• 제목/요약/키워드: Positivity

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Evaluation of the Agreement between Immunodot Assays and Intradermal Skin Testing or Favrot Diagnostic Criteria in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

  • Cho, Sun-Hyung;Kang, Ji-Houn;Yang, Mhan-Pyo;Kang, Byeong-Teck
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.270-273
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    • 2016
  • This study was undertaken to identify differences between atopic and non-atopic dogs in three rapid screening immunodot assays as well as the ability of the assays to predict the results of intradermal skin testing (IDST) or Favrot diagnostic criteria (FDC). Twenty-nine dogs diagnosed with canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) were selected as the atopic group. Twenty-five dogs without CAD were included as the non-atopic group. Three types of immunodot assays were conducted on all serum samples from both groups: Allercept E-screen 2nd generation (ES2G), Canine Allergic Tendency Reference Test (ALERT), and Asan Easy Test Canine IgE (AETC). IDST, which included 39 allergens, and immunodot assays were performed concurrently in 13 dogs from the atopic group and compared. While there were no significant differences in positivity between the two groups in the evaluation of ALERT (P = 0.435) and AETC (P = 0.313), positivity in ES2G testing was significantly higher in the non-atopic group than the atopic group (P = 0.038). The ES2G, ALERT, and AETC results showed fair (${\kappa}=0.235$), slight (${\kappa}=0.133$), and slight (${\kappa}=0.014$) accordance with IDST, respectively. The outcomes of ES2G, ALERT, and AETC indicated poor (${\kappa}=-0.211$), slight (${\kappa}=0.106$), and slight (${\kappa}=0.087$) agreement with FDC. In conclusion, rapid screening immunodot assays were not useful for the diagnosis of CAD. These assays may provide a supplementary method for predicting the results of IDST in atopic dogs.

Discourse on the Gifted and Gifted Education in the Fatigue Society (피로사회 속 영재와 영재교육에 관한 담론)

  • Han, Ki-Soon
    • Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.965-979
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we explore how the concepts of fatigue society and self exploitation are related with the gifted and gifted education. Gifted students' burnout are the result of an excess of positivity. The violence of positivity stems from over-producing, over-achieving or over-communicating. Especially, this paper tries to warn gifted students' maladaptive perfectionism, high expectations of themselves and their surroundings, high task commitment, and excessive self criticism could make the gifted the high risk group who burnout themselves in this fatigue society. In addition, it is discussed how the gifted students' suicides are closely related to the issues of fatigue society and self exploitation structurally. Most importantly, we examine that why and how the concept of fatigue society results in ultimate decline of creativity. Finally, we discuss some ways to overcome this over-achieving fatigue society and their implications in the aspects of gifted students' creative lives and products.

Systematic review: agreement between the latent tuberculosis screening tests among patients with rheumatic diseases

  • Pyo, Junhee;Cho, Soo-Kyung;Kim, Dam;Sung, Yoon-Kyoung
    • The Korean journal of internal medicine
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    • v.33 no.6
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    • pp.1241-1251
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    • 2018
  • Background/Aims: To estimate the level of agreement and positivity rates of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) tests prior to the use of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in relation to underlying rheumatic diseases and endemic tuberculosis levels. Methods: The Ovid-Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Libraries were searched for articles before October 2013 involving LTBI screening in rheumatic patients, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and psoriatic arthritis. Results: In pooled analyses, 5,224 rheumatic patients had undergone both a tuberculin skin test (TST) and an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) before TNF inhibitors use. The positivity of TST, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In Tube (QFT-GIT), and T-SPOT.TB (T-SPOT) tests were estimated to be 29%, 17%, and 18%, respectively. The agreement percentage between the TST and QFT-GIT, and between the TST and T-SPOT were 73% and 75%. Populations from low-to-moderate endemic TB presented with slightly less agreement (71% between TST and QFT-GIT, and 74% between TST and T-SPOT) than patients from high endemic countries (73% between TST and QFT-GIT, and 81% between TST and T-SPOT). By underlying disease stratification, a lower level of agreement between TST and QFT-GIT was found among AS (64%) than among JIA (77%) and RA patients (73%). Conclusions: We reaffirm the current evidence for accuracy of LTBI test done by TST and IGRA among rheumatic patients is inconsistent. Our stratified analysis suggests different screening strategies might be needed in clinical settings considering the endemic status in the patient's country of origin and the precise nature of underlying diseases.

