• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.296-302
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of organic content level on ultimate methane potential and anaerobic biodegradability of substrate by biochemical methane potential assay. Three organic matters (whole sludge and liquid and solid fraction of sludge) of the same origin, which had different organic contents, were fermented at the batch anaerobic reactor for 70 days. Ultimate methane potential and anaerobic biodegradability were determined by the terms of volatile solid (VS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Volatile solid contents of whole sludge and solid and liquid fraction of sludge were 2.4, 18.8, and 0.2% and COD were 5.3, 30.4, and 0.5%, respectively. Ultimate methane potentials ($B_u$-COD) and anaerobic biodegradability ($D_{VS}$) determined by VS content were $0.5Nm^3kg^{-1}-VS_{added}$, 76.3% for whole sludge, $0.5Nm^3kg^{-1}-VS_{added}$, 76.3% for the liquid fraction of sludge, and $0.6Nm^3kg^{-1}-VS_{added}$, 77.0% for the solid fraction of sludge. Ultimate methane potentials ($B_u$-COD) and anaerobic biodegradability ($D_{COD}$) determined by COD were $0.2Nm^3kg^{-1}-COD_{added}$, 73.4% for whole sludge, $0.2Nm^3kg^{-1}-VS_{added}$, 74.0% for the liquid fraction of sludge, and $0.33Nm^3kg^{-1}-COD_{added}$, 99.1% for the solid fraction of sludge. In conclusion, ultimate methane potential and anaerobic biodegradability given by the VS term showed more reasonable results because COD might be underestimated by the interference of $NH_4{^+}$ in the case of highly concentrated organic material.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3781-3789
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• 2012

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors with a dismal prognosis. The membrane cytoskeletal crosslinker Ezrin participates in several functions including cell proliferation, adhesion, motility and survival. There is increasing evidence that Ezrin is overexpressed in vast majority of malignant tumors and regulates tumor progression. However, its roles in pancreatic cancer remain elusive. Methods: Three pairs of specific Ezrin siRNAs were designed and synthetized and screened to determine the most efficient one for construction of a hairpin RNA plasmid targeting Ezrin. After transfection into the Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cell line, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were performed to examine the expression of mRNA and protein. The MTT method was applied to examine the proliferation and the drug sensibility to Gemcitabine. Flow cytometry was used to assess the cycle and apoptosis, while capacity for invasion was determined with transwell chambers. Furthermore, we detected phosphorylated-Erk1/2 protein and phosphorylated-Akt protein by Western blotting. Results: Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting revealed that Ezrin expression was notably down-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels by RNA interference (P< 0.01). Proliferation was inhibited and drug resistance to gemcitabine was improved (P< 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of cells in the G1/G0 phase increased (P< 0.01), and in G2/M and S phases decreased (P< 0.05), with no apparent differences in apoptosis (P> 0.05). The capacity for invasion was markedly reduced (P< 0.01). In addition, down-regulating Ezrin expression had no effect on phosphorylated-Akt protein (P>0.05), but could decrease the level of phosphorylated-Erk1/2 protein (P< 0.05). Conclusions: RNA interference of Ezrin could inhibit its expression in the pancreatic cancer cells line Panc-1, leading to a potent suppression of malignant behavior in vitro. Assessment of potential as a target for pancreatic cancer treatment is clearly warranted.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2011

본 논문은 안전 서비스를 제공하는 Global Positioning System(GPS) 보호 비(Ratio of Interference to Noise: I/N) 도출을 위해 Ultra Wide Band(UWB)로부터 GPS 간섭 영향을 분석하였다. GPS 측위 오차 2.5 m 이하를 만족하기 위한 UWB 송신기와 GPS 수신기 사이의 최소 보호 거리를 산출하였고, 최소 결합 손실 방법(Minimum Coupling Loss: MCL)을 이용하여 측위 오차를 만족하는 UWB 송신기와 GPS 수신기 사이의 보호 거리 값에 근거하여 GPS 시스템의 보호비(I/N)를 도출하였다. 그 결과, 측위 오차 2.5 m 이하를 만족하기 위한 GPS 보호 거리는 10 m 이상으로 계산되었고, 이를 만족하기 위한 GPS 보호비(I/N)는 -20 dB 이하로 도출되었다. 제안된 GPS 시스템 보호비는 국제전기통신연합(ITU-R)에서 제안한 GPS 시스템 중 안전 서비스에 해당하는 보호비(I/N)를 만족시킴을 확인하였다. 또한, 본 논문을 통해 얻어진 GPS 보호 비의 결과는 안정적인 국내 GPS 시스템 운용을 위한 기준으로 이용될 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

인터넷 규모의 확장과 트래픽의 증가로 인해 발생하는 망 혼잡 상황을 해결하기 위해 본 연구는 망 제어 기술의 일환책으로서 간섭 예측 정보를 이용한 online 라우팅 알고리듬을 제안한다. 차세대 통합망은 사용자 서비스별 요구 수준에 따라 종단간의 QoS를 보장해야 한다. 이를 위해 동적 대역폭 할당이 효율적으로 이루어져야 하며, 망 전체 성능을 고려한 경로 설정 알고리듬이 필요하다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리듬은 현재 라우팅 요청이 요구하는 대역폭의 양이 미래의 잠재적인 트래픽을 간섭하는 정도를 예측하여, 이를 최소화시키는 방안을 제시한다. 망 전체 성능을 최대화하고, 한정된 자원이 낭비되는 것을 방지하기 위해 제안 알고리듬은 요구 대역폭, link 상태정보, 그리고 ingress-egress pair 정보 등을 복합적으로 고려한다. 또한 간섭을 예측하는 것은 동적으로 변화하는 망 상황에서 보장된 대역폭을 제공하게 함으로써 사용자의 요구를 최대한 수용할 수 있게 한다. 본 논문에서는 Internet traffic engineering에 적합한 최적 경로 설정 알고리듬을 제안하기 위해 라우팅 알고리듬이 갖추어야 할 요구 조건과 최근 연구동향을 분석하였으며, QoS 라우팅의 대표적인 연구사례를 분석하였다. 그리고 이를 기반으로 기존의 알고리듬의 문제점을 파악하고 최적의 해결 방안을 제시한다. 개선된 사항은 시뮬레이션을 통해 기존 알고리듬과 비교 및 분석되었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2729-2731
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• 2005

