• 제목/요약/키워드: Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)

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Metalloporphyrin-Catalyzed Chemoselective Oxidation of Sulfides with Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Supported Hydrogen Peroxide: Simple Catalytic System for Selective Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides

  • Zakavi, Saeed;Abasi, Azam;Pourali, Ali Reza;Talebzadeh, Sadegh
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.35-38
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    • 2012
  • Room temperature oxidation of organic sulfides with polyvinylpyrrolidone-supported hydrogen peroxide (PVP-$H_2O_2$) in the presence of Mn(III) complexes of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin, Mn(TPP)X (X = OCN, SCN, OAc, Cl) and imidazole (ImH) leads to the highly chemoselective (ca. 90%) oxidation of sulfides to the corresponding sulfoxide. The efficiency of reaction has been shown to be influenced by different reaction parameters such as the nature of counterion (X) and solvent as well as the molar ratio of reactants. Using Mn(TPP)OCN and ImH in 1:15 molar ratio and acetone as the solvent leads to the efficient oxidation of different sulfides.

Preparation and Characterization of Solid Dispersion of Ipriflavone with Polyvinylpyrrolidone

  • Jeong, Je-Kyo;Kim, Jung-Hoon;Khang, Gil-Son;Rhee, John M.;Lee, Hai-Bang
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.173-179
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    • 2002
  • Solid dispersions of ipriflavone with PVP were prepared by a spray-drying method in order to improve the bioavailability. They were measured with scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the physicochemical interaction between ipriflavone and PVP and study the correlation between these physicochemical characteristics and bioavailability. Ipriflavone exhibited crystallinity, whereas PVP was almost amorphous. The area of the endotherm $({\Delta}H)$ of freezer milled ipriflavone, freezer milled ipriflavone physically mixed with freezer milled PVP, and physically mixed ipriflavone with PVP was almost the same, whereas ${\Delta}H$ of the solid dispersed ipriflavone with PVP was much smaller than that of the other preparation types. Also, the crystallinity and the crystal size of ipriflavone in the solid dispersed ipriflavone with PVP were much smaller than those of the other preparation types. From the in vivo test, the AUC of the solid dispersed ipriflavone with PVP was approximately 10 times higher than that of the physically mixed ipriflavone with PVP. The solid dispersion using the spray-drying method with a water-soluble polymer, PVP, may be effective for the improvement of the bioavailability.

Characterization of Ni Oxide Nanofibers by Electrospinning

  • 박주연;고성위;강용철
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.379.2-379.2
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    • 2016
  • The Ni oxide/PVP nanofibers were synthesized by sol-gel and electrospinning technique. The obtained Ni oxide/PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) nanofibers were calcined to remove the PVP compound at 873 and 1173 K. The Ni oxide/PVP nanofibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The SEM images showed that the mat form was prepared by calcination of Ni oxide/PVP nanofibers at 873 K. And the crystal structure of Ni oxide at 1173 K was also confirmed by SEM images. XRD results shows the crystallinity of metallic Ni and NiO. TEM images also verified the crystal phase of Ni and Ni oxide. XP spectra revealed that the oxidation state of Ni to conclude the chemical composition of Cu oxide nanofibers.

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Studies on Hydrophobic Drug-Soluble Carrier Coprecipitates(1)

  • Shin, Sang-Chul
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.35-47
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    • 1979
  • In order to increase the dissolution rate of furosemide(4-choro-N-furfury1-5-sulfamoy1 anthranilic acid_, various ratio coprecipitates with water-soluble polymers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and polythylene glycol, of different molecular weight, were prepared and quantitatively studied by comparing their dissolution characteristics of furosemide at powder state and at nondisintegrating disk state containing constant surface area at various temperatures and rotating velocities. The dissolution characteristics of furosemide from pure furosemide disks and 1:2(w/w) furosemide-PVP coprecipitate disks were in accordance with Noyes-Nernst equation and the rate constant of dissolution was proportional to the square root of rotating velocity of the disks. The intrinsic rate of dissoluton at 150 rpm, 37.deg.C was $2.21{\times}10^{-7}$ for the PVP 10, 000 COPRECIPITATE, $1.64{\times}10^{-7}$ for the PVP 40, 000 coprecipitate, and$ 1.44 {\times} 10^{-7}$for the PVP 360, 000 corprecipitate, while the rate was $1.27{\times}10^{-8}M/cm^{2} min$ for pure furosemide, repectively. The activation energy of dissolution was about 17, 000 for furosemide and about 7, 300 cal/mole for the 1:2 furosemide PVP 40, 000 coprecipitate, respectively.

