• Title/Summary/Keyword: Poor grade

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Malignant Inflammatory Fibrous Histiocytoma in a Pointer Dog

  • Do, Sun-hee;Jeong, Kyu-shik
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.54-54
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    • 2003
  • Malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs) is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in the old animal with a aggressiveness, a high local recurrence rate and significant metastatic rate, which associated with a poor prognosis. In most histologic and immunohistological studies, the tumor cells raised from a fibroblastic and/or myofibroblastic phenotype, presumably from undifferentiated mesenchymal cell origin. MFHs are usually firm and invasive, arising in the subcutis; metastasis depends on tumor grade (many are grade 3) [1,2]. The primary tumor cells are pleomorphic, varying in appearance from fusiform to round. Often nucleoli are prominent and irregular [5]. Extracellular amorphous eosinophilic material may be prominent and likely represents reactive collagen production by the tumor [5]. (omitted)

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Fabric Dyeing Using Anthocyan Pigment from Grape Skin (포도과피의 안토이안 색소를 이용한 직물 염색)

  • 고영실;이혜자;유혜자
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.38 no.11
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2000
  • The natural dyestuff, grape skin dye was manufactured from grape skin by boiling in 0.1% HCI solution, eliminating the sugar and powdering in freeze dryer. Cotton, wool, silk and nylon fabrics were dyed under several conditions using the manufactured grape skin dye to investigate the dyeability and color fastness. Dyeing was operated in acidic dyebath of pH 4 because the grape skin is anionic. The color of dyed fabrics were affected on temperature of dyeing solution. Under 80$\^{C}$, the color of dyed fabrics were red or violet, but changed to brown in laundering. Above 100$\^{C}$, the color were brown and safe in laundering. Dyeabilities on wool, silk, and nylon fabrics were good, especially silk fabrics were dyed deeper than others. Dyeability was developed with concenturation of dyeing solution. All the dyed fabrics were excellent in color fastness to crocking and laundering. Light fastness was low to moderate. The light fastness of dyed nylon fabrics were as poor as grade 1, but they could be improved to grade 3∼4 by aftertreatment with gallic acid.

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A Case Study of Food Insecurity Experiences of Poor Households with children (아동이 있는 빈곤 가구의 식품 미보장 경험에 대한 질적 연구)

  • Jeong, Jeong Ho
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.31-60
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    • 2012
  • This case study tried to explore the food insecurity experiences of poor households with children, since 'food insecurity experiences' of poor households represents economic inequality and social deprivation in the midst of a affluent society. Interviewees in this reports reported that they have found difficulties with buying right or enough food materials due to short of income. As well, they have usually experienced the selection and use of only low-grade foods, substitution for more cheap food materials, limitation of available food materials(especially, meats and fruits), and monotonous diets in their everyday lives. Sometimes, their children skipped their meals due to their monotonous diets. To sum up, I could identify that they(poor households with children) had experienced many components of 'food insecurity' constructs in their daily lives. In spite of, there are some distinction between reports through food insecurity scale and records of interviews and the various foods-supply programs have supplemented their food insecure situation. Therefore, we should give consideration to these in the use and interpretation of the results of food insecurity scales.

Differential Expression of CXCR4 in Conventional High-grade and Low-grade Central Osteosarcoma and Its Prognostic Implications (골육종의 조직학적 등급에 따른 CXCR4 발현 및 예후로서의 의미)

