• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.11-25
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• 2007

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined exercise on the change of postural control, functional status in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods : The subjects were consisted of 24 women patients fifties and sixties with knee osteoarthritis. Each group had a exercise for 30 minutes per day and three times a week during 8 weeks period. Was used to measure muscular function(60, $180^{\circ}/sec$), postural control. functional capacity(15 M walking test, Rising form a chair test, stair climbing and descending test) and the functional state of a joint(WOMAC). Results: This study results in following 1. In case of muscular function have significantly increased in both groups. 2. There was no significant difference in the postural control of the bilateral between two groups. However, the postural control of a isokinetic exercise program group showed a significant difference in the bilateral side(overall, $M{\cdot}L$ stability index). Especially, the change of postural control in the isokinetic plus postural control exercise program group decreased more significantly in the bilateral(overall, $A{\cdot}P$ stability index). 3 It was significantly decreased in climbing and descending the stairs, and rising from the chair, although functional capacity decreased in lam walking in both groups. 4. The functional state of a joint(WOMAC) showed a significant decrease in both groups. Conclusion : In order to improve the functional status and postural control of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, performing exercise programming of isokinetic plus balance will be more effective than the exercise program composed of only the isokinetic exercise program.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.168-176
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• 2021

Background: The foot is a complex body structure that plays an important role in static and dynamic situations. Previous studies have reported that altered foot posture might affect knee joint strength and postural stability, however their relationship still remains unclear. Objects: The purpose of this study was to identify whether pronated foot posture has an influence on knee isokinetic strength and static and dynamic postural stability. Methods: Forty healthy young males aged 18 to 26 years were included. Foot posture was evaluated using the Foot Posture Index-6 (FPI-6), and the subjects were divided into two groups according to their FPI-6 scores: a neutral foot group (n = 20, FPI-6 score 0 to +5) and a pronated foot group (n = 20, FPI-6 score +6 or more). Biodex Systems 3 isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate knee isokinetic strength and hamstring to quadriceps ratio at three angular velocities: 60°/sec, 90°/sec, and 180°/sec. The static and dynamic postural stability in a single-leg stance under the eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions were measured with a Biodex Balance System. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in knee isokinetic strength and static postural stability (p > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in the medial-lateral stability index (MLSI) for dynamic postural stability under the eyes-closed condition (p = 0.022). The FPI-6 scores correlated significantly only with the dynamic overall stability index (OSI) and the MLSI (OSI: R = 0.344, p = 0.030; MLSI: R = 0.409, p = 0.009) under the eyesclosed condition. Conclusion: Participants with pronated foot had poorer medial-lateral dynamic stability under an eyes-closed condition than those without, and FPI-6 scores were moderately positively correlated with dynamic OSI and dynamic MLSI under the eyes-closed condition. These results suggest that pronated foot posture could induce a change in postural stability, but not in knee isokinetic strength.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.993-1003
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• 2010

his study was to investigate effects of improvement of balance abilities through 8-weeks Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and balance training in the women elderly. 42 women elders who were participated in silver college. Randomized study design of two groups was used: TENS group (21 women, 84.53 years old) and balance training group(21 women, 79.93 years old). Each group had a application of TENS, balance training by a researcher three times per week for 8 weeks. Measurements of static postural sway velocity on the floor and foam, timed get up and go test (TUG), functional reach test (FRT), and lateral functional reach test (LFRT) were evaluated at initial presentation (pretest) and after completion of the each intervention program (posttest). The results showed that the TUG was significantly decreased in all groups (p<.05) and the postural sway velocity using force plate in all conditions was significantly decreased in all groups (p<.05). FRT and LFRT were significantly increased in all groups (p<.05). There were significantly differences in TUG and postural sway velocity on the eye closed condition between two groups (p<.05). In conclusion, the application of TENS to older adults whose somatosensory were deteriorated was effective for improvement balance ability.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10c
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• pp.238-240
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• 2006

In this study, we designed a digital inclinometer to measure the angle and acceleration signals. Digital inclinometer consists of a tilt sensor, accelerometer, one-chip micro controller and BlueTooth module. Using the developed system, we made an experiment with Roll. The subject is laid on the Roll and rises each foot $90^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ up, and measures angle and acceleration signals with 100Hz sampling frequency. Through several tests, we could find the possibilities and usefulness which can evaluate normality / abnormality of body posture objectively.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.64-66
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• 2007

