• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.507-511
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• 2019

고분자전해질 연료전지(PEMFC)의 고분자막 내구성을 평가하는데 수소투과도가 많이 사용되고 있다. 수소투과도를 쉽게 측정하는 방법으로 선형 주사 전압 측정법(Linear Sweep Voltammetry, LSV)이 주로 사용된다. 연구자마다 LSV 측정 방법에 차이가 있어 연구 결과를 비교하기가 어려울 때가 많다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 측정하기 어렵지만 정확한 값이라고 할 수 있는 기체 크로마토그래프에 의한 수소투과도와 DOE와 NEDO의 LSV 방법을 비교하여 정확성을 확인하고자 하였다. 온도와 상대습도를 변화시키며 수소투과도를 측정해 비교했을 때, DOE LSV 방법이 GC 방법과 비교해 오차 범위 5%이하의 정확성을 보였다. NEDO LSV 방법은 DOE방법과 같이 0.3V의 전류 값으로 수소투과전류밀도를 결정했을 때 오차는 감소하였다.

• 청정기술
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2007

초임계함침법을 이용하여 백금을 나피온 112 막에 함침시켜 자가 가습 막을 제조하였다. 초임계이산화탄소를 용매로 하여 나피온112 막에 $Pt(II)(acac)_2$를 $80^{\circ}C$, 19.8 MPa 조건에서 함침한 후, $NaBH_4$ 용액을 사용하여 $50^{\circ}C$ 에서 2시간 동안의 환원과정을 통하여 Pt 입자로 환원시켜 PEMFC용 백금/나피온 자가-가습 전해질막을 제조하였다. 제조한 백금/나피온 막들을 SEM, EDS, EPMA 등의 분석을 통하여 백금 입자들이 균일하게 분산되어 함침되었음을 확인하였다. 제작한 백금/나피온 막을 무가습 조건에서 구동되는 고분자 전해질 연료전지(PEMFC)의 전해질로 적용하였을 때 $65^{\circ}C$ 구동온도에서 일반적인 나피온 112를 전해질로 사용한 경우보다 향상된 성능을 보였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.403-409
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• 2008

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is very interesting power source due to high power density, simple construction and operation at low temperature. But it has problems such as high cost, improvement of performance, effect of temperature and initial start at low temperature. These problems can be approached to be solved by using experiment and mathematical method which are general principles for analysis and optimization of control system for heat and hydrogen detecting management. In this paper, insulation vessel and control system for stable operation of fuel cell at low temperature were developed for experiment. The constant temperature capability and the heating time at sub-zero temperatures with insulation control system were studied by using a heating bar of 60W class. PEMFC stack which was made by 4 cells with $50\;mc^2$ active area in each cell is a thermal source. Times which take to reach constant temperature by the state of insulation vacuum were measured at variable environment temperatures. The test was performed at two conditions: heating mode and cooling mode. Constant temperature capability was better at lower environment temperature and vacuum pressure. The results of this experiment could be used as basis data about stable operation of fuel cell stack in low temperature zone.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2020

Alcohol-based solvents including ethanol (EtOH) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) are investigated instead of isopropanol (IPA), which is a common solvent for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), as an alternative solvent for preparing the catalyst slurry with PTFE binder. As a result, the performance at 0.2 A/㎠ from the single cells from using catalyst slurries based on EtOH and TBA showed very similar value to that from the slurry using IPA, which implies the EtOH and TBA can be used as a solvent for the catalyst slurry. It is also confirmed by the very close values of the total resistance of the membrane electrode assemblies from the slurries using different solvents. In the energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) image, the shape of crack and dispersion of PTFE are changed according to the vapor pressure of the solvent.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.87.1-87.1
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• 2011

For commercial applications, MEA development must be optimized in order to achieve high performance and low cost. There are many factors that affect the performance of MEA. Especially, the optimization of the method for preparing catalyst layer has great effect on the performance of MEA. Various methods have been used to prepare the catalyst layer of MEA. Among them, spraying method has a merit in that catalysis lay can be prepared with very flexible changes in catalyst layer as well as in the solvent composition of catalyst ink. In addition, in order to reduce the time required for manufacturing catalyst layer, an effort has been made to change the nozzle size and injection pressure of spray system. Further, the operation condition of spray system was changed in various ways in an effort to prepare optimum catalyst layer of MEA. Having optimized the operation condition of spraying system, comprehensive and diverse experiments were carried out concerning various factors that affect the performance of MEA. The present research report describes the results of more sub-categorized and more detailed experiments about the important factors (Nafion$^{(R)}$ ionomer, Relative humidity) which have been shown in previous experiments to exert greater effect on the performance of MEA.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.316-319
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• 2006

