• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1843-1850
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• 2014

PS-D2EHPA beads were prepared by immobilizing di-2-ethylhexyl-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) with polysulfone (PSf). The removal experiments of Cu(II) and Pb(II) by the prepared PS-D2EHPA beads were conducted batchwise. The removal efficiency of Cu(II) and Pb(II) by PS-D2EHPA beads was increased with increasing pH of solution. The removal rate of Cu(II) and Pb(II) was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The maximum removal capacity of Cu(II) and Pb(II) obtained from Langmuir isotherm were 2.58 mg/g and 12.63 mg/g, respectively. External mass transfer coefficients for the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) by PS-D2EHPA beads were obtained $0.61{\times}10^{-2}{\sim}5.87{\times}10^{-2}/min$ and $1.55{\times}10^{-2}{\sim}8.53{\times}10^{-2}/min$, respectively and diffusion coefficients were obtained $1.32{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}3.98{\times}10^{-4}cm^2/min$ and $1.80{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}2.28{\times}10^{-4}cm^2/min$, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The solid-phase extractant PS-D2EHPA/TBP was prepared by immobilizing two extractants D2EHPA and TBP in polysulfone (PS). The prepared PS-D2EHPA/TBP was characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution was investigated in batch system. The experiment data were obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Equilibrium data were well fitted by Langmuir model and the removal capacity of Cu(II) by solid extractant PS-D2EHPA/TBP obtained from Langmuir model was 3.11 mg/g at 288 K. The removal capacity of Cu(II) was increased according to increasing pH from 2 to 6, but the removal capacity was decreased below pH 3 remarkably.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2015

The feasibility of PS-D2EHPA/TBP beads prepared by immobilizing two extractants D2EHPA and TBP in polysulfone to remove Sr(II) from aqueous solution was investigated in batch system. Batch experiments were carried out to study equilibrium isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. Equilibrium data were fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, and Dubinin-Radushkevich equation models at temperatures of 298 K, 313 K, and 328 K. The removal capacity of Sr(II) by PS-D2EHPA/TBP beads obtained from Langmuir model was 2.41 mg/g at 298 K. The experimental data were well represented by pseudo-second-order model. The removal process of Sr(II) by PS-D2EHPA/TBP beads prepared in this study was found to be feasible, endothermic, and spontaneous.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1485-1491
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• 2016

PSf/D2EHPA/CNT beads were prepared by immobilizing di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) on polysulfone (PSf) and used to remove Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Optimum pH was in the range of 4 to 6. The removal kinetic of Cu(II) by the prepared PSf/D2EHPA/CNT beads was mainly governed by internal diffusion, and the diffusion coefficient of Cu(II) by PSf/D2EHPA/CNT beads was found to be $2.19{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}2.64{\times}10^{-4}cm^2/s$. The Langmuir isotherm model predicted the experimented data well. The maximum removal capacity of Cu(II) obtained from this isotherm was 7.32 mg/g. Calculated thermodynamic parameters such as ${\Delta}G^o$, ${\Delta}H^o$ and ${\Delta}S^o$ showed that the adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto PSf/D2EHPA/CNT beads was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic at 293-323 K.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.477-493
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• 2016

Immediate use of activated carbon incorporated polysulfone membrane application for dye separation was reported in this work. Dimethylformamide (DMF) was used as the solvent for the membrane preparation. The membrane thus prepared were characterized in terms of surface morphology, ATR-FTIR, AFM, experimental results as membrane performance. The resultant nanofiltration (NF) membranes were tested with Congo red dye concentration 200 mg/L. The water permeability was found to be considerably higher than that reported in literature. Experimental results show that the real rejection of the Congo red is 99.57% over the transmembrane pressure 100 psi using 30% activated carbon incorporated membrane. Prepared NF membranes shows the corresponding permeates fluxes were $40Lm^{-2}h^{-1}$ to $82Lm^{-2}h^{-1}$ with different activated carbon percentage incorporated in polysulfone membrane. The present study demonstrated that dye rejection enhanced NF may be a feasible method for the dye wastewater treatment. The overall observations thus indicated that toxic residual dyes can be appreciably separated from the membrane technology, provided that the accompanying polymeric membrane, activated carbon as binding agents and the process parameter levels are astutely selected.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2003

