• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 1991

Microporous glasses in the system TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-CaO-Na2O were prepared by the phase-separation technique. Morphology and distribution of pore and specific surface area of glasses heated and leached out at various conditions were investigated by SEM and Porosimeter. Crystallization of glasses heated above transition temperature was also inspected by X-ray diffraction method. When the heating temperature and time increased, the pore size and volume increased, but the specific surface area decreased above the critical temperature. The phase-separation, specific surface area and pore size showed more sensitive change on the variation of heating temperature than of heating time. The specific surface area and micropore volume of porous glasses prepared in this study were about 120-330$m^2$/g and 0.001-0.01cc/g, respectively. Mean pore size of porous glasses were about 20-90$\AA$. Anatase phases was deposited when the parent glass was heat-treated at 75$0^{\circ}C$ for 6hrs.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.425-429
• /
• 1991

Porous glasses were prepared from $TiO_2$ containing borosilicate glass by the phase separation. Pore distribution and surface area of porous glasses were invesigated by SEM and porosimeter. As temperature and heating time increase. The pore size and volume increased, but the specific surface area decreased above the critical temperature. The specific surface area and pore size showed more sensitive change on the variation of heating temperature than of heating time.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.255-262
• /
• 1993

Major parameters determining the extent of Ca utilization were investigated for their calcination/sulfation behavior of limestone in the AFBC(Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion) environments. Three different particle sizes of Fredonia limestone were investigated in the lab-scale tubular reactor. The results of the calcination codnversion of limestone imply that thesd decomposition rate of CaCO3 into CaO is dependent on the amount of heat which limestone absorbed. Hg porosimeter measurement of calcined limestone illustrated that surface area and pore volume are increased with decreasing particle size. Raw Fredonia limestone and sequentially as well as simultaneously calcined/sulfated limestones were also examined using SEM. The SEM Studied showed that the surface of the calcined limestone particles is more diffusive nature than that of the parent calcite. However, the sulfur distribution pattern of simultaneously-treated particles and that of the se-quentially-treated one shows no difference.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.664-670
• /
• 2012

A study on the in situ regeneration effect of commercial deactivated SCR catalyst which had been exposed to the off gas from the heavy oil fired power plant for a long time was carried out in a simulated in situ conditions by washing with distilled water and various acid solutions in a short time. The catalytic performance test of the regenerated SCR catalysts was carried out in the micro reactor with simulated off gas of the heavy oil fired power plant and all prepared catalysts were characterized by BET, Porosimeter, EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometer) and ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) to investigate correlations between catalytic activity and surface characteristics of them. The characterization results of the regenerated catalysts showed that the specific surface area was restored 95% more than that of fresh catalyst. Under this study, the activity of the regenerated catalysts with acid solution (3~6 M) without using ultrasonic wave in a simulated in situ conditions was restored 90% more than that of the fresh catalyst. It was found that improved activity of regenerated catalyst was caused by removing the deactivating materials from the surface of the deactivated SCR catalyst through acid washing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.27 no.8
• /
• pp.859-869
• /
• 2005

The commercial $V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2$ catalysts which had been exposed to the off gas from incinerator for a long time were regenerated by physical and chemical treatment. The catalytic properties and NOx conversion reactivity of those catalysts were examined by analysis equipment and NOx conversion experiment. The characterization of the catalysts were performed by XRD(x-ray diffractometer), BET, POROSIMETER, EDX(energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer), ICP(inductively coupled plasma), TGA(thermogravimetric analyzer) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). NOx conversion experiment were performed with simulated off gas of the incinerator and $NH_3$ was used as a reductant of SCR reaction. Among the regeneration treatment methods which were applied to regenerate the aged catalysts in this study, it showed that the heat treatment method had excellent regeneration effect on the catalytic performance for NOx conversion. The catalytic performance of the regenerated catalysts with heat treatment method were recovered over than 95% of that of fresh catalyst. For the regenerated catalysts with the acid solution(pH 5) and the alkali solution(pH 12), the catalytic performance were recovered over than 90% of that of fresh catalyst. From the characterization results of the regenerated catalysts, the specific surface area was recovered in the range of $85{\sim}95%$ of that of fresh catalyst. S and Ca element, which are well known as the deactivation materials for the SCR catalysts, accumulated on the aged catalyst surface were removed up to maximum 99%. Among the P, Cr, Zn and Pb elements accumulated on the aged catalyst surface, P, Cr and Zn element were removed up to 95%. But the Pb element were removed in the range of $10{\sim}30%$ of that of fresh catalyst.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.32 no.10
• /
• pp.957-964
• /
• 2010

