• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.433-440
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• 2021

This study aims at testing word-of-mouth (WOM) by mediating positive and negative perceptions of purchase intention on low-cost carriers (LCC) flights in Indonesia. One of the communications mixes that airlines can carry out is WOM. WOM is a form of communication between passengers after using a flight. The formation of a positive perception of WOM is expected by airlines. If a positive perception of WOM has formed, a purchase intention will arise. The study population included LCC flight passengers in Indonesia, involving 387 respondents. For indicators and variables, validity and reliability tests were conducted using CFA, CR, and AVE tools. Sampling locations were Soekarno-Hatta and Kualanamu airports. Sample collection was obtained through purposive sampling, and the analytical tool used was structural equation modeling (SEM) with Lisrel. The results showed that WOM influenced purchase intention through positive and negative perceptions of WOM. It can be seen that a positive perception of WOM has a direct effect, while a negative perception of WOM has the opposite effect. In conclusion, the mediation of perceptions influences purchase intention, whether it in the same direction or the opposite ones. To conclude, WOM is an antecedent for it influences purchase intention.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.228-237
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• 2018

The importance of eWOM (electronic word-of-mouth) communication through online communities is increasing on a daily basis. This study analyzed how the relationship between eWOM (electronic Word-Of-Mouth) factor and eWOM communication depends on the cultural orientation of users in the online community. The research model was developed based on four cultural orientations of individual affect Social tie and usefulness. The model consists of variables such as social tie and perceived usefulness as predecessors of eWOM, four dimensions of cultural orientation (Horizontal Individualism, Horizontal Collectivism, Vertical Individualism, Vertical Collectivism), and eWOM. The model was tested empirically using the PLS (partial least squares) structure equation model. Survey was conducted for online community users in South Korea. Data was statistically validated whether fits on research model. The study results reveal that Social Tie have a positive effect on Perceived Usefulness. Social Tie and Perceived Usefulness have a positive effect on eWOM. 3 of cultural orientations (HC, VI, VC) have a positive effect on Social Tie. Only one of cultural orientations (HC) have an negative effect on Perceived Usefulness. Especially, horizontal collectivism (HC) shows strong correlation with perceived usefulness, whereas vertical collectivism (VC) shows weak correlation with perceived usefulness andvertical individualism (VI) shows strongly correlation with social tie, whereas horizontal individualism (HI) shows weak correlation with social tie. Based on the study results, customized service strategy could be formulated according to the different vertical styles and various eWOM factors.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2012

Purpose - This study examined marketing communication in traditional markets by assessing consumers demonstrating brand loyalty through repeat purchases despite active marketing by competing brands hence, showing that the brand did not lose customers owing to communication. Specifically, this study examined the effects of marketing communication factors in traditional markets upon consumers' store loyalty and to determine consumers' practical and hedonic values, as moderating variables. Moreover, this study determined that both experienced and inexperienced consumers in traditional markets could similarly assess the market and examined the outcome of traditional market development as well as future strategies. Research design, data, methodology - To verify the relationship between marketing communication and store loyalty, and the moderating effects of shopping value, data were collected from 230 consumers in the Gyeonggi Province to test the theoretical model and its hypotheses. Although the field of distribution management typically uses two research methodologies, this study was conducted using empirical methodology. Specifically, analysis of variance and hierarchical regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Results - Consumers who had experienced the traditional market placed a greater emphasis on the physical environment or word-of-mouth marketing. Moreover, other factors apart from advertising had a significantly positive influence upon marketing communication sub-factors and store loyalty. Word-of-mouth marketing was found to be more important than other factors, therefore affirmative word-of-mouth marketing was considered important from various viewpoints. The study investigated the moderating effects of hedonic value and practical use value in the relationship between marketing communication sub-factors and store loyalty: The negative influence of publicity, physical environment, and word-of-mouth marketing was considered to be statistically significant. Conclusions - Consumers who made use of the traditional market did not think of the physical environment in an affirmative way, and consumers who did not make use of the traditional market perceived it as having a poor physical environment. However, consumers who engaged in word-of-mouth marketing experienced the traditional market in an affirmative way. Consumers who made use of the traditional market had significantly high hedonic value and/or practical use value, therefore future strategies should encourage consumers to make more use of the traditional market. Consumers who had experienced the traditional market demonstrated strong market loyalty. For consumers who did not make use of the traditional market, marketing communication was likely to influence store loyalty in a different manner from a practical perspective. In other words, marketing communication was needed to develop the traditional market, and consumers who did not make use of the traditional market should be given the opportunity to do so. Consumers having low hedonic values experienced high publicity to have high store loyalty, and consumers who experienced good facilities of the traditional market had high store loyalty (Nam & Jun, 2011). Consumers with low hedonic values as well as those with high hedonic values on the traditional market could have high store loyalty through affirmative word-of-mouth marketing.Therefore, various types of events and strategies were needed to enable consumers to experience the traditional market in an affirmative way.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.241-252
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• 2016