  • Park, Hye-Rim;Seo, Jin-Won;Bacchini, Patrizia;Bertoni, Franco;Park, Yong-Koo
    • The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.20-27
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: The chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in human cancer and has been shown to participate in cancer metastasis. We compared the expression of CXCR4 in conventional high-grade and low-grade central osteosarcomas, and determined if an association between CXCR4 expression and prognosis could be made. Materials and Methods: We performed the immunohistochemistry for CXCR4 in a total of 63 patients with osteosarcoma and determined the relationships according to the clinicopathologic variables and overall survival rates. Results: CXCR4 was detected in 76.3% of conventional high-grade osteosarcoma patients and in 36% of low-grade central osteosarcomas. Diffuse expression was noted in 47.4% of the high-grade osteosarcomas and all low-grade cases were focal positive. CXCR4 expression was significantly correlated with histologic grade (p<0.0001). While overall survival rate was reduced significantly with increased CXCR4 expression (p=0.0058), higher histologic grade (p<0.0001), and younger age (p=0.0140), survival rate did not correlate with gender, tumor size, or AJCC stage. Conclusion: Our results suggest that CXCR4 expression is associated with higher-grade tumors and with poor prognosis for osteosarcoma patients.

Survey on Satisfaction of Fifth and Sixth Grade Students from Elementary School Foodservice in Won-ju (원주지역 초등학교 5.6학년 학생의 학교급식 만족도 조사)

  • Park, Kyo-Jin;Jang, Mi-Ra
    • Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 2008
  • This study was done to investigate satisfaction of fifth-grade(n=264) and sixth-grade(n=117) students from school foodservice in five elementary schools in Won-ju. On a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being very poor and 5 being very good, overall satisfaction from school foodservice was found to be 3.21$\pm$0.98('so-so$\sim$satisfaction'). The highest satisfactory factor was neatness of foodservice staffs(3.79$\pm$1.00), while the lowest satisfactory factor was the students' overall opinions of school foodservice(3.03$\pm$1.06). The biggest unsatisfactory factor was found to be 'bland food'. 'Enhancement of taste'(49.08%) caused the most complaints against school foodservice. Soup was identified as the type of food most likely to be left over, and there was some significant difference between fifth-graders and sixth-graders. The reason cited most often for leftovers was unfavorable menus(33.42%). Students were more likely to try foods which were unfamiliar to them and also foods they previously disliked as a result of using school foodservice(28.87%). Also significant, when the meal director was present during the meal service, satisfaction was markedly higher than when the director was not present.

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The investigation of an age as a prognostic factor of breast cancer (유방암의 예후인자로서 젊은 연령에 대한 고찰)

  • No, Dong-Yeong
    • Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 2004
  • Purpose:It has been known that the prognosis of a young woman's breast cancer is Poorer than the other woman However, the effect of age on the prognosis is not well-defined We performed this study to investigate age as a prognostic factor of breast cancer. Materials and Methods : A retrospective study was conducted for 3209 breast cancer patients who underwent operations in Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from January 1981 to December 2000. Patients were divided into two groups, young age(≤35) and old age(>35) groups. And tumor stage, histopathologic characteristics(such as histology, nuclear grade, histologic grade, hormonal receptor, etc), overall survival and disease free survival rates were compared between age groups. Results . The age ranged from 17 to 88 years. 396 patients(12.3%) were included in young age group(median=32) and 2813 Patients(87.7%) in old age group(median=47).There are more advanced stages and poor nuclear grades in young age group(p=0.000, p=0.003), By log-rank test, the young age group had poorer overall survival and disease free survival rates(p<0.05, p=0.0002). Although, the young age group had more advanced TMN stages(p=0.000) and poorer nuclear grade than the old age group(p=0.003) in multi variate analysis, the age was not a significant independent prognostic factor. (P=0.642)Conclusion: Our study showed that the age was not a significant independent prognostic factor.