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Effects of Sorghum Tannins, a Tannin Binder (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) and Sorghum Inclusion Level on the Performance of Broiler Chicks

  • Ambula, M.K.;Oduho, G.W.;Tuitoek, J.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제14권9호
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    • pp.1276-1281
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    • 2001
  • The feeding values of four indigenous Kenyan sorghum cultivars and the effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the utilization of high tannin sorghum by broiler chicks were studied in two 3-week feeding trials. In Experiment 1, one hundred and five broiler chicks (initial average weight 97 g) were randomly assigned to each one of the seven grain-soybean meal diets. The diets consisted of maize [diet 1; no assayable tannin], white sorghum [diet 2; 0.59% catechin equivalents (CE)], cream sorghum [diet 3; 0.94% CE], light brown sorghum [diet 4; 2.71% CE] and dark brown sorghum [diet 5; 3.54% CE]. Diets 6 and 7 were included to test the possibility of overcoming the detrimental effects of sorghum tannins by adding PVP at 0.25% and 0.5% to dark brown sorghum, which resulted in dietary tannin levels of 3.46% and 3.38% CE respectively. In Experiment 2, the effects of tannin on dry matter digestibility (DMD) and nitrogen (N) retention were studied in a 3-week substitution assay in which high tannin sorghum (5% CE) was substituted for white maize at different inclusion levels. Ninety broiler chicks aged 7 days (initial average weight 102 g) were randomly assigned to each one of the six diets. The diets consisted of corn gluten meal and fishmeal as protein sources plus maize [diet 1] and high tannin sorghum at different inclusion levels [diets 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6], resulting in dietary tannin levels of 0, 1.25%, 1.66%, 2.08%, 2.5% and 3.2% CE respectively. Feed intake, feed efficiency and body weight gain were measured weekly. In Experiment 2, tannin absorption, DMD and N retention were measured on days 19, 20 and 21. The results of Experiment 1 showed that feed intake, feed efficiency and body weight gain were all affected by treatment (p<0.05). Diets 1, 2 and 3 gave similar body weight gains and all were better than diets 4 and 5 (i.e. 504, 517, 473 g, vs. 256, 267 g). Similarly, feed efficiencies were higher (p<0.05) for diets 1, 2 and 3 compared to diets 4 and 5 (0.4, 0.42, 0.39 vs. 0.21, 0.23). When 0.25% PVP was added to the dark brown sorghum (diet 6) there was no significant improvement in chick performance (p>0.05). However, addition of 0.5% PVP (diet 7) resulted in significant improvement (p<0.05) in body weight gain compared to the untreated dark brown sorghum. Overall, PVP did not completely overcome the deleterious effects of tannins. The results of Experiment 2 indicate that sorghum inclusion level and subsequent tannin level had no effect on feed intake, feed efficiency, weight gain, DMD and N retention. The above results suggest that tannin level should be limited to below 2.71% CE in broiler chick diets containing 20% CP and 0.4% methionine. However, in diets with 23% CP and 0.8% methionine tannin level of up to 3.2% will not affect performance. Consequently high tannin sorghum (5% CE) can be used to substitute for white maize by up to 100% in broiler chick diets.

Fabrication of CuZn Nanofibers by Electrospinning Method

  • 최아롬;박주연;정은강;강용철
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.374.1-374.1
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    • 2016
  • Copper and zinc are well known elements with antibacterial effect. So in this research, Cu and Zn (CZ) nanofibers (NFs) were fabricated by electrospinning method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for adjusting viscosity. The CZ/PVP precursor solutions were prepared with copper sulfate pentahydrate, and zinc acetate dihydrate. Distilled water was used for solvent and PVP was used to regulate the viscosity of precursor solution. The CZ/PVP NF composites were obtained by electrospinning method using the precursor solution. The average diameter of obtained CZ/PVP NFs was determined by optical microscopy using Motic image plus 2.0 program and was found to be 490 nm. The chemical environment of the obtained CZ/PVP NF composites was investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After heating the obtained CZ/PVP NF composites at 353 K, the solvent was removed. The characteristic C 1s, Cu 2p, and Zn 2p core level XPS peaks were observed. After calcination the CZ/PVP NF composites at 873 K in Ar environment for 5 hrs, PVP was decomposed at this temperature and CZ NF was obtained. This was confirmed by decreasing the intensity of C 1s.