본 연구는 신제품의 출시가 범람하는 시장환경 속에서 기존의 전통적인 대중매체를 이용한 마케팅 커뮤니케이션과 다르게 진화하는 구전커뮤니케이션을 설명하기 위한 것이다. 디지털디바이스를 이용한 인터넷 사용이 일반화되면서 블로그, 인터넷카페 등에서 다양한 커뮤니케이션이 활성화되고 있다. 동시에 마켓메이븐을 커뮤니케이션의 촉진자로 활용하는 현상이 증대하고 있다. 기업은 불확실성이 높은 신제품 확산을 촉진하기 위해 새로운 시각에서 커뮤니케이터를 고려할 필요가 있고, 커뮤니케이터로써 마켓메이븐은 마케팅활동에 좀 더 의미가 있을 것으로 보인다. 이에 따라 마켓메이븐이 혁신적인 제품의 구전과정에 영향을 미치는지 조절효과를 통해 살펴보고자한다. 실증연구 결과 제품의 지각된 혁신성과 제품에 대한 지각된 호기심은 제품의 구전의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 이러한 과정에서 마켓메이븐이 미치는 조절효과가 나타났다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.188-198
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• 2010

此研究旨在考察负口碑(即NWOM)对在线行销的影响, 着重分析服务失败的描述以及通信服务商的意向是如何影响消费者对企业竞争力的评估, 对企业的态度, 以及积极的口碑行销和行为意向. 对通信说服力的研究着重于 "谁说了什么; 对谁;通过何渠道;有何影响(Chiu 2007)". 在此我们研究了电子网络发布, 尤其是 "什么" 的两个方面: 通信服务失败的等级以及个人发布的知觉意向. 电子负口碑看似正在毁掉产品或企业的声誉, 这也就不难理解为什么人们总对它带有偏见, 认为其不可靠. 根据归因理论, 人们总会寻求事件的原因, 尤其是那些消极的意外的事件(Weiner 2006). Hennig-Thurau和Walsh (2003)提出 "既然读者的知识和对在线信息的作者信任度都很有限, 可以把电子口碑当做是表达-行为关系的有效调节. 此据此我们提出以下假设: 假设1. 在衡量(a)企业竞争力, (b)人们对企业的态度, (c)积极的口碑, 以及(d)行为意向时, 面临高等级服务失败电子负口碑的对象得分低于面临低等级服务失败电子负口碑的对象. 假设2. 在衡量(a)企业竞争力, (b)人们对企业的态度, (c)积极的口碑, 以及(d)行为意向时, 面临警告意向电子负口碑的对象得分低于面临报复意向电子负口碑的对象假设3. 在电子负口碑中, 服务失败的等级和知觉意向互相影响, 因此在衡量(a)企业竞争力, (b)人们对企业的态度, (c)积极的口碑, 以及(d)行为意向时, 警告意向的电子负口碑的平均反应值大于报复意向的电子负口碑. 主要研究包括一个2 (服务失败的严重性) x 2(警告意向VS报复意向的负口碑)的析因实验. 将通过模拟的在线网络发布信息刺激在线对象. 这一方案描述的服务失败是在传统的零售机构不接受礼物卡, 通过一家在线的研究公司从全国抽样. 共有113个对象参与此研究, 共分析了104份调查问卷. 研究对象认为该方案很现实, 92.3%对此反应强烈. 方案的运作相当令人满意, 所有的措施都经预先的测试验证, 各个项目也经分析证实可靠并有效. 多变量方差分析结果显示多变量间无明显的互相影响, 因此我们只研究主要影响-后倾向和服务失败的严重性. 后倾向主要影响对企业的态度, 积极的口碑和行为意向. 服务失败的严重性主要影响4个因变量: 企业的竞争力, 对企业的态度, 积极的口碑和行为意向. 需特别指出的是, 当电子负口碑描述为严重的服务失败时, 企业的竞争力低于电子负口碑描述为较轻的服务失败时. 当电子负口碑描述为严重的服务失败时, 对企业的态度差于电子负口碑描述为较轻的服务失败时. 当电子负口碑描述为严重的服务失败时, 企业的口碑差于电子负口碑描述为较轻的服务失败时. 当电子负口碑描述为严重的服务失败时, 行为意向低于电子负口碑描述为较轻的服务失败时. 因此, 假设1中的abcd都得到了支持. 另外, 衡量对企业的态度时, 警告意向的电子负口碑得分低于报复意向的电子负口碑. 衡量企业的口碑时, 警告意向的电子负口碑得分低于报复意向的电子负口碑. 衡量行为意向时, 警告意向的电子负口碑得分低于报复意向的电子负口碑. 因此与假设2中的a项不符, 尽管结果指向的是假设方向. 除此之外, 在假设的三个变量中, 后倾向对服务失败的严重性无明显的多变量或单变量影响. 因此, 假设3被推翻. 此研究有研究和管理的双重蕴涵, 如之前的研究一样, 此研究结果证实了服务失败的严重性影响消费者知觉, 态度, 积极的口碑以及行为意向(Weun et al. 2004). 关于进一步的相关性, 在线内容证实了该反应, 这意味着企业需要努力进行服务补救. 至于电子负口碑的知觉意向, 如之前的研究一样, 此研究结果意味着读者对原始资料的意向影响其对知觉, 态度, 积极口碑和行为意向的作用大小. 对管理者的蕴涵在于, 当消费者发现在线交流可靠且有影响力时, 不是所有的交流都同等重要. 电子口碑的好处在于它可以监测潜在的问题并提供纠正的可能性, 即使有潜在的危害.

