• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2009

Jayoung was bred within the potato breeding program of Highland Agriculture Research Center (HARC), National Institute of Crop Science. It was originated from a cross made between Atlantic as a female and AG34314 as a male parent in 2003. Jayoung was evaluated as a clone number Daegwan 1-104 for the growth and tuber characteristics, yielding ability, and resistance to major potato diseases in the regional yield trials from 2006 to 2007. Finally, this clone was renamed as Jayoung and was presented to Korean Seed & Variety Service in 2007 for registration as a new potato cultivar. Jayoung has a oval shape, shallow eye depth, dark purple skinned and fleshed tuber characteristics. Its mean tuber yields from the regional yield trials was 37.3 MT/ha, and it showed the highest yield in spring cropping. Jayoung showed high resistance to both common scab (Streptomyces scabies) and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), however it was susceptible to late blight (Phytophthora infestans). The dry matter content of Jayoung was fairy high 20.3%, therefore it is suitable for both chip processing and table usage. Its anthocyanin content was the highest in autumn cropping as 43.7 mg/100 g fresh weight and its mean anthocyanin content was 4.7 times higher than that of Jasim.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.502-506
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• 2009

"Hongyoung" was bred within the potato breeding program of National Institute of Highland Agriculture (NIHA). It was originated from a cross made between Atlantic as a female and AG34314 as a male parent in 2003. "Hongyoung" was evaluated as a clone number Daegwan 1-102 for the growth and tuber characteristics, yielding ability, and resistance to major diseases in the regional yield trials from 2006 to 2007. Finally, this clone was renamed as "Hongyoung" and was presented to Korean Seed & Variety Service in 2007 for registration as a new potato cultivar. "Hongyoung" has a round shape, shallow eye depth, red skinned and fleshed tuber characteristics. Its mean tuber yields from the regional yield trials was 37.4 MT/ha, and it showed the highest yield in spring cropping. "Hongyoung" showed high resistance to common scab (Streptomyces scabies) and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), however it was susceptible to both potato virus Y (PVY) and late blight (Phytophthora infestans). The dry matter content of "Hongyoung" was low to medium 17.7%, therefore it is suitable for table use. Its anthocyanin content was the highest in autumn cropping with 31.8 mg/100g fresh weight and it contained 3.6 times higher anthocyanin than the control, Jasim.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.556-564
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• 2017

Appropriate soil temperature and early planting of potato is very important for the successful potato-soybean cropping system in central region of South Korea. This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of mulching materials on the growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Five different mulch treatments were had been applied on an upland soil as follows ; no mulch (NM), transparent film (TF), transparent film + additional transparent film (TF + ATF), black film (BF), and black film + additional transparent film (ATF). In the period of sowing time to removing additional films, mean soil temperature of the treatments was in the order of TF+ATF > TF > BR+ATF > BF as $20.3^{\circ}C$ > $18.5^{\circ}C$ > $16.1^{\circ}C$ > $15.4^{\circ}C$, respectively and that of NM was $13.8^{\circ}C$. The accumulated soil temperature was TF > NM > BF during the removing additional films to earthing at inter-tillage. On the changes in the soil temperature during a whole day, the temperature in the BF was lower than NM during around 18:00 PM to 12:00 NM, while NM was higher than BF in the time period of 10:00AM to 21:00PM. The sequence of potato sprout emergence was 15 > 18 > 20 > 22 days of TF+ATF, TF, BF+ATF, and BF, respectively and that of NM was 24 days. Comparing to the NM, potato sprout emergence was observed on the TF+ATF treated plot as early as 9 days. At 10 days before harvest, the significant difference in the tuber dry weight had been observed and the sequence tuber weight was in the order of TF > TF+ATF > BF+ATF > BF > NM. The potato yields of TF, TF+ATF, and BF+ATF were increased of 40.7, 37.3, and 22% as compared to NM ($2,805kg\;10a^{-1}$), but almost same yield in the BF. The differences of tuber dry weight and potato yields was co-related with the temperature rise of soil by the application of mulching materials on soil. Based on these results, application of mulching film had been very effective to increase the tuber size and the yield of potato by the temperature rise during seedling stage of potato. Transparent mulching was better than black mulching especially for the emergence of sprout of potato in relation to minimizing cooling injury.

