• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2001

Selection of oocyte cryopreservation method is a prerequisite factor for developing an effective bank system. Compared with slow freezing method, the vitrification has various advantages such as avoiding intracellular ice crustal formation. In our previous, we attempted to employ a vitrification method using ethylene glycol and an electron microscope grid for cryopreservation of mouse oocytes. However, A high incidence of spindle and chromosome abnormalities was detected in thawed oocytes after vitrification. We examined whether the addition of a cystoskeleton stabilizer Taxol $^{TM}$, to the vitrification solution could promote the post-thawed survival and subsequent development of stored oocytes. More oocytes developed to the 4-cell (44.7% vs. 69.7%), 8-cell (31.8% vs. 64.2%), morula (24.7% vs. 54.3%), and blastocyst (20.3% vs. 49.2%) stages after the addition of Taxol$^{TM}$ to the cryoprotectant than after no addition. 21 and 26 mouse pups were born after transfer of blastocyst derived from oocytes vitrified without and with Taxol. The addition of Taxol to vitrification solution greatly promoted post-thaw preimplantation development of ICR morose oocytes.tes.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.799-811
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sensory integration therapy (SIT) on gross motor development and respiratory function of cerebral palsy children. The design of this study was one-group pre-and post-test design. Subjects of the study were arbitrarily chosen based on predetermined selection criteria among the cerebral palsy children who were treated as out-patients at one rehabilitation hospital in Kyunggi-do. The study was conducted between early April and late July in 2000. Twelve children were in the experimental group. A five-step SIT program was devised from a combination of SIT programs suggested by Ayres(1985) and Fink(1989), and an author-designed SIT program for cerebral palsy children. The experimental group was subjected to 20 to 30 minutes of SIT per session, two sessions a week for ten-week period. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS PC for Wilcoxon signed rank test, and paired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. In gross motor development, post-experimental gross motor scores were higher compared to pre-experimental scores with statistical significance. 2. In respiratory function, post-experimental forced capacity vital scores were higher compared to pre-experimental scores with statistical significance. In conclusion, SIT was found to be effective in gross motor development and respiratory function. But, for the more effectiveness of SIT on gross motor development and respiratory function, further studies employing longer-time experiments are recommended.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.31-41
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• 2014

This study aims to POE(Post-Occupancy Evaluation) analyze the characteristics of residents and their demands on community facilities by types of supplying housing, which can be the basis for making the housing regulations. The following five types of housing are considered in this study ; 1) National Rental Housing(L), 2) Public Rental Housing(L), 3) Permanent Rental Housing(S), 4) Public Rental Housing(S), 5) Private Rental Housing. We surveyed 527 residents from 20 housing complexes in those four housing types. First, each housing type has different household characteristics. Second, the criteria for housing selection are different. Third, local community activities and satisfaction are different in each housing type. Lastly, residents are generally satisfied with service facilities, but their satisfaction level and the facilities they need are different depending on housing type, accordingly. The housing community space plan be should be improved to the amount of areas of community facilities.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.75.1-75.1
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• 2019

The universe has been ionized in the post-reionization by several photon contributors. The dominant source to produce the hydrogen ionizing photons is not revealed so far. Faint quasars have been expected to generate UV photon budgets required to maintain ionization state of universe. Observational limits, however, hinder to discover them despite their higher number density than bright one. Consequently, the influence of faint quasars on post-reionization are not considered sufficiently. Therefore, a survey to find faint quasars at z ~ 5 is crucial to determine the main ionizing source in the post-reionization era. Deep images from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) allow us to search for quasar swith low luminosities in the ELAIS-N1 field. J band information are obtained by the Infrared Medium-deep Survey (IMS) and the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) - Deep ExtragalacticSurvey (DXS). Faint quasar candidates were selected from several multi-band color cut criteria based on simulated quasars on color-color diagram. To choose the reliable candidates with possible Lyman break, we have performed medium-bands observations. Whether a candidate is a quasar or a dwarf star contamination was decided by results from chi-square minimization of quasar/dwarf model fitting. Spectroscopic follow-up observations confirm three quasars at z ~ 5. 100% spectral confirmation success rate implies that the medium-band observations effectively select faint quasars with strong Lyman alpha emission.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.4372-4394
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• 2020

The distribution of popular videos incurs a large amount of traffic at the base stations (BS) of networks. Device-to-multi-device (D2MD) communication has emerged an efficient radio access technology for offloading BS traffic in recent years. However, traditional studies have focused on synchronous user requests whereas asynchronous user requests are more common. Hence, offloading BS traffic in case of asynchronous user requests while considering their time-varying characteristics and the quality of experience (QoE) of video request users (VRUs) is a pressing problem. This paper uses social stability (SS) and video loading duration (VLD)-tolerant property to group VRUs and seed users (SUs) to offload BS traffic. We define the average amount of data transmission (AADT) to measure the network's capacity for offloading BS traffic. Based on this, we formulate a time-varying bipartite graph matching optimization problem. We decouple the problem into two subproblems which can be solved separately in terms of time and space. Then, we propose the socially aware D2MD user selection (SA-D2MD-S) algorithm based on finite horizon optimal stopping theory, and propose the SA-D2MD user matching (SA-D2MD-M) algorithm to solve the two subproblems. The results of simulations show that our algorithms outperform prevalent algorithms.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2021