The deactivated catalyzed diesel particulate filter-trap (DPF) was remanufactured by ultrasonic wave treatment with various prepared solutions, followed by active component re-impregnation, and the emission control performance and surface properties of remanufactured DPF were studied at various remanufacturing conditions. The proper ultrasonic wave cleaning time at various prepared solutions and optimal re-impregnation amounts of active component for the best emission control performance of DPF were investigated and its performance tests were also carried out with various temperatures for the conversions of CO, THC (total hydrocarbon) and PM (particulate matter) by catalytic reaction test unit using bypass gas from the diesel engine dynamo system. It was found that the emission control performance of DPF remanufactured with the high-temperature air washing, ultrasonic wave cleaning at acid/base solutions and active component re-impregnation method was recovered to 95% level of its activity compared to that of the fresh DPF, which was caused by removing the deactivating materials from the surface of the DPF, through the analyses of performance test and their surface characterization by Optical microscope, EDX, ICP, TGA, and porosimeter.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.144-150
• /
• 1985

For the separation of boron isotopes, aminated polystyrenedivinylbenzene ion-exchange resins were prepared by chloromethylation of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer (DVB 10%), followed by the reaction of methylamine. During the preparation of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, heptane for the porous resin and toluene for the non-porous resin were used as diluent, and the pore volume of the resins was determined by mercury porosimeter. In both water and aqueous alcohol solutions, the distribution coefficient of boric acid was decreased in accordance with increasing the alcohol concentration and the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol molecules. As a result of separatioin of boron isotope with nonporous and porous resin in water solvent, the separation efficiency of porous resin is better than that of the nonporous, and the result in both water and 50% methyl alcohol solvent relevant to nonporous resin indicated that the latter was better than the former.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.535-544
• /
• 1996

In the development of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell, one of the serious problems is the dissolution of cathode material. Therefore, the development of the alternative cathode which is stable in molten carbonate is needed. In this research, the licoo, was chosen as alternative cathode material. $LiCoO_2$ powder was synthesized by high temperature calcination method and by citrate sol-gel method. And its structure and physical iharacteristics were analyzed by XRD, 1 R, TCA and porosimeter. The conductivity and solubility of $LiCoO_2$ electrode were also measured. Homogeneous $LiCoO_2$ Powder was obtained by citrate sol-Rel method at 445$^{\circ}C$, however, obtained above 75$0^{\circ}C$ by high temperature calcination method. Homogeneous particle size distribution and fine powder were obtained by the citrate sol-Rel method. $LiCoO_2$ electrode showed higher electric conductivity ($1.7 $\Omega$^{-1}cm^{-1}$) than NiO (0.1 $\Omega$^{-9} cm^{-1}) at $650^{\circ}C$. The solubilities of $LiCoO_2$ electrode in electrolyte were varies 0.6 to 1.0 ppm during 200 hours. So, the solubilities of $LiCoO_2$ were much lower than that of NiO.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.26-34
• /
• 1999

This paper was intended to find out the relationship between optical and interior properties of coated paper and printability with the variation of particle size of ground calcium carbonate(GCC) by using Mercury Porosimeter, and to find out the pore properties of coated paper as well. The viscosity and water retention of coating color was increased and smothness, sheet gloss and porosity of coated paper were improved as the particle size of GCC was decreased. However, there was no difference in opacity and brightness of coated paper. The pore volume of coated paper was decreased, but the number of pores was drastically increased according to the decrease of the particle size of GCC. The weight of ink transferred into coated paper was increased in proportion to pore volume of coated paper. However, the weight of damping water and ink induced toward coated paper was slightly increased. Ink setting was accelerated printing gloss was not changed. Therefore, optical and interior properties of coated paper seemed to be affected by the pore property of coated paper and printability was also affected by it.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 1999

The increase in color depth of polyester fiber dyed with black disperse dyes was investigated with respect to the kinds of resins and alkali treatment. The color depth of the dyed polyester fiber increased continuously according to the concentration of resins coated onto the fabrics. The alkali treatment to polyester fiber before dyeing also enhanced the color depth. It was thought that the polyester fiber was hydrolyzed by alkali resulting micropores on the sample. And the following treatment with a resin, Jet Black T-101, to the polyester fiber increased the color depth much higher. The successive process of alkali treatment, dyeing and Jet Black T-101 treatment could give the best color depth to polyester fiber. Although the alkali treatment reduced the tensile strength of polyester fiber, the color depth of polyester fiber enhanced sufficiently within the range of practically acceptable weight loss and strength. To analyze the micropore on the polyester fiber formed by alkali treatment, nitrogen porosimeter was used. As the weight loss of polyester fiber treated with alkali increased, the BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area, total pore volume, and average pore size of the sample increased.