• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.314-327
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• 1992

Insecticide resistance is a serious is a serious threat to IPM, resulting in various adverse effects not to mention the loss of yield in agriculture. One approach to counter the problem is the disruption of resistance mechanisms. This can be achieved by (1) compounds which show a negative correlation with resistance at the site of action, (2) specific metabolic inhibitors which serve as synergists, or (3) a certain combination of two insecticides producing a joint action. This approach, however, requires certain precautions for the side effects may cause an increase in toxicity to mammals. Owing to the recent advances in theoretical studies on resistance management employing computer simulation and mathematical models, a few principles to reduce the risk of development of resistance have been clarified. They are helpful in designing operational strategies with regard to, for instance, insecticide doses to be applied, mode of application, and choice and nature of the insecticide(s) to be used. For restoration of insecticide susceptibility of a resistant population, reintroduction of susceptible individuals to the resistant population is feasible when certain conditions are met. Natural enemies which developed resistance to insecticides can be an important component of IPM as has been shown in the pest management in apple orchards. After all, the implementation of a successful resistance management program depends upon cooperation between different sigments of the agricutural community. Although resistance is a preadaptive phenomenon, in some cases spontaneous loss of resistance does occur without contamination by susceptible individuals. The instability of resistance in these insects implies the possible existence of a switch machanism controlling the expression of resistance gene(s). Elucidation of such a mechanism may eventually provide us with a new technical approach with which we can combat the problem of insecticide resistance.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2016

고령화로 인한 여러 가지 사회문제가 발생하는 가운데 치매노인의 증가도 이 중 하나라 할 수 있다. 치매인구 증가에 따른 사회경제적 비용이 증가하는 상황에서 체계적이고 효율적인 치매관리 대책의 필요성이 제기되고 있는 가운데, 본 연구에서는 우리보다 앞서 치매관리 대책을 마련하여 실시하고 있는 일본의 치매관리 대책을 살펴보았다. 특히 2015년 발표된 일본의 인지증시책추진종합전략(신오렌지 플랜)의 내용을 중점적으로 살펴보고 이를 통해 우리나라 치매정책 발전 방안을 탐색하였다. 이에 따라 치매환자나 그 가족들의 입장을 반영한 지원내용의 포함, 초로기 치매에 대한 대응의 필요성, 초기집중지원팀과 같은 조기진단 및 조기대응을 위한 체계의 정비, 치매환자 및 고령자에 친화적인 지역 만들기의 지속적 추진, 그리고 치매에 대한 인식을 높이기 위한 캠페인의 전개 등이 제안되었다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.831-841
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• 2010

Usability evaluation of physical products involves characterizing complex physical interactions between humans and products. Human models known as manikins have been widely utilized as usability evaluation tools for automobile interior package design. When combined with computer-aided design software programs, such manikins can be used to simulate driving postures and evaluate driver-interior fits early in the design process, and therefore, may greatly facilitate achieving high-quality design in a cost-efficient manner. The purpose of this study was to define a set of manikins for designing automobile interior packages for the South Korean male population. These manikins were conceptualized as "boundary" manikins, which represent individuals lacking in certain physical capacities or having usability-related issues (e.g., an individual with the 5th percentile forward reach capability, an individual with the 95th percentile shoulder width). Such boundary manikins can serve as an efficient tool for determining if an automobile interior design accommodates the majority of the population. The boundary manikins were selected from the large sample of Korean males whose anthropometric dimensions were described in the recent Size Korea anthropometric database. For each male in the database, his comfortable driving posture was represented using a kinematic body linkage model and various physical capacity measured and usability-related characteristics relevant to driver accommodation were evaluated. For each such measure, a boundary manikin was selected among the Korean males. The manikins defined in this study are expected to serve as tools for ergonomic design of automobile interior packages. The manikin selection method developed in this study was implemented as a generic software program useful for various product design applications.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.272-279
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• 2021

Background: Korea's health screening program has been faced the need for changes as the population and diseases structure are changing. In addition to Korea, many countries operate state-led health check-up programs to improve the health level of the people, and the operating methods of the program appear in various forms according to each country's health insurance system. This study examines other state-led health screening programs and proposes a direction for the development of Korea's health screening program. Methods: The study was conducted using the literature review method, and the "country" was set as a unit for the case analysis. The operating method of the health screening programs and the financial resources were compared according to the health insurance system. Five countries were selected as Korea, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Taiwan. Results: The analyzed countries mainly operate the health screening program as a management method for chronic diseases, but there were differences in the operating method, financing, and targeted subjects and examination items. In most countries, a risk assessment was performed prior to the examination (screening), and the subjects who needed the examination were first selected, and a follow-up management service was provided in accordance with the risk each individual exposed. Conclusion: Rather than applying the same screening method to populations with different risk levels, a health screening program will be constructed in consideration of the individual's health level and exposure risk, and the healthcare delivery system will be reorganized so that screening and treatment services can be linked.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.303-315
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• 2019

