• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.213-222
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• 2014

Abnormal adaptation of the stress-response system following traumatic stress can lead to alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis that may contribute to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study used several behavioral tests to investigate the anxiolytic-like and antidepressant activity of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) in an experimental rat model of anxiety and depression induced by single prolonged stress (SPS), an animal model of PTSD. Male rats were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with vehicle or varied doses of THP 30 min prior to SPS for 8 consecutive days. Daily THP (50 mg/kg) administration significantly increased the number and duration of open arm visits in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, reduced the anxiety index, increased the risk assessment, and increased the number of head dips over the borders of the open arms after SPS. THP was also associated with increased time spent at the center of the open field, reduced grooming behaviors in the EPM test, and reduced time spent immobile in the forced swimming test (FST). It also blocked the decrease in neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the increase in corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) expression in the hypothalamus. This is the first study to determine that THP exerts pronounced anxiolytic-like and antidepressant effects on the development of the behavioral and biochemical symptoms associated with PTSD, indicating its prophylactic potential. Thus, THP reversed several behavioral impairments triggered by the traumatic stress of SPS and is a potential non-invasive therapeutic intervention for PTSD.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.214-227
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the socio-demographic factors, the disaster related factors, the physical health related factors and the psychological factors of older adults exposed to natural disaster and these factors may possibly cause the occurrence of PTSD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using the secondary data from the 3rd Disaster Victims Panel Survey (2012-2017). The data from 1,397 disaster victims were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with the younger adult disaster victims, the elderly were more likely to have symptoms of PTSD (15.0% vs. 12.1%). Factors such as the number of years since being exposed to the disaster, anxiety, depression and social adjustment were significantly associated with occurrence of PTSD for both older and younger adults. Female gender was the additional risk factors for the older adults, while marital status, income, having witnessed another person's injury or death, and having lost a home were associated with the occurrence of PTSD. Conclusion: The elderly were more likely to develop PTSD as compared with younger adults. More targeted post-disaster mental health services to the elderly with the symptoms of depressive, anxiety and impaired social adjustments, should be provided to improve their mental health.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.230-238
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• 2013

This research purposes to investigate parameters which effect on the relapse of alcoholism, to understand psychological factors for stress control and drinking anticipation which lead to the relapse of female alcoholism and to seek practical ways in social welfare for alcoholism, focusing on the traumatic experiences and post traumatic stress symptoms of female alcoholics experienced physical, sexual abuses. The main results of this research can be summarized as follows. First, the characteristic related with physical, sexual traumatic experiences of subjects is that physical, sexual abuses by acquaintances under 18 is more common than that experiences over 18. Second, the 8 pathes among 10 direct pathes are statistically significant. Third, as the result of verification of indirect effects through parameters, in the model, 4 out of 6 indirect pathes parameterized as post traumatic stress symptoms, problem focused coping, and drinking anticipation are significant. Based on these results, the practical implications for the warning of relapse of female alcoholics had been discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.243-255
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and examine the effects of a psychosocial adaptation program for North Korean adolescent defectors. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with 28 North Korean adolescent defectors who were recruited through alternative schools. The experimental and control groups consisted of 14 participants each. A program was conducted across eight sessions, each lasting about 90-120 minutes. The data were analyzed using the x² test, t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance. Results: No significant differences were observed in the score changes for psychosocial adaptation (t=0.25, p=.808), post-traumatic stress symptoms (t=0.32, p=.749), cultural adaptation stress (t=0.05, p=.957), and self-efficacy (t=0.35, p=.726) in either group before and after the intervention. No intergroup differences were observed for psychosocial adaptation (t=0.12, p=.902), post-traumatic stress symptoms (t=0.07, p=.946), cultural adaptation stress (t=0.01, p=.994), and self-efficacy (t=0.58, p=.570). Conclusion: These findings suggest that psychosocial adaptation, stress, and self-efficacy cannot be improved by a short-term intervention program alone. It was also determined that the cultural characteristics of the North Korean adolescent defectors were not sufficiently considered before implementing the program. Therefore, it is essential to provide an in-depth orientation for the participants before implementing the program.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.215-237
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• 2017