• 경영과학
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2015

Word-of-Mouth (WOM), which is the unpaid spread of a positive marketing message from person to person, has been shown to be even more effective in influencing purchase decisions than traditional advertising channels. The effects of WOM might be different by types of persuaders (purchasers vs. non-purchasers), however, the current body of research has not given attention to the differential effects of WOM. This study focuses on whether or not potential customers are influenced by the WOM from non-purchasers as well as from purchasers, and it investigates if the impacts of WOM from non-purchasers are different with those from purchasers. Based on conjoint analyses, it concludes that potential customers are affected by the communication with non-purchasers as well as with purchasers but the impacts of non-purchasers are not greater than those of purchasers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.424-432
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• 2011

오늘날 인터넷의 대중화가 이루어지면서 소비자들은 온라인 게시판 등을 통해 다양한 구전정보를 손쉽게 접할 수 있게 되었다. 여행에 있어 관광객의 정보교류 및 획득이 수월해짐에 따라 온라인 구전(e-WOM: Eloctronic Word-of-Mouth)은 현대사회에 있어서 가장 영향력 있는 커뮤니케이션 수단 중 하나로 부상하였다. 이는 여행사 입장에서도 중요한 의미를 갖는다고 하겠다. 이에 본 연구는 서울과 수도권에 재학중인 330명의 대학생을 대상으로 온라인 구전에 대한 신뢰, 브랜드 태도, 구전수용, 구전활동, 여행상품 구매의도 간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 첫째, 온라인 구전의 신뢰는 브랜드 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 브랜드 태도는 구전수용, 구전활동 및 여행상품 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 구전수용은 구전활동에는 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 판명되었으나 여행상품 구매의도에는 유의하지 않은 결과로 나타났다. 따라서 여행사는 자사의 홈페이지나 브랜드 커뮤니티를 통한 온라인 구전의 관리에 있어서, 신뢰를 기반으로 한 긍정적 브랜드 태도의 형성을 통해 고객이 이를 적극적으로 수용하고 널리 전파하도록 노력해야 함을 시사한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2022

