• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2013

We propose a new global positioning method for the indoor mobile robots. The multiple indoor lights fixed in ceiling are used as the landmarks of positioning system. The ceiling images are acquired by the fisheye lens camera mounted on the moving robot. The position and orientation of the lights are extracted by binarization and labeling techniques. Also the boundary lines between ceiling and walls are extracted to identify the order of each light. The robot position is then calculated from the extracted position and known position of the lights. The proposed system can increase the accuracy and reduce the computation time comparing with the other positioning methods using natural landmark. Experimental results are presented to show the performance of the method.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2022

최근 개발되는 드론은 저가이면서 운용의 편의성 또한 높아 드론을 이용한 공간정보 제작 및 활용이 나날이 증대되고 있다. 그러나, 대부분 저가형의 드론은 저정밀도 GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit)를 탑재하여 영상을 취득하기 때문에 영상이 초기에 가지고 있는 위치정보 및 회전각 요소의 정확도가 낮다. 또한, 기체가 작고 가벼워 바람의 영향을 많이 받기 때문에 일정한 중복도를 유지하기에 어려움이 있으며 이러한 문제가 위치결정 정확도에 영향을 미친다. 이에 본 연구에서는 외부표정요소 변화에 따른 위치 정확도 변화를 분석하기 위하여 서로 다른 시기에 촬영한 영상을 Pix4D Mapper로 영상처리하고 성과물의 정확도를 분석하였다. 외부표정요소에 따른 정확도 변화를 세밀하게 분석하기 위하여 1차 처리 결과의 외부표정요소를 2차 처리 시 메타데이터로 활용하였다. 이후 외부표정요소를 스트립별로 나누어 변화량을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 회전각 요소 중 Omega, Phi값의 변화는 표고위치 정확도, Kappa값은 평면위치 정확도의 저하에 더욱 관련되어 있음을 입증하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.1403-1406
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• 1997

Generally, G.P.S(Global Positioning System) is using for the car navigation system but it has some restrictions such as the discontinuity of earth satellites and SA (Selective Availability). Recently, the hybrid navigation system combining with G.P.S and Dead-reckoning are much attractuve for improving the accuracy of a vehicle positioning. G.P.S called satellite navigation system, can measure its position by using satellites. Dead-Reckoning is the self-contained navigatioin system using a wheel sensor for the vehicle velocity and a gyro sensor for the vehicle angular velocity. Some algorithm could be generated for finding the vehicle position and orientation. In this paper, we developed a hybrid algotithm wiht G.P.S DR and Map-Matching.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.219-225
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• 2000

The major movement block of the containers have range between apron and designation points on yard in container terminal. The yard tractor operated by human takes charge of its movement in conventional container terminal. In automated container terminal, AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle) has charge of the yard tractor's role and the navigation path is ordered from upper level control system. The automated container terminal facilities must have the docking system to guide landing line to have high speed travelling and precision positioning. The general method for docking system uses the vision system with CCD camera, infra red, and laser. This paper describes the detection of AGV's position and orientation using laser slit beam to develop docking system.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.431-445
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 사진측량 관점에서 4S-Van 영상을 이용한 3차원 위치결정의 정밀도를 실험적으로 검증하였다. 실외에 3차원 검정타겟을 설치하고 45-Van에 탑재된 2대의 CCD카메라로부터 검정타겟 영상을 개별적으로 취득하여 자체검정기법으로 각각의 CCD카메라에 대한 내부표정요소를 개별적으로 정확하게 결정하였다. 이와 같이 얻어진 내부표정요소와 검정타겟의 지상좌표 및 검정타겟을 동시에 촬영한 좌ㆍ우측 카메라의 영상좌표를 이용하여 광속조정법으로 2대 CCD카메라의 외부표정요소를 동시에 결정하였다. 또한, 렌즈왜곡이 고려된 에피폴라선을 이용하기 위하여 역렌즈왜곡계수를 최소제곱법을 이용하여 결정하였다. 역렌즈왜곡계수를 이용하여 약 0.5 pixel 이내로 렌즈왜곡이 포함된 영상좌표로 변환이 가능하였다. 렌즈왜곡이 고려된 에피폴라선을 이용한 반자동 영상매칭을 적용하여 3차원 위치결정의 정밀도를 검증하였다. 실험적으로 촬영거리 20m이내에서는 대략2cm 정도의 정밀도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.32-45
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• 1989