Effects of Eucomiae Cortex on the Depression of Male Aged Mice (두충(杜沖)이 수컷 노화쥐의 우울증에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Ho Hyun;Ahn, Sang Hyun;Park, Sun Young
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2019
  • In order to investigate the effects of Eucomiae Cortex extracts on the depression caused by aging, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were performed on the hippocampus of aged rats and the following results were obtained. Experimental animals were divided into three groups as follows: 8 week old ICR male mice, Aging-elicited group (AE group) and Eucomiae Cortex treatment group (EC group) 50 week old male ICR mice were used. The control group and AE group did not take any treatment and did not restrict diets and negatives. In the EC group, 0.51g/kg of Eucomiae Cortex extract was dissolved in distilled water once a day for 6 months. The Eucomiae Cortex extract reduced pyramidal neuronal damage in C3 hippocampus and dentate gyrus, increased DJ-1, SHH positive responses in aged mouse hippocampus, and 8-OHdG positivity was reduced, ${\beta}$-endorphin positivity was reduced in aged mouse substantia nigra. Therefore, based on the above results, Eucomiae Cortex extract reduces damage of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus caused by aging, inhibits neuronal cell death, induces proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in the hippocampus, reduces DNA damage-induced oxidative stress, so improves the reduction of hippocampus volume. It is also thought to improves depression due to aging through ${\beta}$-endorphin which enhances mood through the inhibition of pain.

The effects of Academic Self-efficacy and Resilience on Perception of Professionalism with Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers (예비유아교사의 학업적 자기효능감과 회복 탄력성이 교직 전문성 인식에 미치는 영향)

  • Bae, Jae-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 2019
  • This study investigated the effects of academic self-efficacy and resilience on perception of professionalism. The survey questionnaire was completed by 313 pre-service early childhood teachers. SPSS Win program was used to perform MANOVA and Multiple Regression Analysis. (1)The self-regulatory efficacy was significantly different according to grade and experience of child care practice. (2)The control and sociality, positivity were significantly different according to grade and experience of child care practice. (3)The perception of professionalism was significantly different according to grade and experience of child care practice. (4)The self-regulatory efficacy and the difficulty preference affected perception of professionalism. (5)The positivity and control affected perception of professionalism. This study indicated that it is necessary to make efforts for increasing perception of professionalism in pre-service early childhood teachers.

The impact of lymph node count on survival in gastric cancer

  • Ahn, Ha Rim;Han, Se Wung;Yang, Doo Hyun;Kim, Chan Young
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.120-127
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the immunologic role of lymph node (LN) and stage migration by assessing LN count and metastatic LN count. Methods: A total of 2,117 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma located in the body and antrum who underwent distal/subtotal gastrectomy with D2 LN dissection between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2008 were enrolled. LN count and number of metastases were determined in the N1 tier (area of D1 dissection) and N2 tier (area of D2 dissection). The lower and upper quartiles of LN counts in the same pN stage were grouped to compare the prognosis and LN positivity according to the LN tier. Results: Stage migration from N1 tier to N2 tier occurred in 3.2% of cases. The 5-year disease-specific survival rates of the upper and lower LN count groups within the N1 tier were 91.0% and 86.7% (P=0.01), respectively. LN positivity in the N2 tier of the lower LN count group was higher than that of the upper LN count group (14.1% vs. 8.2%, P<0.01). Stage migration in the N2 tier of the lower LN count group was also higher than that of the upper LN count group (4.6% vs. 1.8%, P<0.01). Conclusion: The lower LN count group had a decreased survival rate compared to that of the upper LN count group, suggesting that perigastric LN has an immunological defense role in weakening the disseminating power of metastatic tumor cells, as indicated by the LN count.

Lymph Node Status after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy for Esophageal Cancer according to Radiation Field Coverage

  • Kim, Sang Yoon;Park, Samina;Park, In Kyu;Kim, Young Tae;Kang, Chang Hyun
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.52 no.5
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    • pp.353-359
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    • 2019
  • Background: To explore the effect of radiation on metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT), we examined the metastatic features of LNs according to their inclusion in the radiation field. Methods: The patient group included 88 men and 2 women, with a mean age of $61.1{\pm}8.1$ years, who underwent esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy after nCRT. Dissected LNs were compared in terms of clinical suspicion of metastasis, nodal station, and inclusion in the radiation field. Results: LN positivity did not differ between LNs that were inside (in-field [IF]) and outside (out-field [OF]) of the radiation field (IF: 40 of 465 [9%], OF: 40 of 420 [10%]; p=0.313). In clinical N+ nodal stations, IF stations had a lower incidence of metastasis than OF stations (IF/cN+: 16 of 142 [11%], OF/cN+: 9/30 [30%]; p=0.010). However, in clinical N- nodal stations, pathological positivity was not affected by whether the nodal stations were included in the radiation field (IF/cN-: 24 of 323 [7%], OF/cN-: 31 of 390 [8%]; p=0.447). Conclusion: Radiation therapy for nCRT could downstage clinically suspected nodal metastasis. However, such therapy was ineffective when used to treat nodes that were not suspicious for metastasis. Because significant numbers of residual metastases were identified irrespective of coverage by the radiation field, lymphadenectomy should be performed to ensure complete removal of residual nodal metastases after nCRT.

