• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.107-121
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to explore the determining factors of foreign direct investment(FDI) of Korea by using institutioanl theory. In addition, this study divides institutional facts into the formal and the informal institutions. The empirical test implements multiful regression analysis focuing on korean electronics and automotive industry. The dependent variables are FDI outflow and the independent ones are corruption, econimic freedom, political risk, human development, and culturan distance. According to the empirical results, corruptin and human development have positive effects on Korean FDI outflow. On the other hand, political risks and economic freedom have negative effects on Korean FDI outflow. This results indicate the importance of forman and informal institutional facotrs as determinants of Korean FDI outflow.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.84-92
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• 2019

While the Internet continues to integrate with modern lives, the risks of negative outcomes resulting from problematic use (PU) are also increasing. Although psychological well-being and use motivations have been shown to play major roles in Internet PU, understanding the moderating mechanism is critical for advanced knowledge. The present study employed survey data from users of a live video-game streaming service (LVGS) that is an area rarely been studied. Result concluded a positive moderating effect of escapism motive (EM) on the association between loneliness and the PU of LVGS, while the moderating mechanism between EM and stress was not indicated. A moderating effect of information seeking (IS) on the relationship between stress and the PU of LVGS was found negative, but no mechanism between IS and loneliness was indicated. This study highlights how the interplay of different motivation and pathologies may induce or prevent video-game-related addiction.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.2771-2779
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• 2018

The recent financial crises cause the co-movement and transmit the risk across different markets and assets. It is well known that market fear affects the quality of credit in the financial markets. In this context, this study examines the co-movement between the volatility index (VIX) of the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), or VIX, and six emerging countries' credit default swaps (CDSs), by implementing wavelet coherence. Our research aims at revealing whether the VIX can be used to hedge against the bubble behavior of the CDS market in different investment holding periods (short-run, medium-run, and long-run), as well as whether either market can be used to manage and hedge overall market downside risks. The wavelet coherence results show a high degree of co-movement between the VIX and CDS during the 2007-2009 global financial crisis, across the 16-64 weeks' frequency band. In addition, we observe that the positive correlation between the VIX and the CDS markets, implying that the market turmoil intensifies the co-movement between the VIX and CDS markets.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2022

Lung transplantation is the only treatment option for patients with end-stage lung disease. Although more than 4,000 lung transplants are performed every year worldwide, the standardized protocols contain no guidelines for monitoring during lung transplantation. Specific anesthetic concerns are associated with lung transplantation, especially during critical periods, including anesthesia induction, the initiation of positive pressure ventilation, the establishment and maintenance of one-lung ventilation, pulmonary artery clamping, pulmonary artery unclamping, and reperfusion of the transplanted lung. Anesthetic management according to the special risks associated with a patient's existing lung disease and surgical stage is the most important factor. Successful anesthesia in lung transplantation can improve hemodynamic stability, oxygenation, ventilation, and outcomes. Therefore, anesthesiologists must have expertise in transesophageal echocardiography, extracorporeal life support, and cardiopulmonary anesthesia and understand the pathophysiology of end-stage lung disease and the drugs administered. In addition, communication among anesthesiologists, surgeons, and perfusionists during surgery is important to achieve optimal patient results.

• Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.19-22
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• 2018

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) can lead to severe complications if left untreated, and therefore should be adequately diagnosed and treated, especially in airline workers. The aviation medical examiner (AME) should induce the patient to cooperate for the diagnosis and treatment of OSAS, by notifying the subject that it does not cause disqualification of the air service and that it is a disease that can be sufficiently controlled and treated by various treatment options. AME should also warn about medical complications and the possibility of serious air accident risks when untreated, and encourage the subject to receive appropriate diagnosis and steady treatment such as continuous positive airway pressure and/or surgical treatment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.187-196
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• 2020

We tried to do research on main views(risk and knowledge-based) and propose user knowledge as a factor to be managed in order to strengthen the performance. This study empirically analyzed the user-related and project management risk that affect the IT project performance, and verified user knowledge as a moderating variable. The survey was conducted for respondents who have experience on IT Project of public sector and data were analyzed by Smart PLS 3.0. The results show that low user-related and project management risks have a positive effect on performance. In addition, user knowledge has been shown to enhance the impact of two risks on performance. These findings are meaningful in that they emphasize the importance of user knowledge in public-sector IT projects, as well as the repeated verification of integrated research results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.663-675
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• 1995