In present, most of metallic structures(gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) are running parallel with subway and power line in seoul. Moreover subway system and power line make a stray current due to electrical corrosion on metallic structures. The owner of metallic structures has a burden of responsibility for the protection of corrosion and the prevention against big accident such as gas explosion or soil pollution and so on. So, they have to measure and analyze the data about P/S(Pipe to Soil) potential due to stray current of subway system. In this paper, results of development about Real-time Wireless Remote Monitoring System for Stray Current of Subway System are presented.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2732-2734
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• 2005

In present, most of metallic structures(gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) are running parallel with subway and power line in seoul. Moreover subway system and power line make a stray current due to electrical corrosion on metallic structures. The owner of metallic structures has a burden of responsibility for the protection of corrosion and the prevention against big accident such as gas explosion or soil pollution and so on. So, they have to measure and analyze the data about P/S(Pipe to Soil) potential due to stray current of subway system. So, we have developed the Real-time Wireless Remote Monitoring System for Stray Current of Subway System. In this system, the permanent buried type reference electrode is necessary. In this paper, results of development about the permanent buried type reference electrode($Cu/CuSO_4$) are presented.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.310-317
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• 2020

A development of disposable strip-type galactose sensor for point-of-care testing (POCT) was studied, which was constructed using screen-printed carbon electrodes. Galactose levels were determined by the redox reaction of galactose oxidase in the presence of potassium ferricyanide as an electron transfer mediator in a small sample volume (i.e., less than 1 µL). The optimal performance of biosensor was systematically designated by varying applied potential, operating pH, mediator concentration, and amount of enzyme on the electrode. The sensor system was identified as a highly active for the galactose measurement in terms of the sensitivity (slope = 4.76 ± 0.05 nA/µM) with high sensor-to-sensor reproducibility, the linearity (R² = 0.9915 in galactose concentration range from 0 to 400 µM), and response time (t_95% = <17 s). A lower applied potential (i.e., 0.25 V vs. Ag/AgCl) allowed to minimize interference from readily oxidizable metabolites such as ascorbic acid, acetaminophen, uric acid, and acetoacetic acid. The proposed galactose sensor represents a promising system with advantage for use in POCT.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.466-467
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• 2008

In case of a line-to-ground fault at transmission lines, a portion of fault current will flow into the earth through the footings of the faulted tower causing electrical potential rise nearby the faulted tower footings. In this situation, any buried pipelines or structures nearby the faulted tower can be exposed to the electrical stress by earth potential rise. Although many research works has been conducted on this phenomena, there has been no clear answer of the required separation distance between tower footings and neary buried pipeline because of its dependancy on the soil electrical charactersics of the concerned area and the faulted system.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.4-9
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• 2013

Leptin, a 16-kDa cytokine, is secreted by adipose tissue in response to the surplus of fat store. Thereby, the brain is informed about the body's energy status. In the hypothalamus, leptin triggers specific neuronal subpopulations (e.g., POMC and NPY neurons) and activates several intracellular signaling events, including the JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K, and mTOR pathway, which eventually translates into decreased food intake and increased energy expenditure. Leptin signal is inhibited by a feedback inhibitory pathway mediated by SOCS3. PTP1B involves another inhibitory pathway of leptin. Leptin potently promotes fat mass loss and body weight reduction in lean subjects. However, it is not widely used in the clinical field because of leptin resistance, which is a common feature of obesity characterized by hyperleptinemia and the failure of exogenous leptin administration to provide therapeutic benefit in rodents and humans. The potential mechanisms of leptin resistance include the following: 1) increases in circulating leptin-binding proteins, 2) reduced transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier, 3) decreased leptin receptor-B (LRB), and/or 4) the provocation of processes that diminish cellular leptin signaling (inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, feedback inhibition, etc.). Thus, interference of the cellular mechanisms that attenuate leptin signaling improves leptin action in cells and animal models, suggesting the potential utility of these processes as points of therapeutic intervention. Various experimental trials and compounds that improve leptin resistance are introduced in this paper.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose the method to eliminate EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) in ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) band below 2 KHz for extending the gesture-recognition distance of smart TVs to more than 3m using electric potential sensor. First, we measure the electric field generated from the back panel of a TV and propose the effective arrangement of two sets of differential sensors as well as the shielding method using metal fiber. Also, we eliminate the PLN (Power Line Noise) and other noise generated from the TV and sensors as well as surrounding environments using filters. Using the proposed EMI eliminating methods, we evaluate displacement ratio on measured signals according to distance between sensors and a moving hand. Experiment results show that our proposed method can extend the hand-gesture sensing distance using EPS (Electric Potential Sensor) up to more than 3m, which is enough to satisfy applicability of EPS based remote control to Smart TVs.