/information and communication engineering, mechanical engineering, and chemical/new materials engineering who can submit complete products for problem solving were selected. The significance of this study is that the results of this study can be used in the field of engineering education as basic data for the development of educational contents and teaching methods that reflect industry and technology trends. Furthermore, it is expected that the results of big data analysis related to engineering education can be used as a means of preparing preemptive countermeasures in establishing education policies that reflect social changes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2023

The ventral midline approach (VMA) and right flank approach (RFA) are common procedures for the sterilization of bitches. This study compared the different parameters viz. total duration of surgery, recovery time, and length of the incision as well as body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, and SpO2 in each approach. Twenty (20) bitches were divided randomly for the RFA and VMA. Meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously half an hour before the induction to provide preemptive analgesia. Diazepam and ketamine were administered intravenously at dose rates of 0.25 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg, and 0.17 mg/kg and 3.33 mg/kg, respectively to produce and maintain anesthesia. Each parameter was recorded at the pre-operative, operative and post-operative times. The average duration of surgery and length of incision of RFA (16.1 ± 5.13 min and 2.44 ± 0.83 cm) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the VMA (21.3 ± 5.48 min and 3.53 ± 0.7 cm). The operated bitches showed hypothermia (p < 0.05) at 1 hour compared to baseline and 24 hours of surgery. Heart and respiration rates increased significantly (p < 0.05) during traction and severing of ovarian ligaments in bitches within the RFA group, but there was no significant difference within VMA approaches. The sedation score was significantly higher (p < 0.05) at 1 hour after surgery in both approaches. Based on the duration of surgery and length of incision RFA approach was quick and minimal skin wound. Further studies on bitches considering molecular investigations of surgical stress are imperative.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.589-600
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• 2022

Longline fishery targeting tunas and tuna-like species is known to produce a significant amount of catch not only for the target species, but also for ecologically related species like sharks, marine turtles, sea birds and marine mammals. Recognizing this seriousness, tuna related regional fisheries management organizations (t-RFMOs) have established conservation and management measures (CMMs) to reduce bycatch and/or interaction with ecosystem vulnerable species including sea turtles and are obliged to implement bycatch mitigation measures and guidelines on safe release to their member countries. Along with development and strengthening of those measures, various case studies have been conducting to verify the effectiveness of bycatch mitigation for ecologically related species. This study examines the background and progress on developing CMMs of t-RFMOs and regulation programs of the United States related to sea turtles, which have recently become one of the main issues, and reviews case studies on sea turtle bycatch mitigation measures to find out the effectiveness of reducing bycatch rate and impacts to the fisheries. In order to respond the consultation process on certification determination with the United States, it was confirmed the current status of implementation on related measures conducted by Korean tuna longline fishery based on scientific observer data and survey for captains. Even though all Korean tuna longline fleets belong to the deep-set longline fishery (100-300m), which is not subject to the obligation of those mitigation measures, they are voluntarily implementing both measures, use of circle hook and whole finfish bait, regardless of which RFMO's Convention area they operate. And the national regulatory and management programs for sea turtle bycatch prevention adopted by Republic of Korea seems to be comparable in effectiveness to that of the United Stated. However, Korea needs to take preemptive measures in establishing sustainable fisheries, including the protection of the marine ecosystem and environment, as stronger requests are anticipated to be made by the international community on this matter.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.405-416
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• 2023

Recent seismic activities in countries like China and Turkey have underscored the widespread and severe damages that earthquakes can inflict globally. Being situated in a seismically active zone, South Korea can no longer regard itself as immune to earthquake hazards, necessitating the urgent adoption of proactive measures against such threats. The government has been proactive in evaluating, formulating processes, and methods for the seismic retrofitting of public buildings lacking in earthquake resistance. However, enforcement mechanisms for privately-owned apartment complexes are absent, and in the face of insufficient previous research and guidelines, preemptive measures for public safety remain alarmingly inadequate. With over 48% of residential structures in Korea aged over 30 years, and apartment complexes constituting more than 80% of these, the gravity of the situation is undeniable. This study deduces key factors for seismic retrofitting of apartment buildings like earthquake zones, soil type, building significance, aging degree, vulnerability, etc., based on building seismic design codes. It further proposes an algorithm for a more succinct and efficient determination of the priority of seismic reinforcements for apartment buildings.