• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.872-879
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• 2016

Demand of natural interior finishing material has been widely sprayed in nowadays because many weak people as children, pregnant women, and elder people are being struggled with sick house syndrome due to volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde, toluene, benzene, etc. Our research group developed a no-added formaldehyde adhesive for wood-based panels from mainly rice powder and some additives in the previous study for abating sick house syndrome. Since the rice powder adhesive provides a good source of nutrients with microorganisms, it was suspected a susceptibility of the rice powder adhesive to fungal and sapstain attack. We evaluated anti-sapstain activity of the rice powder adhesives modified by adding wood preservatives. We modified the rice powder adhesive by adding three different types of anti-sapstain preservatives at three different concentrations to assess their anti-sapstin activity. The bonding strengths of the modified rice powder adhesives were still outstanding performance on all samples. Moreover, the plywood manufactured with the modified rice powder adhesive satisfied outdoor use requirement for ordinary plywood (KS F3101, Korean Standard). The results obtained showed that at least 3% of preservative should be added to the rice powder adhesive to obtain effective anti-sapstain activity.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2012

Study was conducted to determine and assess the effect of different type of denture adhesives on the incisal bite force of complete denture wearers until the dislodgement of upper denture, using pressure transducer. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 30 patients out of 100 were included in the study. Based on the Kapur's method of scoring denture retention and stability, these patients were divided into 3 groups-Group A - Clinically good dentures; Group B - Clinically fair dentures; and Group C - Clinically poor dentures. A custom made occlusal force meter was constructed based on the load cell type of pressure transducers. Different adhesives (powder, paste and adhesive strips) were used in the study. Complete denture wearers were asked to bite on the load cell and the readings of incisal bite force were recorded. The readings of incisal bite force were subjected to statistical analysis using Repeated measures ANOVA followed by post-hoc bonferroni test. RESULTS. The result suggests that denture adhesives improved the incisal bite force of complete denture wearers significantly The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group A without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 2.48 (${\pm}0.16$), 3.43 (${\pm}0.11$), 6.01 (${\pm}0.11$), 3.22 (${\pm}0.09$) respectively. The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group B without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 1.87 (${\pm}0.18$), 3.35 (${\pm}0.14$), 5.34 (${\pm}0.18$), 3.21 (${\pm}0.12$) respectively. The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group C without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 1.00 (${\pm}0.17$), 3.07 (${\pm}0.14$), 4.37 (${\pm}0.26$), 2.99 (${\pm}0.14$) respectively. CONCLUSION. Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that the use of denture adhesive was found to be significantly effective in improving the incisal bite force of complete dentures until the dislodgement of upper denture. Fittydent paste adhesive was found to be more effective than the powder and strips adhesives. The improvement in incisal bite force was found to be higher in Group C in comparison to that of Group A and Group B.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.399-400
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• 2006

M390 microclean(R) of $B{\ddot{o}}hler$ Edelstahl is a powder metallurgical plastic mould steel with a high level of corrosion and wear resistance and therefore often used in the plastics processing industry. But as a consequence of rapidly advancing developments in the plastics processing industry the required level of wear resistance of tool steels in this field is constantly rising. For that reason a new PM tool steel with higher hardness values and an increased amount of primary carbides has been developed to improve the resistance against abrasive and adhesive wear. The wear resistance of both steels against adhesive situations for components of the plastification unit of injection moulding machines has been tested with a novel method. In case of processing polyolefins with an injection moulding machine it was found that there is adhesive wear between the check-ring and the flights of the screw tip of the non-return valve under certain circumstances. The temperature in that region was measured with an infrared temperature sensor. The existence of significant peaks of that signal was used as an indicator for an adhesive wear situation.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2003년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.383-386
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• 2003

In this study, the MMA-modified paste mixed waste rubber powder, which has a small elastic modulus and a large modification, was produced by using the soft unsaturated polyester resin(UP) as a binder. Then the adhesive properties according to the matrices in both underwater and air-dry conditions and the hardening shrinkage according to the contents of shrinkage reducing agent(SRA) and of MMA were surveyed. The experimental results show that, regardless of humidity of matrices the adhesive strength of polymer concrete was larger than cement concrete. the adhesive strength of MMA content of 20% was larger than MMA content of 30%. regardless of matrix materials the adhesive strength in water condition were $20{\sim}30%$ comparing with the air-dry condition. The case of MMA content of 20% showed the largest adhesive strength. In the hardening shrinkage experiment, the hardening shrinkage reduced as MMA and SRA contents increased, and the decrease of the hardening shrinkage by SRA was larger.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1984