• Mycobiology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2012

Four Cladobotryum isolates were collected from four different commercially grown mushroom types infected with cobweb disease in Cheongdo-gun and Chilgok-gun of Gyeongbuk Province, Korea in 2010. The isolates were identified as C. mycophilum from Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus eryngii, C. varium from Flammulina velutipes and Hypsizygus marmoreus. The cultural characteristics of the four isolates were investigated using potato dextrose agar (PDA) media under nine different temperatures ranging from $5{\sim}32^{\circ}C$. Rapid growth of the isolates to colony diameters of 47~82 mm was observed at conditions of $18{\sim}22^{\circ}C$. No growth was observed at $32^{\circ}C$. C. mycophilum produced a yellowish red pigment while C. varium produced a cream colored pigment after cultivation for 25 days on PDA. Phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region and partial 28S rDNA from the four isolates confirmed they were C. mycophilum and C. varium. Cross pathogenicity tests revealed that the two isolates of C. mycophilum were highly pathogenic toward three mushroom types, but not toward H. marmoreus. The two isolates of C. varium were less pathogenic than those of C. mycophilum, but were pathogenic toward all mushroom types evaluated.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.7
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• pp.5-13
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• 1969

Present system of seed potato production in Korea has several weak points and consequently has difficulties in covering annual shortage of 60,000 tons of seed potatoes. The author has an opinion that this so called 'High land system' of seed potato production adopted by the Government should be replaced by the 'Coastal area system' which is proposed by the author and has many advantages over present 'High land system'(2). In coastal areas where enormous acreage of rice paddies are spread, mostly around the villages. the primary host plants of the vectors are found. Therefore, the only source of aphid vectors are limited to the villages. The farmer's houses scattered more sparsely also have minor importance. In the previous paper(2), the author reported that the aphid vector populations were lower in the coastalareas than at Taegwanryong where the Alpine Experiment Station for the production. of seed potatoes is located. However, the number to vectors at Okku showed rather high density, where the trap was placed at the distance of 200 m from a village where peach and Hibiscus trees, the primary hosts of Myzus pesrsicae and Aphis gossypii were grown. To clarify the flight distance from the source of the aphid vectors, a trial was carried out in the Kwanghwal area, Kimje-gun, Cholla-pukto. on the western coast. 13 traps were placed at four directions and the distances between the traps were 250 m. (Fig. I) The traps 'Were operated from June 21 to October 31. The results are shown in Table 1. A total of some 70 species of aphids were found, including 5 speceis of potato virus vectors. The vectors are as follows: I. Myzus persicae (Sulzer) 2. Aphis gossypii Glover 3. Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) 4. Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) 5. Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillette) Out of a total of 12,797 aphids, 5,187$(48\%)$ vectors were found. The trap catches at the 13 locations are shown in Fig. 2 and the numbers of the vectors at each location for each vector, except Macro-siphoniella sanborni. of which only a single individual was caught, are shown in Fig. 3-6. Number of vectors at C (3,279) (Centre of the village) is considerably higher than that at Suwon (763); however, EI. SI. WI and NI. where the distanecs from Care 250 m, showed lower numbers of vectors than that at Taegwanryong (347). The number of vectors at NI was rather than at the other 3 locations at the distance of 250m from the village. This was because C was in the southern part of the village. Consequently NI was much closer to the village than the other 3 locations of the same distance from C. Numbers of catches of the most important vector. Myzus persicae, are shown in Fig.3. The distribution pattern is typical except $S-2\;and\;W_3$, where several farmer's houses were found. If only the rice paddies were found in these locations. the numbers of the vectors would be small as the distances increase. Numbers of catches of the other 3 vectors are shown in Fig. 4-6. From these results. the author has drawn the following conclusions: 1. The aphid vector sources at the rice paddy belt in the western coast are the villages. 2. The vector densities at the locations where the distances are 250 m from the centre of the village are lower than that at Taegwanryong. 3. The vector densities become gradually lower as the distances from the centre of village increase. However. depending on the host plant situation at each location, the vector densities are variable. These minor sources of aphid vectors may be eliminated so that seed potatoes can be grown. 4. Thus. under the direction of specialists, fields suitable for seed potato production can be found in the coastal areas.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2008