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A Study on the Site Selection for Wind Power Using GIS (GIS를 이용한 풍력발전단지 최적입지 선정방법에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Sang-Hee;An, Seung-Man;Choi, Young-Jean;Sung, Hyo-Hyun
    • New & Renewable Energy
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study is to select appropriate location factors for wind power plant, provide detailed classification criteria, and find out appropriate sites for installing wind power plant in Gangwondo. In this study, the following 11 factors were extracted for site selection of wind power plant : wind resource, topography (valley angle, distance to the ridge), forest density, land use, preservation area, national park, Baekdu-Daegan, noise, shade, Transmission Line, and approaching roads. Each factor had relatively different level of importance so that AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique was used to calculated the weighted value per factor. For overlay analysis, classification criteria were prepared for each factor and each factor was classified into 3 grades : very appropriate, intermediate, poor. According to overlay analysis, the areas which received the highest grade (grade 5) was only in 0.16% of the total area of Gangwondo and had a tendency to exist along the mountain ridge over 600-meter elevation. Through analyzing the yearly average of wind power density, it was proved that the wind power density of areas with grade 4 or 5 had abundant wind resource over $400W/m^2$.

Dickkopf-1 Levels in Turkish Patients with Bladder Cancer and its Association with Clinicopathological Features

  • Kaba, Mehmet;Pirincci, Necip;Benli, Erdal;Gecit, Ilhan;Gunes, Mustafa;Yuksel, Mehmet Bilgehan;Tok, Adem;Kemik, Ahu Sarbay
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.381-384
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    • 2014
  • Background: Evidence indicates that Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) levels may be a biomarker for cancer risk. The aim of this study was to assess DKK-1 and its correlation with clinic-pathological features in patients with bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: DKK-1 levels were determined in serum samples from 90 patients with bladder cancer before transurethral tumor resection. The concentrations of DKK-1 were determined by using enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Elevated preoperative DKK-1 levels were associated with tumor stage (p<0.001), grade (p<0.001) and histological grade (p<0.001). Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrated that the level of serum DKK-1 is correlated with both disease progression and increase in the tumor grade. Preoperative serum DKK-1 elevation may thus represent a novel marker for the determination of bladder cancer and the detection of patients with a likely poor clinical outcome.

Immunohistochemical Expression of B Cell Lymphoma-2 with Clinicopathological Correlation in Triple Negative Breast Cancers in Northern Pakistan

  • Zubair, Muhammad;Hashmi, Shoaib Naiyar;Afzal, Saeed;Muhammad, Iqbal;Din, Hafeez Ud;Ahmed, Rabia
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.17 no.7
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    • pp.3619-3622
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    • 2016
  • Background: Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are high grade aggressive tumors generally with a poor prognosis, not responding to hormonal and anti Her2 Neu therapy. Expression of the antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 gene (Bcl-2) is associated with low grade, slowly proliferating hormone receptor positive tumors with improved survival. Anti Bcl2 agents can be used as alternative targeted therapy in triple negative cancers. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl2 in triple negative breast cancers and any correlation with clinicopathological variables in Northern Pakistan. Results: All 52 patients were females, aged between 28 and 80 years(average $48.0{\pm}12.1$). 28 cases (53.8%) were positive for Bcl2, this being associated with low grade invasive ductal carcinomas, lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion. Conclusions: Bcl-2 may be an important prognostic factor and its expression might be used for targeted therapy using Anti Bcl2 drugs.

Factors associated with seizure and cognitive outcomes after epilepsy surgery for low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumors in children

  • Ko, Ara;Lee, Joon Soo
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.63 no.5
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    • pp.171-177
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    • 2020
  • Low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumors (LEATs) are responsible for drug-resistant chronic focal epilepsy, and are the second-most common reason for epilepsy surgery in children. LEATs are extremely responsive to surgical treatment, and therefore epilepsy surgery should be considered as a treatment option for LEATs. However, the optimal time for surgery remains controversial, and surgeries are often delayed. In this review, we reviewed published article on the factors associated with seizure and cognitive outcomes after epilepsy surgery for LEATs in children to help clinicians in their decision whether to pursue epilepsy surgery for LEATs. The achievement of gross total resection may be the most important prognostic factor for seizure freedom. A shorter duration of epilepsy, a younger age at surgery, and extended resection of temporal lobe tumors have also been suggested as favorable prognostic factors in terms of seizure control. Poor cognitive function in children with LEATs is associated with a longer duration of epilepsy and a younger age at seizure onset.