This study investigates and analyzes the difference in Indonesian banks' earnings quality in the pre-audit and post-audit period. This study also investigates the difference in audit quality done by public accounting firms. This study employs time series data taken from the unaudited and audited financial statements of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2016. Sample selection is made by using a purposive sampling method. The population of this study is 43 banks, and after checking the data for validity and reliability, the final sample size was 26 banks. Audit quality is operationalized with the size of the auditor. Earnings quality is proxied by accruals calculated using the Beaver and Engel (1996) model. The data analysis method used in this study is the paired-sample t-test and chow test. This study shows that there is no difference in earnings quality in the pre-audit and post-audit period. This study also reveals no difference in audit quality between the big four and non-big four auditors. These findings mean that independent auditors do not play a useful role in increasing the reliability of accounting information presented by management to stakeholders. Besides, this study's results do not verify the agency theory regarding auditors' role to minimize opportunistic management behavior in preparing financial statements.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

For long underground box utility tunnels, post-tensioned precast concrete is often used. Between precast tunnel segments, sealed waterproof flexible joints are often specified. Fault displacement can lead to excessive deformation of the joints, which can lead to reduction in waterproofing due to diminished contact pressure between the sealant strip and the tunnel segment. This paper authenticates utilization of a finite element model for a prefabricated tunnel fault-crossing founded on ABAQUS software. In addition, material parameter selection, contact setting and boundary condition are reviewed. Analyzed under normal fault action are: the influence of fault displacement; buried depth; soil friction coefficient, and angle of crossing at the fault plane. In addition, distribution characteristics of the utility tunnel structure for vertical and longitudinal/horizontal relative displacement at segmented interface for the top and bottom slab are analyzed. It is found that the effect of increase in fault displacement on the splice joint deformation is significant, whereas the effects of changes in burial depth, pipe-soil friction coefficient and fault-crossing angle on the overall tunnel and joint deformations were not so significant.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.122-133
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• 2015

The requirements for the successful treatment of all-ceramic restorations are not so different from the ones of conventional restorations. "The provisional restoration followed by an adequate tooth reduction" and "the accurately fitting prostheses with corresponding to final impression" can be the examples of them. Nevertheless, the one which all-ceramic restorations are distinguished from conventional restorations is the additional procedure of so called "bonding". In addition to the application of resin cement between "inner surface of restoration and outer surface of abutment", bonding technology can be also applied to the treatment process of "Post and Core" in particular if the abutments are non-vital teeth. Core build-up for all-ceramic crown is conducted with fiber post and tooth colored composite by considering the properties of the restorations transmitting light. We know well that a vital abutment is easier than a non-vital one to get the targeted goals for clinical success in connection with esthetics and structure. The creation of "Post and Core" with bonding technique is a decisive factor for a long-term success if the abutment is non-vital tooth with dentinal collapse. I would like to share my clinical experience about "post & core build-up and all-ceramic restoration bonding" out of several success strategies of all-ceramic crown with this review article.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.182-199
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual status of costume exhibitions displayed in architectural structures heritage today to examine if they play proper roles as visual materials and suggest the necessity of post-management for comfortable viewing. This is significant in that it makes costume exhibitions function as educational culture contents to let Korean and also foreign viewers know of our costume culture properly. As a research method, the database of the Office of Cultural Properties homepage was used to extract anything related to the lives of figures during the Chosun Dynasty among the architectural structures heritages in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggido. By doing so, the costume exhibitions were able to be examined among them. With field investigation and interviews of related institutions, this study examined the current status of costume exhibitions, planning of exhibitions, and post-management. Also, they found costume exhibitions that were not right for the era, and suggested ways that were more appropriate for them. The results of this study were as follows : First, according to the third selection results, there were only six among 71 places where three districts of the architectural structures heritage were present. This is a very small quantity of places when compared with the total number of architectural structures heritage. Second, as a result of the current condition investigation, the costume exhibition in the Architectural Structures Heritage is not nearly enough for a historical investigation, and almost all polluted costumes were not displayed in suitable environments for an exhibition. Therefore, qualified managers who have expertise in exhibition planning were needed to be trained to do a post-management follow up. Furthermore, it is important to systematically reorganize post-management methods. Third, the two selected places(Haepung-buwongun-yuntaegyeong-jaesi and Sunaedong-gaok) were thought not to be right for the era among the six places with costume exhibitions, and suggestions such as flat-drawing and illustration were made.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.589-592
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• 2001

Generally, hanger insulator for polymer arrestor have to be good insulation properties and mechanical strength and weatherability, But many remark and repairs have been to think about low cost and light weight. The Paper is used Polymer arrestor for post and performance analysis and mechanical strength insulator hanger according to development of simplest product. To enhance the efficiency of experimental modal analysis, we proposed the process which is the selection of the locations and the number of measurement points for pre-test.