Colored potatoes are an excellent source of dietary polyphenols including anthocyanins. Generally, anthocyanins from fruits and vegetables exhibit anti-carcinogenesis and anti-cancer properties in vitro test. This experiment was conducted to know the effects of colored potato extracts contained anthocyanins on antimutagenic activity and anticancer activity to six human cancer cell lines containing LNCaP (androgen-dependent) prostate cancer cells. Extracts of three colored potatoes ('Hongyoung', 'Jayoung' and 'Jasim') and the white potato ('Superior') cultivars were used in this study. The extracts of three colored potatoes inhibited the mutagenicities induced by direct mutagen such as 4-nitro-quinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) and another indirect mutagens of bezo(a)pyrene (BaP). Also, the extracts of 'Hoyoung' and 'Jayoung' showed higher antimutagenic activity than 'Jasim' and 'Superior' against to direct or indirect mutagen on both strains of TA98 and TA100. The activity of growth-inhibitory of extract of four potato cultivars were screened by SRB (sulphorhodamine B) method on diverse human cancer cells representing different types of cancers. Among the extract of four potato cultivars, the extract of 'Jasim' showed moderate inhibition on proliferation of LNCaP, ACHN and MOLT-4F cells and did not inhibit the proliferation of other cancer cells. On the other hand, extract of 'Superior' did not inhibit the proliferation of any tested cancer cell lines. However, the extracts of 'Hongyoung and Jayoung' inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells with $GI_{50}$ values ranging from 2.5 to $30\;{\mu}g/mL$. On the basis of the $GI_{50}$ values, it is clear that LNCaP cells were more sensitive to extracts of colored potato cultivars than other cancer cells. The extract of 'Jayoung' at $30\;{\mu}g/mL$ were more active and inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells. This result revealed that the extracts of colored potatoes are expected to be good candidate for development into source of antimutagenic and anticancer agent.

• Mycobiology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.57-59
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• 2003

A leaf spot of cotton rose(Hibiscus mutabilis) occurred severely in the flower beds of cotton rose around Uiryeong-gun, Gyeongnam Province in Korea. The causal fungus was identified as Corynespora cassiicola on the basis of cultural and morphological characteristics of the fungus. The fungus grew well on potato dextrose agar and the colony color was gray to brown. Conidia were solitary or catenate, obclavate to cylindrical in shape, and pale olivaceous brown or brown in color. They had 420 pseudosepta, and measured $35.2{\sim}173.6{\times}8.8{\sim}19.9{\mu}m$. Conidia germinated as a bipolar type. Conidiophores were pale to mid brown in color, and measured $74.2{\sim}275.6{\times}3.8{\sim}10.8{\mu}m$. Optimal temperature for mycelial growth was $30^{\circ}C$. The fungal isolate grown on PDA showed strong pathogenicity to cotton rose plant. This is the first report on the corynespora leaf spot of cotton rose(Hibiscus mutabilis) caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2017

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.385-404
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• 2009

The youth's rural rehabilitation movement started the crusade against illiteracy and poverty with all young educated elites including Whang Jongjin(a student of Yesan Public Agricultural High School) of the village, Shiryang-ri. Deoksan-myon. Yesan-gun. Among others, Patriot Youn(1908-1932) initiated the movement. The main projects of the agricultural extension were the Evening School(1926), Reading Club, the Woljin.Hoe(1929), Puheung.Won(1928), a Mutual Financing Association for Swine Farming, Sweet Potato Cultivation, Cooperative Planting, the Shuam.Sports Club and Consumer's Cooperative Society. The idea in Nongmindokbon (Famer's Text, 1927) is based on liberalism, equality, independence, a pioneer and cooperative spirit or realization of a physiocratical Utopia. Most references about Patriot Youn are concerned with his heroic deed in Shanghai, however the youth in Shinyang-Ri are typical agricultural extension workers or in other words, a forerunner of Saemaul Undong.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.3 s.56
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• pp.181-185
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• 1983

Ditylenchus destructor Thorne 1945 was found to be the causal organism of the new root rot disease of Panax ginseng, which occurred extensively in Dongseong area of Cheolweon-gun, Gangweon Province, Korea in 1982. Thirty-six percent of the investigated fields was damaged due to the potato rot nematode. Infected roots showed brown discoloration of cortex and suberization outside the cambium. Cortex of the severly infected roots became sponge-like in texture and cavity was produced in the central portion of the root. Only the severely infected ginseng plants exhibited sympotoms of sudden wilting of leaves. The number of potato rot nematode in such field soils was $8.5\~222/30g$ soil, while there was no such symptoms on leaves if the number was less than 7.