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Preparation of Ag/PVP Nanocomposites as a Solid Precursor for Silver Nanocolloids Solution

  • Hong, Hyun-Ki;Park, Chan-Kyo;Gong, Myoung-Seon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제31권5호
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    • pp.1252-1256
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    • 2010
  • A polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/Ag nanocomposites was prepared by the simultaneous thermal reduction and radical polymerization route. The in situ synthesis of the Ag/PVP nanocomposites is based on the finding that the silver n-propylcarbamate (Ag-PCB) complex can be directly dissolved in the NVP monomer, and decomposed by only heat treatment in the range of 110 to $130^{\circ}C$ to form silver metal. Silver nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution (5 - 40 nm) were obtained, which were well dispersed in the PVP matrix. A successful synthesis of Ag/PVP nanocomposites then proceeded upon heat treatment as low as $110^{\circ}C$. Moreover, important advantages of the in situ synthesis of Ag/PVP composites include that no additives (e.g. solvent, surface-active agent, or reductant of metallic ions) are used, and that the stable silver nanocolloid solution can be directly prepared in high concentration simply by dissolving the Ag/PVP nanocomposites in water or organic solvent.

Morphology control in PVDF membranes using PEG/PVP additives and mixed solvents

  • Rajabi, Shima;Khodadadi, Foroogh;Mohammadi, Toraj;Tavakolmoghadam, Maryam;Rekabdar, Fatemeh
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.237-245
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    • 2020
  • The effects of the mixed two solvents, Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and Dimethylformamide (DMF), and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as additives on performance of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were studied. Initially, PEG200 was used as a primary additive at fixed percentage of 5% wt. PVP was then blended with PEG200 in different concentrations. PVDF and DMAc were used as polymer and solvent in the casting solutions, respectively. To control the diffusion rate of PVP in the presence of PEG200 and PVP blend, mixtures of DMAc and DMF were used as the mixed solvent in the casting solutions. Asymmetric PVDF membranes were prepared via phase inversion process in a water bath and the effects of two additives and two solvents on the membrane morphology, pure water flux (PWF), hydrophilicity and rejection (R) were investigated. Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (ATR-FTIR) analysis was used to show the residual PVP on the surface of the membranes. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was utilized to determine roughness of membrane surface. The use of mixed solvents in the casting solution resulted in reduction of PVP diffusion rate and increment of PEG diffusion rate. Eventually, PWF and R values reduced, while porosity and hydrophilicity increased.

폴리비닐피롤리돈 첨가제를 이용한 폴리설폰막의 제조 및 특성 분석 (Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone Membranes Using PVP as an Additive)

  • 이진영;이근우;한명진;박소진
    • 공업화학
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.277-285
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    • 2011
  • 상전환법을 이용하여 폴리설폰, n-메틸피롤리돈과 폴리비닐피롤리돈으로 이루어진 제막용액으로부터 고분자 분리막이 제조되었다. 폴리비닐피롤리돈은 폴리설폰에 대한 고분자 첨가제로서 제막용액에 첨가되었으며, 침지용 비용매로는 물이 사용되었다. 첨가된 폴리비닐피롤리돈은 제막용액의 열역학적 상분리를 촉진하는 역할을 할 수 있음을 보였으며, 유동성을 급격히 감소시키는 특성을 보였다. 제조된 막들은 전형적인 비대칭성 구조를 보이며, 첨가제 없는 경우와 비교하였을 때 폴리비닐피롤리돈 함량이 5 wt%가 첨가된 경우 모두 손가락 기공이 약간 더 크게 나타났으며, 10 wt% 이상에서 손가락 기공의 크기가 줄고 표면 고분자 알갱이층의 두께가 뚜렷하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 동일한 폴리비닐피롤리돈 함량에서는 폴리설폰의 함량이 높을수록 손가락 기공의 형성이 시작되는 곳이 표면으로부터 멀리 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 표면기공도는 고분자 첨가제를 포함하지 않고 제조된 막의 경우 폴리설폰 함량이 낮을수록 기공도가 크게 나타났다. 폴리설폰 함량이 같을 때 물투과도는 폴리비닐피롤리돈의 함량 증가에 따라 선형으로 변하지 않고 변곡특성을 보였다. 폴리설폰 함량 12 wt%에서 최대 물투과도는 폴리비닐피롤리돈 5 wt%이었을 때 나타났으나, 폴리설폰 함량이 18 wt%이었을 때 최대 투과도는 폴리비닐피롤리돈 함량이 15 wt%일 때 나타났다.