• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.85-97
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• 2011

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parenting styles between generations and the comparative effects of grandfathers' and grandmothers' parenting styles on the parenting styles of parents. The subjects were 299 mothers and fathers of children aged between 2 and 5 years old who attend 9 preschools in Seoul. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regressions. The results show that a strong relationship exists between grandparents' parenting styles and the parenting styles of parents as grandparents' parenting styles predict parents' positive and negative parenting styles. It was also found that the influence of grandmothers' parenting styles on the parenting styles of mothers is stronger than that of grandfathers' parenting styles, but less influence of grandfathers' parenting styles on fathers' parenting styles exists.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2010

This study examined the relationships between parenting styles, academic achievement, and behavioral adjustment of adolescents in Korea. Using a sample of 181 parents and their children (13-15 years old), parents completed the Parental Authority Questionnaire and adolescents filled out the Youth Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and provided their school grades. Factor analysis was conducted on the PAQ to confirm the psychometric properties. Hierarchical regression analysis was computed to determine the relationship between maternal and paternal parenting styles, academic performance, and children's internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Regression analysis revealed that mother's authoritative parenting style was positively related with adolescents' grades in English. However, father's permissive was negatively related with adolescents' grades in English, Mathematics, and Science. Mother's permissive parenting styles showed negative effects of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems whereas father's permissive parenting styles showed positive effects of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.189-208
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were twofold. Firstly, we sought to examine the effects of the severity of behavior problems of children with autism spectrum disorders and maternal stress coping styles on maternal parenting stress. Secondly, we investigated whether maternal stress coping styles moderate the relationship between the severity of children's behavior problems on parenting stress. The participants of this study comprised 106 mothers of children with ASD who were aged 6 to 18. In order to measure the research variables, the Parenting Stress Scale(Hwang, 2002), the Korean version of Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6-18(Oh, Kim, Ha, Lee, & Hong, 2010), the Ways of Coping Checklist(Kim, 1987) were used. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results indicated that both the severity of externalizing behavior problems and the emotion-focused stress coping styles had significant and positive effects on parenting stress. Second, the stress coping styles had no moderating effect on the relationship between the severity of behavior problems(externalizing behavior problems, internalizing behavior problems) and maternal parenting stress.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2016

The objective of the study is to find out the effects of toddler's temperament and mother's parenting behavior on the development of vocabulary ability. The study was conducted with 299 infants between the ages of 18 and 24 months and their mothers in 47 day care centers in I city, Jeollabukdo. The results of the study are as follows. First, according to the correlation between infant's temperament and vocabulary based on the composition of temperament, approach-avoidance, adaptability, and mood showed a negative correlation with receptive and expressive vocabulary, and response intensity showed a positive correlation with receptive vocabulary. Second, according to the relation between mother's parenting behavior and infant's vocabulary ability based on the sub-factors of mother's parenting behavior, instructional parenting behavior and setting-limits parenting behavior showed a positive correlation with receptive and expressive vocabulary. Third, according to the effects of infant's temperament and mother's parenting behavior on the development of infant's vocabulary ability, as for the understanding of vocabulary, the explanation power of approach-avoidance is the highest, followed by instructional parenting behavior, response intensity, and mood. As for expressive vocabulary, the explanation power of instructional parenting behavior is the highest, followed by mood, response intensity and activity. In the development of infant's vocabulary ability, it was found that receptive vocabulary was affected the most by approach-avoidance, and expressive vocabulary was affected the most by instructional parenting behavior. Mothers will have to have interrelation skills suitable for temperament for the development of infant's receptive vocabulary, and have parenting behavior expressing the traits of things and events for the development of expressive vocabulary.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between toddler's negative emotionality, parenting behavior, and the moderating roles of mother's personality. The participants in this study consisted of 221 mothers of toddlers (aged from 18 to 35months) in Seoul. The participants completed questionnaires on toddler's negative emotionality, their personality and parenting behavior. The collected data were mainly analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson's correlation and the multiple regression analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, there was a significant difference in the negative parenting behavior according to the mother's educational level. Second, relations between individual variables and parenting behavior were analyzed. As a result, number of children, mother's age, toddler's negative emotionality, and mother's personality were significantly correlated with parenting behavior. Third, through the analysis of the moderating effect of the mother's personality on the relationship between the toddler's negative emotionality and parenting behavior, it was found that interactions between the mother's neuroticism and the toddlers' negative emotionality affected the mother's warm parenting behavior. And interactions between the mother's extraversion and the toddlers's negative emotionality affected the mother's rejection parenting behavior. The results of this study provide basic data to support mothers' positive parenting behavior.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.73-89
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• 2015