In this paper, a digital inclinometer to measure the angle and acceleration signals of subject laid on Roll was designed. The designed system consists of a tilt sensor, biaxial accelerometer, microcontroller and BlueTooth module. The designed digital inclinometer was easy to handle and easy to wear. To evaluate the performance of the system, we measured simultaneously the angle and acceleration signals from the 3 subjects on the Roll with two instruments which are ZEBRIS and our system. The measured signals were processed by statistical method and then the correlation coefficient of 0.93 was shown. From the results, the designed digital inclinometer is shown to be useful in assessment of body movement.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.30-43
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• 2018

Background: Hemispatial neglect is defined as the failure to attend, report, respond, or orient toward meaningful stimuli provided in the contralateral side of a brain lesion. Objects: This study was conducted to find out the effect of dynamic trunk equilibirum exercise for stroke patients with hemi-spatial neglect. Methods: This study included 21 stroke subjects, randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The exercise program consisted of 5 sessions of 20 minutes per week during 4 weeks. The line-bisection test, the Albert test, the balance function score, the Berg balance scale, the postural assessment scale for stroke and the modified Barthel index were measured before and after training. All data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Between-group and within-group comparison was analyzed by using Independent t-test and Paired t-test respectively. Results: The results of study were as follows: There were significant differences between before and after intervention in both group (p<.05). There were significant differences in the line-bisection test, Albert test, balance function score, Berg balance scale, postural assessment scale for stroke and modified Barthel index between the experimental group and the control group (p<.05). Conclusion: Dynamic trunk equilibrium exercise had a positive effect on patients' neglect, balance ability and activities of daily living. Further studies are required to generalize the results of this study.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.39-43
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• 1997

Posturography stands or quantitative assessment of body postural stability analysis. The present study developed a balance plate system to monitor patient's center of pressure (COP) movement and to analyze its stability. An equilateral triangular shaped plate was made of duralumin and forces were measured on the three vertices of the plate using industrial load cells. Specially designed electronic circuit picked up force signals ed into data acquisition system to calculate the cartesian coordinates of COP. COP calculation error was less than 2%. The force signals enabled to compute stability measures, which consisted of a variety of clinical parameters related to postural stability. Clinical experiments were carefully designed and performed on 40 normal subjects. The results were that 1) postural stability decreased with age and 2) the best parameters were those of posture deviation measures. A customized PC-based software package was developed to apply the present technique with a great convenience to monitoring and analyzing postural stability in an accurate and quantitative way.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.247-254
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• 2009

We studied the postural response induced by plantar sole vibration with various frequencies(20, 60, 100Hz) and vibration zone(the anterior and posterior foot zone) of both soles during standing. Eight healthy young adults were exposed to 15s periods of plantar sole vibration while blindfolded. Body sway(COM, center of mass), the angle of neck, trunk, hip, knee, ankle and EMG of four lower limb muscles(tibialis anterior, lateral and medial gastrocnemial, soleus muscle) were recorded during 15s plantar sole vibration using 3D motion analysis system. Simulating each zone separately resulted in spatially oriented body tilts; oppositely directed backward and forward, respectively, the amplitude of which was proportional to the vibration frequency. EMG activity of lower limb muscles also varied according to the direction of the vibration zone and linearly according to the frequency. These findings led us to consider the plantar sole vibration as useful method of postural balance control and adjustment.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 2009

The present study analyzed the association between postural control and electrical stimulation by measuring body sway when use the electrical stimulations were applied to different stimulation zones in lower limbs. The subjects were 14 young adults and were, tested for two different visual condition: eyes open and eyes closed. The experiments were also performed in two different stance case: one legged stance and two legged stance while electrical stimulations were applied concurrently or individually to tibialis anterior and triceps surae. Postural responses were assessed by analyzing COP sway path, sum of COP sway measured by a forceplate. The results showed that the direction of the COP shift changed in accordance with the direction of stimulation and showed sensory adaptation as the experiment progressed for two legged stance case. For one legged stance case, concurrent electrical stimulation both sides of muscles was found to be effective for enhancement of postural balance control.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.427-432
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• 2016

Objective: The goal of this study was to systematically investigate the postural stability of dancers by providing unexpected perturbations. Method: Six female dancers and college students participated in this study. Unpredictable wait-pull balance perturbations in the anterior direction were provided to the participants during standing. Three different perturbation intensities (low, moderate, and high intensity) were used by increasing perturbation forces. Spatial and temporal stability of postural control were measured by using margin of stability (MoS) and time to contact (TtC), respectively. Results: Both MoS and TtC at moderate intensity were significantly greater in the dancer group than in the control group, but no significant differences were found at low and high intensities between the groups. Conclusion: The present study showed spatial and temporal stability of dynamic postural control in dancers. We found that the dancers were more spatially and temporally stable than the ordinary participants in response to unexpected external perturbation when the perturbation intensity was moderate at two extreme intensity levels (low and high).