• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2006

Medical technology being developed, the increase of the aged population brings about many changes in financial standard, consciousness and lifestyle. And the increase of a nuclear family and a professional woman makes their family not to be able to support them anymore. Because aged people also don't want to rely on their family, aged people households are growing gradually. These causes make a house and a living environment of aged people to new social problems and these became elements to determine the living quality. In case of advanced nations a house considered of the physical character of aged people has been planned and they can live with various services in their houses and community that they are living without moving: But a hou! se for aged people is initial stage in Korea. And most facilities are poor and just for protection and accommodation. Although concerning a house for the aged according to revised the aged welfare law, companies are waiting to build because of problems of cognition and regulation. Therefore the plan considered of the character of the aged is being needed for the independent and comfortable living of the aged.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2008

Rapid increase of aging population and progressed migration from rural areas to urban areas have caused deficit of bus routes in local cities. This increasing burden of operation deficit affects the movement strategy of the transportation vulnerable who are using buses. Along with dramatically increased aging in Korea, there is an urgent need to implement a new method which can guarantee mobility rights of public transportation especially for the elderly. This study focuses on the case of Demand Responsive Transit(DRT) system that has been operating in America, Europe, Japan, etc. Kimhae(Sangdong-myeon and Saengnim-myeon) is selected as a study area. This study investigated the possibility of adopting DRT system on the perspectives of the consumer and provider by the analysis of traffic condition such as the number of transportation vehicles, present bus service and regulation and conduct of questionnaire survey which includes present bus service and DRT system and so on. In conclusion, DRT system in Kimhae city will reduce transport cost, increase affordability through the betterment of service level and secure mobility rights for the transportation vulnerable.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.221-227
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• 1998

Although there has been a considerable research in psychoneuroendocrinology, particularly in relation to the biology of mood disorders, there has been a paucity of research regarding the effects of psychological factors on endocrine diseases. Of the existing literature, the most research is focused on diabetes mellitus, graves' disease. Especially diabetes appears to be the only endocrine disease that has been the focus of recent research studies. Most of the studies had retrospective designs or several methodological flaw. There has been no consistent results demonstrating that psychological factors affect the onset of diabetes mellitus. Several studies have suggested that psychological factors affect the course of diabetes. A small number of studies showed some evidence that psychological stress was associated with changes in glucose regulation in a subset of diabetic patients. There was also evidence to suggest that some temperament and coping skill influence glycemic control in child, adolescent diabetics. Studies of behavioral or psychosocial intervention on diabetic control have been small and have produced mixed results. There was a few controlled study suggested that stressful life events might be a causal role in Cushing's disease and Graves'disease, but there is no presently sufficient evidence to suggest that psychological factors affect the onset and the course of Cushing's disease and Graves' disease. In future, there is need for a well-designed biopsychosocial research with prospective designs, well defined patient population and control groups to study the relationship between psychological factors and endocrine diseases.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of six-week biofeedback training for prevention of falling in elderly persons. Biofeedback training for using the TETRAX system. Methods: Thirty healthy elderly persons(men=17, women=13) who were 79 years of mean age participated in sensory regulation training. They were trained for thirty minutes a day, three times per week. We measured subjects sensory regulated function by TETRAX system, and analyzed mean difference of observed variables by paired t-test between the pre and post test. Results: The first experimental group were significantly difference between pre and post test. The second control group were not significantly between the pre and post test. The third there are significant between group. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that biofeedback training exercise will improve sensory balance function, and further studies needs to identify which specific factors are related to fall in the elderly population, and it is expected this study may contribute in reducing fall and therapeutic exercise in falling.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.259-269
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• 2011

The meaning of fengshui was another cultural ecological environment in the pre-modern in Korea. Village residents made interrelations with village natural environment by the medium of the geomantic landscape. The functions of cultural ecology through the village fengshui are as follows: the spatial location, the population inflow, the regulation of the community's production or construction or land-use, the adjustment of the environmental carrying capacity, the environmental management, the forming of the collective environmental perception and attitude. Village fengshui is a cultural adaptation strategy to the local environment for the village residents. Fengshui can be evaluated as a traditional cultural ecological way and knowledge system for keeping sustainable village environment in East Asia.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8599-8604
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• 2016

Ovarian cancer is the main cause of mortality in gynecological malignancy and extensive studies have been conducted to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. The BRCA2 gene is known to be an important tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer, thereby BRCA2 alterations may lead to cancer progression. However, the BRCA2 gene is rarely mutated, and loss of function is suspected to be mediated by epigenetic regulation. In this study we investigated the methylation status and gene expression of BRCA2 in ovarian cancer patients. Ovarian cancer pateints (n=69) were recruited and monitored for 54 months in this prospective cohort study. Clinical specimens were used to study the in situ expression of aberrant BRCA2 proteins and the methylation status of BRCA2. These parameters were then compared with clinical parameters and overall survival rate. We found that BRCA2 methylation was found in the majority of cases (98.7%). However, the methylation status was not associated with protein level expression of BRCA2 (49.3%). Therefore in addition to DNA methylation, other epigenetic mechanisms may regulate BRCA2 expresison. Our findings may become evidence of BRCA2 inactivation mechanism through DNA methylation in the Indonesian population. More importantly, from multivariate analysis, BRCA2 expression was correlated with better overall survival (HR 0.32; p=0.05). High percentage of BRCA2 methylation and correlation of BRCA2 expression with overall survival in epithelial ovarian cancer cases may lead to development of treatment modalities specifically to target methylation of BRCA genes.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2009