It has been proposed that differences in diet between smokers and nonsmokers may partially explain the positive association between cigarette smoking and chronic diseases such as cancer and coronary heart disease. To investigate the potential for this confounding, the authors studied the relation between cigarette smoking and dietary pattern including nutrient intake in 152 Korean elderly people aged 59∼84years. Dietary intake was determined by a 24-hour recall method and a food frequency questionnaire. Male smokers were lighter than nonsmokers and had a lower body mass index(BMI)(p<0.05). But there were no differences in body weight and BMI between female smokers and nonsmokers. Female smokers had lower intakes of energy and carbohydrates than nonsmokers(p<0.05), but in male, smokers and nonsmokers did not show the difference in energy intake. The mean intake of fiber, protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins did not vary significantly by smoking status. However, both male and female smokers consumed fewer fruits than nonsmokers and ate fresh fruits less often than nonsmokers. The total food frequency score which reflect dietary quality of smokers was lower than those of nonsmokers(p<0.05). Male exsmokers' diet were similar to those of smokers, but in female, dietary patterns of exsmokers were similar to those of nonsmokers. These results confirm that elderly smokers have partially different nutrient and food intake patterns from nonsmokers. The decreased ingestion of fruits and less balanced diet by cigarette smokers could contribute to their increased risks of chronic disease compared with those by nonsmokers. The increased ingestion of nutrients and improved nutritional balance in the diet of exsmokers may help to reduce their risks as well.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.208-220
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• 2010

This study investigates the influence of the attractive dining space on customers' restaurant evaluation, using an experiment research method. It also examines whether the perceived risks in purchasing and the affect intensity moderate the effect of the attractive dining space on the restaurant evaluation. Service quality and purchasing intention are set up as a dependant variable in oilier to figure out the effect of the dining space. The summary of the research result is as follows. First, an attractive dining space induces more positive evaluation of service quality and increases purchasing intention. Second, an attractive dining space has more significant influence on the service quality and the purchasing intention of customers in the purchasing situation of high level of perceived risk than in the purchasing situation of low level of perceived risk. Third, it is shown that personal variable such as affect intensity moderates the effect of an attractive dining space on the service quality perception and the purchasing intention.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.351-364
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• 2010

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between abuse and suicide risk focused on the Korean elderly over 65 years old living with their families. The data for the study was collected from 1,193 people in Incheon metropolitan city, Kyunggi and Chungnam province. Among them, 711 elderly adults who experienced abuse within their families, were analysed for the study. The results were as follows: First, the group who had experienced abuse was revealed at 29.8%, and the group who had experienced suicide was revealed at 23.1%. Second, the victims of abuse at older ages affects the risk of suicide. Moreover, considering the elderly population under the control of influencing variables such as socioeconomic traits, ADL and depression, the risk of suicide for the group of being abused was higher than the group that was never abused. Third, four groups of elderly(groups without both abuse and suicide risks, the group with only abuse victims, the group with only suicide risks, and the group with both abuse and suicide risk) were divided based on the victims of abuse and the risk of suicide. The group without abuse and suicide risk was positive in subjective economic status, ADL, number of diseases and depression. On the contrary, the group with both abuse and suicide risk was negative in the above indices. The study indicated that there were some similar traits between abuse risk groups and suicide risk groups, but the group with suicide risk was lower than the group with abuse risk in ADL and depression.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.481-490
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• 2010

The shock of melamine-contained food has been known with the incident of hospitalization or death of infants at the age of 11-month old in China. The purpose of this study was to examine consumers' risk perception, attitude and purchase behavior of melamine-contained food which recently came to the fore as a social issue, focusing on the relationship between consumers' attitude and purchase behavior based on physical risk, social risk, psychological risk, financial risk, consumers' attitude and purchase behavior. Study findings are as follows. First, the four factors of risk perception of melamine-contained food were significantly different by consumers. Consumers regarded social risk as most significant and it was followed by financial risk and psychological risk. And they regarded physical risk as most insignificant. Second, as for the difference of risk perception by demographic features, such factors as gender, age, marital status and schooling had no statistically significant influence. Third, the potential risk of melamine-contained food had a negative influence upon consumers' attitude and purchase behavior. In addition, consumers' attitude and purchase behavior were decided by perceived risks. This finding implies that consumers' attitude can accompany with negative or positive behavior and consumers' behavior can be related to social, financial and physical risks. Because the risk perception of melamine-contained food can cause consumers' distrust about all kinds of food in general, domestic manufacturers of milk product-contained confectionery and food can be harmed. In order to overcome this problem and make consumers purchase all the milk products and milk-contained food without fear, governmental agencies must reestablish systems with which the safety of imported raw materials and its processing can be insured and manufactures must improve the quality of products in a diverse and discriminative manner. This study seems to be meaningful in that it examined consumers' risk perception of melamine-contained food, a current social issue, and then looked into the influence of risk perception upon consumers" attitude and behavior, thus presenting the strategy of reestablishing the system of relationship between consumers and business entities in a desirable manner.