This study examined the effects of parenting behavior perceived by children and ego-resilience on school adjustment according to child gender. The participants were 2,119 first grade students(1,093 boys, 1,026 girls) in the fourth Korea Youth Panel Survey. The results of this study were as follows : First, boys perceived parenting behavior more positively than girls. Girls perceived more difficulty in ego-resilience and school adjustment than boys. Second, school adjustment of the boys and girls showed a positive correlation with parenting behavior perceived by children and ego-resilience. Third, the more perceived positive parenting behavior and the better perceived ego-resilience, the better the boys and girls could make adjustment in school. The results of this study offers a fundamental data about parenting behavior and ego-resilience which can improve the school adjustment of a first grade student.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.67-79
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• 2006

The present study examined predictors of children's problem solving using structural equation modeling(SEM). Participants were 410 dyads of 2nd- and 6th-grade children and their mother or father. Children and their parents responded to questionnaires. Instruments were the PSI(Parent Behavior Inventory, 1998), CES-D(Center for Epidemiological Scale-Depression, for children's depression, 1977) Sherer's(1982) self-efficacy scale, and the Problem Solving Inventory(Heppner & Petersen, 1982). In both grades, warmth in parenting behavior affected children's self-efficacy, which in turn contributed to their problem solving. Rejection in parenting behavior had positive effects on problem solving through increasing self-efficacy in 2nd graders only. Results implied importance of self-efficacy and developmentally appropriate parenting to improve children's problem solving.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.360-368
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between parenting behavior, parenting efficacy, adaptation stress and PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) among mothers who have defected from North Korean. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to illustrate the parenting behavior, parenting efficacy, adaptation stress and PTSD and report the relationships among them. Data were collected between August and November of 2009 in Hanawon and 105 mothers who met eligibility criteria participated in the study. Results: Ignorant/controlling parenting behavior of parenting showed the highest score in our study. The level of parenting efficacy was $2.72{\pm}0.36$ and adaptation stress level was $3.35{\pm}0.47$ showing perceived hostility the highest and homesickness the lowest. Participants with moderate to severe PTSD accounted for 79.5% of the mothers, and 75% of them reported symptoms for 3 months or more. Authoritative parenting behavior showed negative relationships with parenting efficacy, cultural crisis and fear, adaptation stress and PTSD. Conclusion: Mothers who have defected from showed negative parenting behaviors and high adaptation stress level and PTSD while parenting efficacy was high. These findings indicate that parenting intervention programs which can guide these mothers towards positive parenting behaviors need to be developed.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of parenting stress on children's problematic behavior in multicultural families. The subjects were 143 mothers who are caring for their 3-6 year old children in multicultural families. Data was collected using a parenting stress index and a child behavior check list. The data were statistically analyzed using a t-test, a one-way ANOVA(Scheff'e test), a correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were no significant differences in parenting stress according to the socio-demographic variables. However, there were some significant differences in children's problematic behavior according to the mother's education. Correlation analysis indicated that the mother's parenting stress and children's problematic behavior in multicultural families had significant positive correlations in all sub-variables. It was also found that the mother's education, the mother's stress caused by a difficult child, the mother's stress caused by dysfuntional interactions between parents and children and educational distress, were all significant predictors of the preschool children's problematic behavior in multicultural families.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.127-142
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of marital conflicts perceived by fathers on preschoolers' behavior problems, and to investigate the mediating effect of paternal child rearing behavior. This study used survey data on 4 year-old infants which was conducted in 2012(5th year) by KICCE. Correlation analysis and structural equation were conducted using SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 for the data analysis, and the results of this study are as follows. First, marital conflicts perceived by fathers and preschoolers behavior problems showed a positive correlation, and they especially showed a greater positive correlation with offensive behavior, anxiety/depression, and other problems. On the other hand, it was identified that paternal child rearing behavior has a negative correlation with marital conflict and preschoolers' behavior problems when paternal child rearing behavior is compassionate and dominant. Secondly, it was identified that warm parenting behavior of fathers mediates the effect of marital conflicts on preschoolers' behavior problems. However, it was verified that the mediating effect of controlling parenting behavior is not significant. On the other hand, it was identified that the mediating effect of warm parenting behavior of fathers has a greater effect on internalized problems than external problems.