2018년 한국의 65세 이상 노인 인구는 14.3%로 고령사회로 진입하게 되었으며 2025년 전후로 노인 인구가 20% 이상인 초고령사회로의 진입이 예상된다. 노인들의 경우 여러 의료기관을 방문하여 의약품을 복용하는 경우가 많아 각 약물 간의 상호작용 등의 약물 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 노인 약물관리 제도가 전문화되어 있는 미국의 제도와 초고령사회로의 진입을 앞두고 있는 한국의 제도를 분석하여 체계적인 노인 약물관리 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구의 방법은 한국 및 미국의 노인 약물 관리에 관한 체계적인 문헌 연구를 진행하였다. 연구 결과 미국에서는 노인들에게 약물 치료 집중 관리제도(Medication Therapy Management, MTM)를 법제화하였고 노인 전문약사 제도를 운영하고 있었다. 한국에서는 노인 약물 관리를 위해 커뮤니티케어 사업을 진행하고 있지만 노인들이 더 안전하게 약을 사용하기 위해서는 노인 전문약사 제도가 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.158-172
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• 2021

Background: Metabolic syndrome has been known as a risk of cardiovascular disease. Meanwhile, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is used as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the association between hs-CRP and metabolic syndrome. Method: A total of 7,633 were chosen as the study population from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset (2016-2017). Our dependent variable was whether an individual had metabolic syndrome or not, and the independent variable of interest was hs-CRP which was categorized into three groups. The chi-square tests and hierarchical logistic regression analyses reflecting survey characteristics were conducted. All analyses were stratified by gender. Results: According to the adjusted model with all covariates, compared to individuals having the low risk of hs-CRP, those having its average risk were more likely to have metabolic syndrome in men (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.76) and women (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.33-2.16). Individuals having the high risk was not significantly different in men; however, they were more likely to have metabolic syndrome in women (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.28-3.23). Conclusion: In an upcoming aging society, it is important to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome to improve population health. This study suggests that hs-CRP may be used as a marker of the risk of metabolic syndrome in a gender-specific way, thereby contributing to enhancing awareness of the risk of metabolic syndrome among the general public.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.871-879
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• 2022

An increasing global population requires a greater food supply, and accordingly there is demand for enhanced production of rice, as a major crop plant that covers half of the world's population. Rice production in arid area is extremely difficult due to poor soil fertility, salinity, deficit of irrigation water, and weather conditions. The aim of the present study was to determine whether various fertilization recipes could provide a countermeasure to allow rice production while also providing soil amendment such as soil pH adjustment. The study was conducted at an experimental field of the United Arab-Emirates (UAE) from January to April, 2022. Rice seedlings (cv. Asemi, alkaline-resistant) were transplanted in plastic containers, and different types of water and nutrient managements were employed as follows: water management (flooding and aerobic for NPKs treatment group) and nutrient management (NPKs, slow release fertilizers [SRFs] and SRFs + NPK-1 treatment groups with flooding). Water and nutrient management did not show any effect on soil pH adjustment. Rice growth was significantly enhanced in the flooding compared to the aerobic condition, whereas the effect of nutrient management clearly differed among the treatment groups, with SRFs + NPK-1 showing the best results followed by SRFs and NPKs. Most of the fertilization groups markedly accumulated soluble sugars in the shoots and grains of rice plants, but concomitantly a decrease in the roots. Overall, the level of starch showed a tendency of relatively slight perturbation by fertilization. Taken together, the results indicate that soil physical structure should be preferentially amended to find the key for suitable rice production.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.799-804
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 인구의 증가, 도시의 거대화, 교통의 발달 이상기후 등으로 인한 재해 재난이 급증하고 피해규모도 점차 확대되고 있는 상황에서 재난관리를 통한 국민의 행복과 안정된 삶을 확보하는데 필요한 재난 안전 관리 시스템을 방재선진국의 시스템을 분석하여 재난 안전 관리에 대한 개선방안과 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 또한 국내외 재난관련 표준화 동향을 통하여 재난관리 활동의 효율성을 높이고자 한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.434-439
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• 2007

Amended Water Quality Environment Preservation Law enacted that the areas where nonpoint pollution is serious can be designated as Nonpoint Source Management Region. According to Section 54 of Water Quality Environment Preservation Law, corresponding watersheds are areas where runoff from nonpoint pollution source may deteriorate river and lake water quality, residents' health and property, and ecosystem. The criteria are as followings; i) where nonpoint source contribution result in or will result in significant ecological destruction, iii) national or local industrial complexes and cities having population greater than one million where nonpoint source managements are necessary, iv) where specific measurement is necessary because of its geological and stratigraphic characteristics. In this research, detailed designation criteria was developed reflecting current nonpoint source management situation and its discharge characteristics. Depending on the result, target regions were also suggested. In additions, it will be desirable that the target regions are prioritized considering institutional execution availability, stakeholder's agreement, and connection with existing nonpoint source pollution management measures.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1989

In this paper we present the shrunken testing estimator for the variance of normal population and we find the condition that can be used in seeking the situations in which the proposed estimator is superior to the minimum variance unbiased estimator.