• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.195-211
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• 2021

This paper measures the economic impacts of the U.S. port investment strategies coping with the Panama Canal expansion. Using secondary import data, negative and positive estimates of the impacts were presented in this study. Reduced port activities into the West Coast Customs Districts negatively affect transportation and warehousing industries, among other effects. Still, they have simultaneous positive effects in other states from increased imports resulting from modal shifts and changes in the entry port located in the South and East coasts. This study applied the supply-driven National Interstate Economic Model that measures all interstate trade among the U.S. states to divert foreign imports from 15 Pacific Rim countries. For this purpose, the following assumption was adopted: larger ships using the canal will lead to a redirection of seaborne trade among U.S. (and other) ports and result in secondary effects, e.g., using different freight modes and regional growth spillovers. This study also accounted for the entry point change and significant port investments for foreign trade under alternative scenarios. The choice of ports for international trade depends on decisions about how to minimize multimodal delivery costs. The total direct reduction of transportation and warehousing activities associated with foreign imports in the West Coast ports was estimated at $3.3 billion, leading to total negative effects of $5.8 billion. Total positive impacts from the shift of transportation modes with the choice of an entry port and new warehousing activities for foreign imports in the selected 12 states varied. As expected, states that involved an entry port had the most prominent benefits, but Texas, New York, and New Jersey may be benefited through all the port enhancement projects in the U.S. Also, except for Transportation and Postal, and Warehousing industries, Construction is another dominant positive affected industry of the Canal expansion in the U.S.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.653-667
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• 2017

The purpose of this study were to investigate the socio-economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on the rural community and to identify the factors influencing rural residents' recognition of the socio-economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on the rural community. For the purpose, this study analyzed Korea Rural Economic Institute's rural residents survey(2016), using multiple regression model. The main finding of this study were as follows: Positive social impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) contributing to community sustainability through population growth, (2) contributing to securing agricultural human resources, and others. Negative social impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) increasing unnecessary complaints and deepening distrust, (2) weakening of community consciousness, and others. Positive economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) increasing the value of residents' property, (2) contributing to local finance through increased local tax revenue, and others. Negative economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) difficulty of scaling farmland due to small-scale farming, (2) land shortage caused by rising land prices, and (3) fierce competition to secure labor force. According to the multiple regression analysis, the major factors influencing rural residents' recognition of the socio-economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration were (1) villagers' general attitude toward urban-to-rural migrants, (2) urban-to-rural migrants' community participation, (3) age, and (4) fitness of village in urban-to-rural migration.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.163-178
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• 2015

본 연구는 기대불일치의 긍정적 속성과 부정적 속성이 대학생의 만족도와 충성도에 미치는 차별적 영향력을 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 전국 32개 대학의 학생 1,400명을 대상으로 실시한 '대학생의 학교생활 만족도 조사 연구'를 위해 수집된 설문자료에서 기대불일치와 관련된 부분을 발췌하여 사용하였다. 자료분석 시 긍정적 불일치와 부정적 불일치가 만족도 및 충성도에 미치는 경로지수를 산출하기 위하여 단순회귀분석 방법을 활용하였다. 연구결과에서 나타난 주요내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불일치의 속성이 만족도에 미치는 영향은 긍정적 불일치의 경우 정(+)의 영향(${\beta}=.188$)을 미치는 반면, 부정적 불일치는 부(-)의 영향(${\beta}=-.326$)을 미치는 것으로 밝혀져 기대불일치이론을 지지하였다. 둘째, 불일치의 속성이 충성도에 미치는 영향은 부정적 불일치의 경우 유의미한 반면(${\beta}=-.105$), 긍정적 불일치의 경우 유의미하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 결과는 불일치의 부정적 속성이 긍정적 속성에 비해 만족도와 충성도에 대해 2~7배 정도 더 강력한 힘으로 영향을 미치고 있음을 시사한다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 학생의 만족도와 충성도는 교육성과의 지표라는 점에서 공통점을 지니지만 그 제고전략에 대해서는 별개의 차원에서 접근할 것을 제언하였다. 아울러 대학은 불일치의 부정적 요소의 가중적 파급효과를 고려하여 특히 학생들이 표출하는 불만 요소에 대해 보다 적극적으로 대처할 것을 제안하였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2005

이 연구는 환경분야의 자격에 대한 이론적 배경을 바탕으로 환경분야 자격의 효과를 조사하고 이를 실증적으로 검정하는데 목적이 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 이론적 배경을 바탕으로 기업에서의 자격의 효과를 경제적 효과(생산성 향상, 품질 향상)와 비경제적 효과(직무수행시 신뢰성, 기술 기능인력의 전문성, 기업가치평가지표, 직무배치 활용)로 구분하여 연구의 모형을 설정했으며, 연구의 모형을 바탕으로 설문지를 구성하여 설문조사를 실시하였다 가설을 검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가설 1(환경분야 자격은 기업의 경제적 효과에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이다)의 검정결과, 환경분야 자격은 기업의 경제적 효과에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다고 분석되었다. 기업의 경제적인 효과를 생산성 향상과 품질 향상으로 제시하였는데 2가지 변인 모두에게서 환경분야 자격은 기업의 경제적인 효과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 가설 2(환경분야 자격은 기업의 비경제적 효과에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이다)의 검정결과, 환경분야 자격은 직무수행시 신뢰성 효과, 기술 기능 인력 전문성 효과, 기업가치평가지표 효과, 직무배치 활용 효과에 있어서 기업의 비경제적 효과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이와 같이 환경분야 자격은 환경산업체에서 기업의 경제적 효과와 비경제적인 효과가 있었다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2004