Purpose: This paper evaluates which characteristics of marketing communication content distributed on social networks impact electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM). Research design, data, and methodology: Quantitative research was carried out on 637 Vietnamese people aged from 18, who were exposed to marketing communication programs of fashion brands. Preliminary data were analyzed by the reliability of the scale, multivariate regression analysis, and analysis of variance. Results: The research findings have identified the four characteristics of social media content that positively impact e-WOM, including entertainment, interaction, trendiness, and customization. Participants aged 30 and under have a higher appreciation for media content and e-WOM than those from 31 and over. Conclusion: To promote e-WOM, marketing communication content distributed on social networks should focus on the following characteristics: (1) The entertainment of marketing communication content should involve positive emotions, fun, and enjoyment; (2) With interactive content, focus should be placed on discussion and exchange content, content that encourages sharing, and two-way interactive content; (3) For trending marketing communication content, marketers consider communicating brand-related latest information, up-to-date information, and hot discussion topics; and (4) When creating customized content, brands should be interesting, customized (information, product, price), and unique.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.536-540
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were 1) to analyze the correlation between Word-of-Mouth(WOM) message sender credibility and WOM effect and 2) to analyze the differences of WOM message sender creadibility and WOM effect in off-line and on-line WOM communication. The messages were created as a form of scenario for this study. Respondents were asked to evaluate the message sender credibility and predict WOM behaviors after reading given scenario. The questionnaires were distributed to 200 customers and a total of 175 questionnaires were used for analysis(87.5%). The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Win(12.0) for descriptive analysis, paired t-test, factor analysis, correlation analysis. The positive off-line WOM message sender was considered as more credible(p<.001) than on-line WOM message sender. 'Message sender credibility' is correlated with 'attitude formation' in both channels, but 'reliable' factor of 'credibility' variable is not significantly correlated with 'attitude change'.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2015

본 연구는 온라인 구전커뮤니케이션 특성(전문성, 적시성, 정확성)이 약선 음식에 대한 가치, 만족, 애호도, 대중화 간에 어느 정도의 영향관계가 있는 지를 알아보고, 온라인을 통한 약선 음식 대중화에 기여하고자 하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 약선 음식 온라인 구전 커뮤니케이션 특성 중 전문성, 적시성이 약선 음식 가치와 만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 약선 음식 가치는 만족, 대중화에는 영향을 미쳤고, 애호도는 대중화에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 종합해 보면 약선 음식에 대한 온라인 구전 커뮤니케이션의 전문성과 적시성이 강조될 때 가치와 만족에 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 판단되며, 가치 있는 정보야말로 고객이 만족하고 애호도가 높아짐으로써 대중화가 이루어질 수 있다고 판단된다. 특히 약선 음식 조리인이 식자재의 성질과 음용방법을 잘 알고 있어야 함으로, 블로그 운영자들이나 약선 음식 전문점에서는 약선 음식 대한 내용을 게시할 때 식재료의 효능에 대한 전문적인 내용을 기술하여야만 대중화가 이루어질 것이라 사료되며, 향후 건강한 식생활을 정착하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 약선에 대한 전문적인 지식에 대한 다양한 교육과 홍보 및 적극적인 관심이 요구된다고 판단된다. 특히 본 연구 결과, 음식의 기능을 살린 약선 음식 전문적인 내용은 온라인 구전으로 인하여 소비자들로 하여금 약선에 대한 정보를 좀 더 정확하게 알 수 있을 것이며, 건강에 대한 생각과 함께 대중에게 널리 알려질 것이라 여겨진다. 이상의 연구의 요약 및 결과에서 이미 제시되어 있는 바와 같이 본 연구에 적용되고 있는 투입변수들 간의 상관관계는 매우 높은 것으로 분석되어졌다.