• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.792-799
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• 1985

Primary neoplasms of the trachea are rare, but are a very serious critical life-threatening disease. Nearly all the lesions of the trachea are presented as obstructive lesions. Bronchoscopic examination including chest C-T, tomogram and air tracheogram are essential for the further definition of these lesions. The need for removal of tracheal tumors whether complete or incomplete, is clear enough regardless of the histology of the tumor. We have experienced 9 cases from Jan. 1965 to June, 1985. One patient with tracheal hamartoma was cured with complete resection through rigid bronchoscopy and another patient with fibrous histiocytoma was treated with re-excision and laser evaporation through superior mediastinotomy due to recurrence, 1 year later. The remaining patients were treated with mass excision or segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis through collar incision and superior mediastinal sternotomy. The remaining two patients were operated with and segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis of trachea using partial cardiopulmonary bypass. The histologic diagnosis were adenoid cystic Ca[5], fibrous histiocytoma[1], mucoepidermoid Ca[1]. hamartoma[1], anaplastic Ca.[1]. Three patients were treated post-operatively with radiation; with adenoid cystic Ca.[2] and anaplastic Ca.[1]. Their post-operative courses were uneventful during the follow-up from 2 months to 7 years.

• The Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.135-143
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• 2018

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in the mandible region is a rare malignant neoplasm. We encountered the case of a patient who had been diagnosed with deep benign fibrous histiocytoma (DBFH) prior to surgery, but the final biopsy revealed the presence of tumor tissues in the resected margin, which indicated a UPS. Therefore, radiotherapy was conducted post-operatively, but the tumor recurred approximately 3 years later and a second surgery was performed. The difference between the initial and final diagnoses was considered to be due to the characteristics of the tumor, as it involved both benign and malignant components. DBFH and UPS can occur in young women. DBFH can transform to a malignancy and UPS may also appear as a benign tumor during early biopsy. Hence, attention should be paid to diagnosis and treatment methods, and ongoing close observation is required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.87-88
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• 2022

For an earthquake-safe urban environment, the Republic of Korea conducts seismic performance evaluation in accordance with laws and guidelines to assign safety ratings and implement necessary management measures such as repairs and reinforcements. In the seismic performance evaluation result, structures lacking in preparation for earthquakes are prioritized and classified into measures such as repair, reinforcement, or careful observation to respond to physical risks such as earthquakes. Such repair and reinforcement work is not a one-time thing, but it is necessary to further enhance the effect through continuous follow-up observation. In this study, the location of the vertical and horizontal displacement measuring part of the construction part is displayed so that the post-construction status of the reinforcement construction part can be visually checked by identifying the problems in the process of post-monitoring in 2022 for the maintenance and reinforcement work of local governments' public facilities carried out in 2021. We propose a plan to institutionalize the installation of, inspection tools, and crack gauges at certain locations in the construction department, and to have facility managers periodically inspect and manage them with a smartphone program or the 'Facility Autonomous Safety Inspection' app.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.92-99
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• 2023

Background/Aims: There are few studies assessed the efficacy and mortality of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for the removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones in the elderly aged ≥90 years. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of endoscopic removal of CBD stones in nonagenarians. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed ERCP reports for CBD stone removal. The endoscopic and therapeutic outcomes were collected. The length of stay (LOS), the total number of adverse events, and mortality rate were compared between groups. Results: A total of 125 nonagenarians were compared with 1,370 controls (65-89 years old individuals). The mean LOS for nonagenarians was significantly higher than in controls (13.6 days vs. 6.5 days). Completed intended treatment was similar in the nonagenarians and controls (89.8% and 89.5%, respectively). The overall complication rate did not differ between the groups. However, nonagenarians had a higher incidence of post-ERCP pneumonia (3.9%). None of the nonagenarians were readmitted to the hospital within 7 days. Four nonagenarians (3.2%) and 25 (1.8%) controls died within 30 days. Conclusions: Advanced age alone did not affect the decision to perform the procedure. However, prompt diagnosis and treatment of post-ERCP pneumonia in nonagenarians could improve the outcomes and reduce mortality.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.121-127
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• 2012

Purpose: Improved survival of patients with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has drawn attention to the potential for late consequences of previous treatments among survivors, including metabolic syndrome. In this study, we evaluated changes in 3 parameters, namely, random blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), and Z score for BMI (Z-BMI), in children with ALL during chemotherapy and after completion of treatment. Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with ALL from January, 2005 to December, 2008 at Saint Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, who completed treatment with chemotherapy only were included (n=107). Random glucose, BMI, and Z-BMI were recorded at 5 intervals: at diagnosis, before maintenance treatment, at completion of maintenance treatment, and 6 and 12 months after completion of maintenance treatment. Similar analyses were conducted on 2 subcohorts based on ALL risk groups. Results: For random glucose, a paired comparison showed significantly lower levels at 12 months post-treatment compared to those at initial diagnosis ($P$ <0.001) and before maintenance ($P$ <0.001). The Z-BMI score was significantly higher before maintenance than at diagnosis ($P$ <0.001), but decreased significantly at the end of treatment ($P$ <0.001) and remained low at 6 months ($P$ <0.001) and 12 months ($P$ <0.001) post-treatment. Similar results were obtained upon analysis of risk group-based subcohorts. Conclusion: For a cohort of ALL patients treated without allogeneic transplantation or cranial irradiation, decrease in random glucose and Z-BMI after completion of chemotherapy does not indicate future glucose intolerance or obesity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.1044-1050
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• 2014