This study analyzed the multivariate impacts of subsidies on the sustainability of fish stock using a dynamic bioeconomic modeling and fisheries resources economic approaches for understanding impacts of a subsidy on the sustainability of a fish stock. According to the results of analysis, the conclusion of former studies is true only there are imperfect control of fishing effort and enforcement under management rerime and under open access. However, if there are perfect control of effort and enforcement, the subsidies do not give any negative impacts on the sustainability of fish stock. Further, if even so-called bad subsidy is also provided necessarily in response to the condition of fishing industry and the characteristic of fishermen, it can give positive impacts on fishing income by which fishermen can improve their fishing condition.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2012

본 연구는 국내의 금융 등 서비스 산업을 중심으로 IT 아웃소싱의 도입요인으로 기업요인, 아웃소싱의 범위요인, 위험요인을 독립변수로 하고 도입성과를 종속변수로 하여 도입요인이 성과요인에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, IT아웃소싱 도입에 있어서 기업요인과 관련된 산업경쟁력과 최고경영자 지원은 아웃소싱 도입성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 서비스의 기술적인 환경변화는 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, IT아웃소싱 도입에 있어서 아웃소싱 범위요인과 관련된 인프라아웃소싱, 애플리케이션 아웃소싱, 토털 아웃소싱은 아웃소싱 도입성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, IT아웃소싱 도입에 있어서 위험요인과 관련된 안전성의 위험, 비용증가의 위험, 자율성 상실의 위험은 아웃소싱 도입성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate and practically examine the effect of environmental qualifications based on the theoretical background on the area. First, the economic effect of the acquisition of the qualifications was to be studied from the viewpoints of individuals and from an actual analysis on it, its effect was to be proved. Second, its non-economic effect was to be proved from the same way as the first analysis. On the basis of theoretical background, a study model was formulated in a way that the effect of qualifications in individuals side was divided into an economic effect (wage, employment, promotion, job-switching) and non-economic effect (self-development, self-efficiency, satisfaction on the job, ability to cope with the advancement of technology, job performance, signal effect, the settlement of uneasiness at unemployment). Then, survey was carried out with questions designed in accordance with this model. The hypotheses were proved as the following. First, for hypothesis 1(Environmental qualifications will bring up positive impacts on an individuals economic effect), environmental qualifications was shown to have positive impacts on wage, job-switching in personal economic effect. But, no personal economic effect appeared for employment and promotion. Second, for hypothesis 2(Environmental qualifications will bring up positive impacts on an individuals non-economic effect), environmental qualifications appeared to have positive impacts on self-efficiency, ability to cope with the advancement of technology, job performance and signal effect. Besides, no impact was shown in satisfaction on the job and the settlement of uneasiness at unemployment and self-development.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2014

Purpose - The rapid spread of SNS and increase of SNS users have heralded great changes in the tourism industry. Therefore, this study focused on how SNS characteristics- usefulness, convenience, interactivity, and intimacy - influence diffusivity, reliability and, consequently, user's preference for tourist attractions. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is designed not only to collect data with a questionnaire survey but also to test hypotheses with SEM by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results - Usefulness, interactivity, and intimacy positively affect diffusivity, whereas convenience does not positively affect diffusivity. In addition, intimacy has a negative influence on reliability. However, diffusivity and reliability have positive impacts on the preference for tourist places. Conclusions - Certain characteristics of SNS facilitates the spreading of SNS tourist information. Usability and interactivity have positive impacts on the reliance of tourist information. Better communication can enhance the reliance of travel information. The influence of spreading tourist information has a positive influence on its reliance. Extension and reliance can have positive effects on the preference for tourist attractions.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.182-189
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• 2023

This study investigates the psychological effects of positive/negative valence order in repeated exposure to a suspenseful text. Specifically, the study seeks to understand how the order in which positive and negative elements are presented in a narrative impacts the experience of suspense, arousal, and enjoyment in readers or listeners. Using a suspenseful short story, participants were exposed to narratives with varying valence orders in a repeated-measures design. The study employed self-report questionnaires and psychophysiological measurements to capture participants' psychological responses. The results supported the hypothesis that repeated exposure impacts suspense, with negative valence enhancing suspense and arousal. Moreover, the order of valence influenced participants' psychological responses, indicating that positive valence can mitigate the impact of repeated exposure. However, the influence on enjoyment was not significant. Psychophysiological measures, specifically skin conductance level (SCL), revealed trends of habituation over repeated exposure. The findings underscore the significance of negative valence in heightening suspense and suggest directions for future research in exploring diverse factors that contribute to suspense in both fictional and real-life contexts.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-116
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• 2007

This study intends to examine the effects of CRM on the customer loyalty. Service quality, customer satisfaction, and organizational committment have been tested as mediating factors between the customers' perceived relational efforts and their loyalty. From 236 customers of insurance firms survey data have been collected and analyzed based on the structural equation modeling. The results show that firms' relational efforts have positive impacts on service quality and customer loyalty. Also, this study shows that service quality can play an important mediating role between CRM activities and customer satisfaction as well as organizational commitment, which have shown positive impacts on customer loyalty Consequently, firms need to design their CRM activities paying more attentions to the service qualify attributes, rather than asking too much from the target customers.