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 토란분말(土卵粉末) 및 밀가루 분말(粉末)을 알카리와 반응(反應)시켜 제조(製造)한 접착제(接着劑)를 합판용(合板用)으로 개발(開發)코저 실시(實施)하였다. 토란(土卵) 및 밀가루 접착제(接着劑) 대(對) 요소수지(尿素樹脂)의 비(比)를 각각(各各) 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 80:20, 100:0으로 혼합(混合)하여 합판접착(合板接着)에 적용(適用)하였으며 또한 비교실험(比較實驗)을 위하여 요소수지(尿素樹脂)에 대한 통상적(通常的)인 증량방법(增量方法)인 밀가루 분말(粉末) 대(對) 요소수지(尿素樹脂)와의 증량비(增量比)를 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50으로 혼합(混合)한 접착제(接着劑)로 합판(合板)을 제조(製造)하여 그 접착력(接着力)을 비교(比較) 분석(分析)하였다. 토란접착제(土卵接着劑)에 요소수지(尿素樹脂)를 30:70의 비(比)로 혼합(混合)한 것이 상태(常態) 및 내수접착력(耐水接着力)에서 가장 우수한 토란접착제(土卵接着劑)에 요소수지(尿素樹脂)를 혼합(混合)하여 제조(製造)한 합판(合板)의 상태접착력(常態接着力)은 혼합비(混合比) 60:40 까지는 같은 혼합비(混合比)의 밀가루 접착제(接着劑)를 혼합(混合)한 것과 밀가루 분말(粉末)을 증량(增量)한 것보다 높은 값을 나타냈다. 밀가루 접착제(接着劑)에 요소수지(尿素樹脂)에 혼합(混合)한 합판(合板)의 상태접착력(常態接着力)은 밀가루 분말(粉末)을 증량(增量)한 것과 비교(比較)하여 혼합비(混合比) 20:80(밀가루 접착제(接着劑) : 요소수지)까지는 비슷한 값을 보이다가 혼합비(混合比) 30:70에서부터는 높은 값을 나타내고 있다. 토란접착제(土卵接着劑) 및 밀가루 접착제(接着劑)를 요소수지(尿素樹脂)에 혼합(混合)한 합판(合板)의 내수접착력(耐水接着力)은 혼합비(混合比) 40:60(토란(土卵) 및 밀가루 접착제(接着劑) : 요소수지(尿素樹脂)) 까지는 밀가루 분말(粉末)을 증량(增量)한 것보다 훨씬 높은 값을 나타내었다. 토란접착제(土卵接着劑)를 혼합(混合)한 것은 밀가루 접착제(接着劑)를 혼합(混合)한 것과 비교(比較)하여 전혼합비(全混合比)에서 높은 내수접착력(耐水接着力)을 보였다. 밀가루 분말(粉末)을 직접(直接) 증량제(增量劑)로 가용(使用)한 것보다 알카리와 반응(反應)시켜 만든 토란접착제(土卵接着劑) 및 밀가루 접착제(接着劑)를 혼합(混合)한 것이 상태(常態) 및 내수접착력(耐水接着力)을 상당(相當)히 증진(增進)시킬 수 있었는데 이것은 제조(製造)된 접착제(接着劑) 자체(自體)가 접착성(接着性)을 갖기 때문에 나타난 결과(結果)로 생각된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2010

This is to show some basic data for introducing both circulated aggregate and recycled powder producing waste concrete. Standard-mixing design for 24MPa has been basically used and added and replaced normal aggregate with recycled powder made of waste concrete. In addition, polycarboxylate high-range water reducing agent has been used because recycled powder is missing adhesive strength and it is not compare with cement's adhesive strength. Compressive strength with powder mixture of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% has been decreased down to 80% of normal concrete material strength without recycled powder mixture. This result has same decreasing proportion to tensile strength of the material. Resistant capacity change of beam varying with recycled powder mixture has been decreased down to 60% of normal concrete bean capacity, while there are 80% decrease of material strength. But strength and capacity change has same consistent decrease ratio. It is found that recycled powder with approximately 15% unit concrete volume can be replaced with cement in reasonable admixture mixing condition.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.300-303
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• 2004