Most research on medical accidents is related to medical disputes and malpractice of relief system. Therefore, there is a lack of research which explores the psychological experiences of patients injured by medical accidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) of patients harmed by medical accidents and to examine the moderating role of social support on the relationship between clinicians' explanation and attitude and PTSD symptoms. A total of 180 patients were drawn from a medical accident organization and online communities related to medical accidents. Results showed that 171 (95%) of the subjects experienced full PTSD symptoms and their severity of the PTSD Symptoms was as high as those who experienced other severe traumatic events. Though the main effect of clinician's explanation and attitude on PTSD symptoms was not significant, the moderating effect of social support was significant in the relationship between clinicians' explanation and attitude and PTSD symptoms. In other words, when the level of social support was low, the poorer the explanation and attitude of clinicians, the more severe the symptoms of PTSD. Drawing from these results, psychological, social, and institutional strategies were suggested to alleviate and prevent PTSD symptoms of patients injured by medical accidents. Finally, limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of myofascial release technique (MFR) on psychological and physical symptom in somatization with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Based on this, proceed to present an effective physical treatments. Methods: In this study, three subjects were applied ABA design for a total of 12 weeks. Intervention was performed three times per week, and only MFR for 6 weeks was applied to the patient for 60 minutes. General physical therapy consisted of a total of 60 minutes including hot pack, electric therapy, and ultrasound. In this study, we measured three times in the second baseline stage at the initial evaluation before the commencement of intervention, somatization, depression, anxiety, sleep disorder, and pain after 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Results: In this study, the application of MFR showed significant differences in somatization symptoms, sleep disturbance, and headache. There was no significant difference in depression and anxiety. Conclusions: As a result, the application of MFR in PTSD patients with somatization can be suggested as a useful intervention to resolve the psychosomatic problem.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.325-351
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• 2019

The present study examined patterns of co-occurrence between DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms and posttraumatic growth(PTG) among Korean populations(n= 860). Latent profile analysis was used to identify subclasses and suggested that the 3-class model fit best: (1) Low PTSD/Mild PTG group (2) Low PTSD/High PTG group; (3) High PTSD/High PTG group. Class membership was predicted by demographic variables, social isolation, and frequency of traumatic experiences. Classes also differed with respect to self-destructive behaviors(binge eating, non-suicidal self-injury, and problem drinking). These findings contribute to future research about the coexisting patterns of PTSD and PTG, and to identify high-risk individuals who suffer from trauma-related problems in clinical practice.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.385-390
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to study the need for psychological first aid for stress of fire officials. a 1:1 in-depth interview with 10 paramedics to solve the research problem. Through interviews, the policy on the need for psychological first aid to improve the mental health of firefighters was proposed as follows by analyzing the working environment of paramedics, post-traumatic stress experience, and psychological first aid experience. First, fire officials need to be assigned to the site to educate in advance about post-traumatic stress and the resulting physical symptoms before being exposed to traumatic events. Second, fire officials should provide psychological first aid at an appropriate time after exposure to trauma cases. Third, it is necessary to supplement the manpower and institutional devices that will specialize in mental health work. Fourth, for customized professional medical services and psychological support suitable for fire officials, it is necessary to link fire-fighting complex healing centers and national firefighting hospitals.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.407-412
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• 2023

When a traumatic subject experiences extreme stress, various psychiatric problems, including PTSD, can occur if they do not respond appropriately. In addition, non-war soldiers who experience life-threatening events while serving in the military may experience severe and chronic PTSD symptoms. However, there are still insufficient domestic studies on what traumatic events soldiers are exposed to and how much PTSD symptoms they experience. Therefore, this study provides a method that can be used as basic data for PTSD and psychological support of military service personnel by identifying trends in domestic research. Furthermore, it studies PTSD not only of soldiers but also of 'civilians' who have experienced combat, and provides symptomatic treatment and relief programs to civilians according to the difference in PTSD between general trauma and war trauma. It is expected that these studies will increase military confidence and enable the military to play a leading role in war trauma PTSD research and prevention, treatment and mitigation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.190-194
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• 2014

Objective : Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a group of diseases that are observed in patients who had experienced a serious trauma or accident. However, some experienced it even after only a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), and they are easily ignored due to the relatively favorable course of mild TBI. Herein, the authors investigated the incidence of PTSD in mild TBI using brief neuropsychological screening test (PTSD checklist, PCL). Methods : This study was conducted on patients with mild TBI (Glasgow coma scale ${\geq}13$) who were admitted from January 2012 to December 2012. As for PCL, it was done on patients who showed no difficulties in communication upon admission and agreed to participate in this study. By using sum of PCL, the patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group. PTSD was diagnosed as the three major symptoms of PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth-edifion. Results : A total of 314 TBI patients were admitted and 71 of them met the criteria and were included in this study. The mean age was 52.9 years-old (range : 15--94). The mean PCL score was 28.8 (range : 17--68), and 10 patients were classified as high-risk group. During follow-up, 2 patients (2.7%) of high risk group, were confirmed as PTSD and there was no patient who was suspected of PTSD in the low-risk group (p=0.017). Conclusion : PTSD is observed 2.8% in mild TBI. Although PTSD after mild TBI is rare, PCL could be considered as a useful tool for screening of PTSD after mild TBI.