The positioning accuracy of robots depends upon a forward kinematics which relates the joint variables to the orientation and position of the robot extremity in the absolute coordinate system. The relationship between two connective joint coordi- nates of a robot, which is the basis of the kinematics, is defined by 4 Denavit-Hartenberg parameters. But manufacturing errors in machining and assembly process of robots lead to disctrepancies between the design parameters and the physical structure. Thus, improving the positioning accuracy of robots reguires the identification of the actual link parameters of each robot. In this study, the least-squares method is used to calibrate the link parameters and off-line parameter calibration software is developed. Computer simulation is done to study the dependence of the calibration performance upon the DOF of the robot and number of acquired data set used in the least-squares method. 3 DOF Robot/Controller and specially designed 3D coordinate measurer is made and experiment is carried out to verify the theoretical and computational analysis.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권2호통권95호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

This paper describes the development of a vision-aided position and orientation recognition system for automatically adjusting electronic tuners which control the waveform by rotating variable resisters. The position and orientation recognition system estimates the center and the angle of the tuner grooves so that the main controller may correct the difference from the ideal position and thereby manipulate the variable resisters automatically. In this paper a robust algorithm is suggested which estimates the center and the angle of the tuner grooves fast and precisly from the source image with lighting variance and video noise. In the algorithm morphological filtering, 8-chain coding, and invariant moments are sequentially used to figure out image segments concerned. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated using a set of real specimens. The results indicate the system works well enough to be used practically in real manufacturing lines. If the system adopts a high speed frame grabber which enables real time image processing, it can also be applied to positioning of robot manipulators as well as automated PCB adjusters.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.656-660
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• 2004

The Mobile Mapping System is an effective method to acquire the position and image data using vehicle equipped with the GPS (Global Positioning System), IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), and CCD camera. It is used in various fields of road facility management, map update, and etc. In the general photogrammetry such as aerial photogrammetry, GCP (Ground Control Point)s are needed to compute the image exterior orientation elements (the position and attitude of camera). These points are measured by field survey at the time of data acquisition. But it costs much time and money. Moreover, it is not possible to make sufficient GCP as much as we want. However Mobile Mapping System is more efficient both in time and money because it can obtain the position and attitude of camera at the time of photographing. That is, Indirect Georeferencing must use GCP to compute the image exterior orientation elements, but on the other hand Direct Georeferencing can directly compute the image exterior orientation elements by GPS/INS. In this paper, we analyze about the positional accuracy comparison of ground point using the Direct Georeferencing and Indirect Georeferencing.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2016

In this paper, design and implementation issues for a network-oriented RF emitter localization system with array antenna are discussed. For hardware, the problem of array mismatch and RF/IF channel mismatch are introduced and the calibration schemes for solving those problems are also provided. For software, it is explained how to overcome the drawback of conventional MUltiple Signal Identification and Classification (MUSIC) algorithm in a point of identifying the number of received signals and problems such as Data Association Problem and Ghost Node Problem in regard to multiple emitter localization are presented with some approaches for getting around those problems. Finally, for implementation, a criterion for arranging each of sensors and a requirement for alignment of array antenna' orientation are also given.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2012

This paper describes the optimal home positioning algorithm of Eclipse-II, a new conceptual parallel mechanism for motion simulator. Eclipse-II is capable of translation and 360 degrees continuous rotation in all directions. In unexpected situations such as emergency stop, riders have to be resituated as soon as possible through a shortest translational and rotational path because the return paths are not unique in view of inverse kinematic solution. Eclipse-II is man riding. Therefore, the home positioning is directly related to the safety of riders. To ensure a least elapsed time, ZYX Euler angle inverse kinematics is applied to find an optimal home orientation. In addition, the subsequent decrease of maximum acceleration and jerk values is achieved by combining the optimal return path function with cubic spline, which consequently reduces delivery force and vibration to riders.