In this study, the mixing contents of ceramic powder and of shrinkage-reducing agent (SRA) influencing on the strength properties of MMA-modified polymer paste were examined. Regardless of SRA content, the flexural. the compressive and the adhesive strengths of the MMA-modified polymer paste tended to increase as the mixing content of ceramic powder increased. On the other hand, those strengths of the polymer paste tended to decrease as the mixing content of SRA increased without regard to the paste content. Furthermore. the adhesive strength of MMA-modified polymer paste in a wet condition decreased about $30-40\%$ of that in an air-dry condition without regard to the mixing content of ceramic powder and SRA.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

The adhesives joining Buddhist scripture scrolls from medieval Korea(Goryeo Dynasty, A.D. 918~1392) are different from wheat starch adhesive. The composition of the adhesive was analyzed using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared(ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. In the adhesive used to join Buddhist scripture scrolls, peaks attributed to amide I and amide II of the protein and carbohydrate were detected in the ATR-FTIR spectra, and no carbonyl peak($1745cm^{-1}$) for oil was detected in the 2nd derivative ATR-FTIR spectra. The ATR-FTIR spectra almost coincided with those of defatted soybean powder adhesive. Hence, the adhesives joining Buddhist scripture scrolls were inferred to be soybean adhesive prepared from a defatted soybean cake.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.864-870
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• 2011

As an isotropic conductive adhesive, that is, a hybrid Cu paste composed of Cu powder, solder powder, and a fluxing resin system, has been quantitatively characterized. The mechanism of an electrical connection based on a novel concept of electrical conduction is experimentally characterized using an analysis of a differential scanning calorimeter and scanning electron microscope energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The oxide on the metal surface is sufficiently removed with an increase in temperature, and intermetallic compounds between the Cu and melted solder are simultaneously generated, leading to an electrical connection. The reliability of the hybrid Cu paste is experimentally identified and compared with existing Ag paste. As an example of a practical application, the hybrid Cu paste is used for LED packaging, and its electrical and thermal performances are compared with the commercialized Ag paste. In the present research, it is proved that, except the optical function, the electrical and thermal performances are similar to pre-existing Ag paste. The hybrid Cu paste could be used as an isotropic conductive adhesive due to its low production cost.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 1984

The toxic effect of adhesive resins on the dog's pulp tissue was studied with 70 teeth from 5 dogs. The experimental materials were Clearfil, a mixture of Clearfil with calcium hydroxide powder, Panavia-EX, and a mixture of Panavia-EX with calcium hydroxide powder. As a control group, calcium hydroxide powder was used. Each material was placed on the pulpotomized tissue surface. After 3 days, 1, 2,4, and 6 weeks, the teeth and apical tissue were processed routinly and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Pathological tissue changes due to the toxicity of adhesive resins were observed by light microscope, and the pH of Panavia-EX and the Bonding agent of Clearfil were measured. Following were the results; 1. In the group of calcium hydroxide powder, slight inflammatory change was observed in the pulpotomized surface and adjacent pulp tissue on 3 day. 1 week case showed incomplete dentin bridge. The remaining pulp tissue was normalized according to the days elapsed. 2. In the group of Clearfil, early inflammatory change revealed in the superificial portion of the remaining pulp tissue on 3 day. The inflammation spreaded over the total pulp tissue and partial necrosis was observed in 1 week and 2 week cases. Total necrosis of pulp tissue and moderate inflammatory change at the apical tissue was noticed in 4 week and 6 week cases. 3. In the group of Panavia-EX, moderate inflammatory change appeared in the superficial pulp tissue on 3 day, and severe inflammatory change over all pulp tissue found in 1 week case. Pulp necrosis was obvious in 2 week case. 4 week and 6 week cases were totally necrotized up to the periapical tissue. 4. In the groups of mixtures with calcium hydroxide powder, the pulp tissue destruction was retarded, compared with the groups of Clearfil and Panavia-EX. 5. Panavia-EX was more destructive than Clearfil. 6. The acidity of freshly mixed Bonding agent of Cleafil was pH 4.0, and that of Panavia-EX was pH 2.0.