Since there is no consensus about the most reliable assays to detect invasive aspergillosis from samples obtained by minimally invasive or noninvasive methods, we compared the efficacy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for galactomannan (GM) detection and quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Neutropenic, male Sprague-Dawley rats (specific pathogen free; 8 weeks old; weight, $200{\pm}20g$) were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and infected with Aspergillus fumigatus intratracheally. Tissue and whole blood samples were harvested on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-infection and examined with GM ELISA and qRT-PCR. The A. fumigatus DNA detection sequence was detected in the following number of samples from 12 immunosuppressed, infected rats examined on the scheduled days: day 1 (0/12), day 3 (0/12), day 5 (6/12), and day 7 (8/12) post-infection. The sensitivity and specificity of the qRT-PCR assay was 29.2% and 100%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis indicated a Ct (cycle threshold) cut-off value of 15.35, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.627. The GM assay detected antigen in sera obtained on day 1 (5/12), day 3 (9/12), day 5 (12/12), and day 7 (12/12) post-infection, and thus had a sensitivity of 79.2% and a specificity of 100%. The ROC of the GM assay indicated that the optimal Ct cut-off value was 1.40 (AUC, 0.919). The GM assay was more sensitive than the qRT-PCR assay in diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in rats.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.372-376
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• 2012

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. Ischemia-reperfusion is an important cause of acute kidney injury. This study was performed to ascertain clinically useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of AKI. In three miniature pigs, AKI were induced by 60 minutes of bilateral renal ischemia by the clamping renal artery. Blood and urine samples were collected from the pigs prior to clamping (baseline) and 0, 1, 3 and 5 days post-clamping. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, sodium and uric acid were measured in serum and urine samples. Fractional excretion of sodium ($FE_{Na}$) and fractional excretion of uric acid ($FE_{UA}$) were calculated. Also, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, liver type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were detected by Western immunoblotting. Serum BUN and creatinine levels were increased significantly at day 1 post-clamping in all three miniature pigs. However, $FE_{Na}$ and $FE_{UA}$ showed marked individual differences. Western immunoblotting revealed significantly increased levels of IL-6, IL-18, L-FABP and GST in post-ischemic urine, compared to pre-clamping. While more research concerning the variance of $FE_{Na}$ and $FE_{UA}$ is needed, serum BUN, creatinine, IL-6, IL-18, L-FABP and GST may be sensitive urine biomarkers for diagnosis of AKI together with other biomarkers in the porcine ischemia-reperfusion model.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.314-327
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging. Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated. Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2013

Purpose: Lymphocyte subset recovery is an important factor that determines the success of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Temporal differences in the recovery of lymphocyte subsets and the factors influencing this recovery are important variables that affect a patient's posttransplant immune reconstitution, and therefore require investigation. Methods: The time taken to achieve lymphocyte subset recovery and the factors influencing this recovery were investigated in 59 children who had undergone HSCT at the Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, and who had an uneventful follow-up period of at least 1 year. Analyses were carried out at 3 and 12 months post-transplant. An additional study was performed 1 month post-transplant to evaluate natural killer (NK) cell recovery. The impact of pre- and post-transplant variables, including diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNAemia posttransplant, on lymphocyte recovery was evaluated. Results: The lymphocyte subsets recovered in the following order: NK cells, cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and helper T cells. At 1 month post-transplant, acute graft-versus-host disease was found to contribute significantly to the delay of $CD16^+/56^+$ cell recovery. Younger patients showed delayed recovery of both $CD3^+/CD8^+$ and $CD19^+$ cells. EBV DNAemia had a deleterious impact on the recovery of both $CD3^+$ and $CD3^+/CD4^+$ lymphocytes at 1 year post-transplant. Conclusion: In our pediatric allogeneic HSCT cohort, helper T cells were the last subset to recover. Younger age and EBV DNAemia had a negative impact on the post-transplant recovery of T cells and B cells.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.115-150
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• 2009

The Article 17 (1) of the Medical Service Act states that no one but medical doctor, dentist or herb doctor shall prepare medical certificate, post-mortem examination, certificate or prescription. Though medical certificate, post-mortem examination or certificate is a private document issued by doctor personally, it is accepted as reliable as public document. Therefore, for medical certificate, post-mortem examination or certificate, unlike other private document to guarantee authenticipy of the content, the Article 233 of the Criminal Act states the Crime of Issuance of Falsified Medical Certificates. In other words, the Criminal Act Article 233 states that If a medical or herb doctor, dentist or midwife prepares false medical certificate, post-mortem examination or certificate life or death, one shall be punished by imprisonment or imprisonment without prison labor for not more than three years, suspension of qualifications for not more than seven years, or a fine not exceeding thirtht million won. The subject of the Crime of Issuance of Falsified Medical Certificates is only a medical or herb doctor, dentist or midwife and the eligibility requirements are specified in the Medical Service Act. Medical certificate is the medical document to be issued by medical doctor to certify the health status and show the Jugdement about the result of the diagnosis, Post-mortem examination is the document to be listed by medical doctor to confirm medically about human body or dead body, and Certificate life or death is a kind of medical certificate to verify the fact of birth or death, the cause of death, such as Birth Certificate, Certificate of Stillbirth or Certificate of Dead Fetus. To constitute the crime of Issuance of Falsified Medical Certificates, it is necessary for the contents of the certificate to be substantially contrary to the truth, as well as it is needed the subjective perception that the contents of the certificate are false. The Supreme Court Decision 2004DO3360 Delivered on March 23, 2006 declared that although the Defendant did not MRI scan, etc. for precise observation about the disability status of Mr Park, it was difficult to believe that the contents of the Disability Certificate of this case were contrary to the objective truth or the defendant had perception that the contents of the certificate were false. I don't agree with the Supreme Court Decision, because the Supreme Court confirmed the decision by the court below despite the Supreme Court should have made the court below retry the reason why the Defendant did not MRI scan, etc. for precise observation about the disability status of Mr Park.