Poly(ether ether ketone)(PEEK) was sulfonated using sulfuric acid and blended with polysulfone with various ratios. The blended polymer electrolyte membranes were characterized in terms of methanol permeability, proton conductivity and ion exchange capacity. As the amount of sulfonated PEEK increased, both methanol permeability and proton conductivity increased. This was due to the increase of ion exchange capacity. The experimental results indicated that the blend membrane with 20% polysulfone was the best choice In terms of the ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2013

Laboratory scale experiments to remove benzene in solution by using the bio-carrier composed of dead biomass have been performed. The immobilized bio-carrier with dead Bacillus drentensis sp. and polysulfone was manufactured as the biosorbent. Batch sorption experiments were performed with bio-carriers having various quantities of biomass and then, their removal efficiencies and uptake capacities were calculated. From results of batch experiments, 98.0% of the initial benzene (1 mg/L) in 1 liter of solution was removed by using 40 g of immobilized bio-carrier containing 5% biomass within 1 hour and the biosorption reaction reached in equilibrium within 2 hours. Benzene removal efficiency slightly increased (99.0 to $99.4%{\pm}0.05$) as the temperature increased from 15 to $35^{\circ}C$, suggesting that the temperature rarely affects on the removal efficiency of the bio-carrier. The removal efficiency changed under the different initial benzene concentration in solution and benzene removal efficiency of the bio-carrier increased with the increase of the initial benzene concentration (0.001 to 10 mg/L). More than 99.0% of benzene was removed from solution when the initial benzene concentration ranged from 1 to 10 mg/L. From results of fitting process for batch experimental data to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, the removal isotherms of benzene were more well fitted to Freundlich model ($r^2$=0.9242) rather than Langmuir model ($r^2$=0.7453). From the column experiment, the benzene removal efficiency maintained over 99.0% until 420 pore volumes of benzene solution (initial benzene concentration: 1 mg/L) were injected in the column packed with bio-carriers, investigating that the immobilized carrier containing Bacillus drentensis sp. and polysulfone is the outstanding biosorbent to remove benzene in solution.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.264-269
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• 2018

PSf/D2EHPA/TBP/CNTs beads were prepared by immobilizing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and two extractants, di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) on polysulfone (PSf). The prepared PSf/D2EHPA/TBP/CNTs beads were characterized by SEM, TGA, and FTIR. The removal rate of Sr(II) by PSf/D2EHPA/TBP/CNTs beads was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The maximum removal capacity of Sr(II) obtained from Langmuir isotherm was found to be 5.52 mg/g. The results showed that the removal efficiency of Sr(II) by PSf/D2EHPA/CNTs beads prepared in this study was significantly improved compared to that of using PSf/D2EHPA/CNTs beads without TBP.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.854-860
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• 2017

PSf/D2EHPA/CNTs beads were prepared by immobilizing extractant di-(2-ethylhexyl)- phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and adsorbent carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on polysulfone (PSf), and the adsorption characteristics of Sr(II) on the beads were studied. The morphological characteristics of the prepared PSf/D2EHPA/CNTs beads were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The equilibrium time for the removal of Sr(II) by PSf/D2EHPA/CNTs beads was 60 min. The experimental kinetic data followed pseudo-second-order model more than pseudo-first-order kinetics model. The maximum removal capacity of Sr(II) obtained from Langmuir isotherm was 4.75 mg/g. The removal efficiencies of Sr (II) by PSf/D2EHPA/CNTs beads were improved 2.5 times by adding the adsorbent CNTs more than by using only the extractant D2EHPA.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2014

In this study, PSf-$Al(OH)_3$ beads were prepared by immobilizating aluminum hydroxide $Al(OH)_3$ with polysulfone (PSf). The removal experiments of the fluoride ions by PSf-$Al(OH)_3$ beads were conducted batchwise and the parameters such as pH, initial fluoride concentration, and coexisting ions were investigated. The maximum removal capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm was 52.4 mg/g and the optimum pH region of fluoride ions was in the range of 4 to 10. The removal process of fluoride ions by PSf-$Al(OH)_3$ beads was found to be controlled by both external mass transfer at the earlier stage followed by internal diffusion at the later stage. The presence of coexisting anions such as $HCO_3{^-}$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, $NO_3{^-}$, and $Cl^-$ had a negative effect on removal of fluoride ions by PSf-$Al(OH)_3$ beads.