This study is planning improvement of welfare facilities about the hall for the aged in apartment housing. An apartment house, famous residential type in Korea, put an important value on its convenience and economical efficiency of furniture arrangement by maximizing floor space index. In this regard, leisure usage of house was not carefully considered for the aged people. To redefine the efficiency of welfare facilities, research mainly deals with analysis of realistic needs for the aged through the spot survey and interview. The main purpose of this study is to enhance the quality of welfare facilities and propose the improved welfare facilities for the aged people. Through the research, conclusions are as followed First, Facility standard and provisions of the law should be revised for considering population growth of the aged people. Second, there are 4 plan types in the hall for the aged. Contrary to our expectation, diversity of program was not found however various program planning is needed for considering its different types of plan. Third, according to regulation, space restriction is based on the number of households. Therefore, room and space standard does not depend on the number of people. From now on, in order to improve quality of welfare facilities of the aged, revision of laws and overall facility standard should be implemented in advance.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

Mitochondria are responsible for supplying of most of the cell's energy via oxidative phosphorylation. However, mitochondria also can be deleterious for a cell because they are the primary source of reactive oxygen species, which are generated as a byproduct of respiration. Accumulation of mitochondrial and cellular oxidative damage leads to diverse pathologies. Thus, it is important to maintain a population of healthy and functional mitochondria for normal cellular metabolism. Eukaryotes have developed defense mechanisms to cope with aberrant mitochondria. Mitochondria autophagy (known as mitophagy) is thought to be one such process that selectively sequesters dysfunctional or excess mitochondria within double-membrane autophagosomes and carries them into lysosomes/vacuoles for degradation. The power of genetics and conservation of fundamental cellular processes among eukaryotes make yeast an excellent model for understanding the general mechanisms, regulation, and function of mitophagy. In budding yeast, a mitochondrial surface protein, Atg32, serves as a mitochondrial receptor for selective autophagy that interacts with Atg11, an adaptor protein for selective types of autophagy, and Atg8, a ubiquitin-like protein localized to the isolation membrane. Atg32 is regulated transcriptionally and post-translationally to control mitophagy. Moreover, because Atg32 is a mitophagy-specific protein, analysis of its deficient mutant enables investigation of the physiological roles of mitophagy. Here, we review recent progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and functional importance of mitophagy in yeast at multiple levels.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1822-1830
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• 2002

The microsatellites are the short tandem repeats of 1 to 6 bp long monomer sequences that are repeated several times. These short tandem repeats are considered to be generated by the slipped strand mispairing. Based on the unique capability of alternating purine-pyrimidine residues to form Z-DNA, the possible role of the microsatellites in gene regulation has been proposed. The microsatellites are highly polymorphic, follow Mendelian inheritance and are evenly distributed throughout the genomes of eukaryotes. They are easy to isolate and the polymerase chain reaction based typing of the alleles can be readily automated. These properties make them the preferred markers for comparison of the genetic structure of the closely related breeds/populations; very high-resolution genetic mapping and parentage testing etc. The microsatellites have rapidly replaced the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in most applications in the population genetics studies in most species, including the various farm animals viz. cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep and pigs etc. More and more reports are now available describing the use of microsatellites in pigs ranging from measurement of genetic variation between breeds/populations, developing high resolution genetic maps to identifying and mapping genes of biological and economic importance.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.181-188
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• 2011

Major depression is a devastating disorder of which lifetime prevalence rate is as high as up to 25% in general population. Although the etiology of the disorder is still poorly understood, it is generally accepted that both genetic and environmental factors are involved in the precipitation of depression. Stressful lifetime events are potent precipitating environmental factors for major depression and early-life stress is in particular an important element that predisposes individuals to major depression later in life. How environmental factors such as stress can make our neural networks susceptible to depression and how those factors leave long-lasting influences have been among the major questions in the field of depression research. Epigenetic regulations can provide a bridging mechanism between environmental factors and genetic factors so that these two factors can additively determine individual predispositions to major depression. Here we introduce epigenetic regulations as candidate mechanisms that mediate the integration of environmental adversaries with genetic predispositions, which may lead to the development of major depression, and summarize basic molecular events that underlie epigenetic regulations as well as experimental evidences that support the active role of epigenetic regulation in major depression.