Predictor of Liver Biochemistry Improvement in Patients with Cytomegalovirus Cholestasis after Ganciclovir Treatment

  • Puspita, Gina;Widowati, Titis;Triono, Agung
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.70-78
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: Cholestasis resulting from cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced hepatitis manifests in 40% of patients with a CMV infection. Ganciclovir treatment in children with CMV infections has proven to be highly effective. Until now, there are very few studies have identified predictive factors for liver biochemistry improvement after ganciclovir therapy. This study aimed to identify the predictors of liver biochemistry improvement in patients with CMV cholestasis after ganciclovir treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia from 2013 to 2018. CMV cholestasis was confirmed based on serum CMV IgG and IgM positivity and/or blood and urine CMV antigenemia positivity. Incomplete medical records and other etiologies for cholestasis, such as biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, metabolic diseases, and Alagille syndrome, were excluded. Patient age at cholestasis diagnosis and ganciclovir treatment, duration of CMV cholestasis, history of prematurity, central nervous system involvement, and nutritional status were analyzed and presented as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: CMV cholestasis with ganciclovir therapy was found in 41 of 54 patients. Multivariate analysis showed that a shorter duration of CMV cholestasis (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.00-21.07, p=0.04) was statistically significant for liver biochemistry improvement after 1 month of ganciclovir treatment. The remaining factors that were analyzed were not significant predictors of liver biochemistry improvement in patients with CMV cholestasis after ganciclovir treatment. Conclusion: A shorter duration of CMV cholestasis is the predictor of liver biochemistry improvement after 1 month gancyclovir treatment.

Development of small petite-size women's jackets in their 20s to 30s (20~30대 small petite-size 여성을 위한 재킷 제품개발)

  • Yujin Lee;Jeongah Jang
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.586-606
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    • 2023
  • This study initiated research aligned with the body positivity movement, aiming to explore size diversity for groups facing relative size discrimination due to their deviation from average body types. Using KS adult women's apparel dimensions as a reference, jackets were developed for women in their 20s to 30s who belong to the small petite-size (S[P]) category, which is characterized by a height under 155cm (petite) and a bust-circumference from 72cm to less than 82cm (small). Using 3D virtual-fitting, we conducted experiment-pattern production and refinement and subsequent real-fitting evaluations by participants to objectively validate aesthetics and comfort. The study's findings are as follows: First, utilizing a 3D virtual-fitting program by identifying 'creases' and 'garment pressure points' in the jacket appearance, experiment patterns were refined and real jackets were produced. This approach addressed challenges in recruiting participants with specific body types and allowed for efficient research in terms of cost and time. Second, through real-fitting evaluations, basic-fit and slim-fit jackets labeled as <79-88-150> were developed for the S(P) size. we presented 'size spec' and 'ease allowance' for jackets by waist fit. Both fits received positive evaluations with approximately 53.5cm sleeve length, and 11.7cm shoulder length. The ease allowances for the basic-fit jacket were approximately 9.2cm at the bust circumference, 12.8cm at the waist circumference, and 6cm at the hip circumference. Similarly, the slim-fit jacket exhibited ease allowances of about 4.8cm at the bust circumference, 4cm at the waist circumference, and 4cm at the hip circumference, receiving positive evaluations for aesthetics and comfort.

Histopathological Study and Expression of Beta-Catenin in Congenital Choledochal Cyst in a Tertiary Care Pediatric Referral Center in South India

  • Rashmi Tresa Philpose;Abdul Aleem Mohammed;Ashrith Reddy Gowni
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.62-70
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: Choledochal cysts are congenital anomalies that occur as localized cystic or fusiform dilatations of the biliary tree. Reflux and stasis of pancreatic enzymes in the biliary duct may relate to the development of intestinal metaplasia which might be an important factor related to the carcinogenesis of choledochal cyst, thus the expression of beta-catenin in the metaplastic epithelium might be associated with malignant transformation of choledochal cyst epithelium. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary care pediatric center between October 2014 and March 2017. Forty patients were evaluated for epithelial lining, mural ulceration, fibrosis, inflammation, and metaplasia. Results: Out of 40, 12 cases (30.0%) were the infantile age group and 28 cases (70.0%) were in the classic pediatric group. Ulceration was classified as grade 0 (14 cases, 35.0%), grade 1 (17 cases, 42.5%), or grade 2 (nine cases, 22.5%). Inflammation was classified as grade 0 (2 cases, 5.0%), grade 1 (26 cases, 65.0%), or grade 2 (12 cases, 30.0%). Fibrosis was classified as grade 0 (five cases, 12.5%), grade 1 (11 cases, 27.5%), grade 2 (17 cases, 42.5%), or grade 3 (seven cases, 17.5%). Metaplasia was noted in five (12.5%) out of 40 cases. All choledochal cysts with metaplasia showed beta-catenin nuclear positivity on immunohistochemistry and were followed up. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of detailed histopathological examination and documentation of metaplastic changes. Metaplasia was associated with beta-catenin nuclear positivity. These findings suggest a potential role for beta-catenin as a marker of metaplastic changes in choledochal cysts.