There is a worldwide interest in the development and commercialization of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) for vehicular and stationary applications. One of the major objectives is the reduction of loaded electrode materials, which is comprise of the Pt-based noble metals. In this paper, a novel chemical strategy is described for the preparation and characterization of carbon-supported and surface-alloys, which were prepared by using a successive reduction process. After preparing Au colloid nanoparticles, the deposition of Au colloid nanoparticles occurred spontaneously in the carbon black-dispersed aqueous solution. Then nano-scaled active materials were formed on the surface of carbon-supported Au nanoparticles. The structural and electrochemical analyses indicate that the active materials were deposited on the surface of Au nanoparticles selectively and that an at toying process occurred during the successive reducing process The carbon-supported & surface-alloys showed the higher electrocatalytic activity than those of the particle-alloys and commercial one (Johnson-Matthey) for the reaction of methanol and formic acid oxidation. The increased electrocatalytic activity might be attributed to the effective surface structure of surface-alloys, which have a high utilization of active materials for the surface reaction of electrode.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2006

There is a worldwide interest in the development and commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells [PEMFCs] for vehicular and stationary applications. One of the major objectives is the reduction of loaded electrode materials, which is comprise of the Pt-based noble metals. In this paper, a novel chemical strategy is described for the preparation and characterization of carbon-supported and surface-alloys, which were prepared by using a successive reduction process. After preparing Au colloid nanoparticles, the supporting of Au colloid nanoparticles occurred spontaneously in the carbon black-dispersed aqueous solution. Then nano-scaled active materials were formed on the surface of carbon-supported Au nanoparticles. The structural and electrochemical analyses indicate that the active materials were deposited on the surface of Au nanoparticles selectively and that an alloying process occurred during the successive reducing process. The carbon-supported & surface-alloys showed the higher electrocatalytic activity than those of the particle-alloys and commercial one [Johnson-Matthey] for the reaction of methanol and formic acid oxidation. The increased electrocatalytic activity might be attributed to the effective surface structure of surface-alloys, which have a high utilization of active materials for the surface reaction of electrode.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2011

PEMFC (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell) is device that generates electricity from hydrogen. It is one of the subjects related to renewable energy and various research has been conducted on the PEMFC. PEMFC has low operating temperature and high efficiency among fuel cells, and is given attention as means for automobile and domestic use. Analysis of flow field pattern in supplying hydrogen and oxygen is part of the research to increase PEMFC efficiency. In this study, separation plate currently used in PEMFC is transformed to wave shape and mass transfer characteristics in the channel is examined through numerical and experimental analysis. Wave shape separation plate yielded 18% increase of efficiency compared to separation plate used in normal channel. And improvements in mass transfer characteristics were verified.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2012

The serpentine flow channel is widely used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to prevent flooding phenomena because it effectively removes liquid water in the flow channel. The pressure drop between inlet and outlet increases as compared with straight channels due to minor losses associated with the corners of the turning configurations. This results in a strong pressure gradient between adjacent channels in specific regions, where some amount of reactant gas can be delivered to catalyst layers by convection through a gas diffusion layer (GDL). The enhancement of the convective flow in the GDL, so-called bypass flow, affects fuel cell performance since the bypass flow influences the reactant transport and thus its concentration over the active area. In the present paper, for the bipolar plate design, a simple analytic model has been proposed to predict the bypass flow in the serpentine type flow channels and validated with three-dimensional numerical simulation results.

• 멤브레인
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2008

폴리스티렌-폴리히드록시에틸 아크릴레이트(PS-b-PHEA) 디블록 공중합체와 폴리비닐알콜(PVA)을 1 : 1 무게비로 블렌딩하여 수소 이온 전도성 가교형 고분자 전해질막을 개발하였다. 특히 술포석시닉산(SA)를 사용하여 디블록 공중합체의 PHEA 블록과 PVA와 가교반응을 시켰고, 이를 FT-IR 분광법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이온교환능(IEC)은 SA 함량이 증가함에 따라 계속하여 증가하여 0.95 meq/g까지 도달하였고, 이는 전해질막에 이온 그룹수가 증가하기 때문이다. 하지만, 함수율은 SA 함량이 20 wt%까지는 증가하다 그 이상에서는 감소하였다. 또한 수소 이온 전도도도 SA 함량에 따라 증가하여 20 wt% SA농도에서 0.024 S/cm의 최대값을 나타내었다. 함수율과 수소이온전도도의 이러한 경향은 SA 함량이 증가함에 따라 이온 그룹의 수가 증가하는 효과와 가교가 증가하는 효과가 서로 경쟁적으로 일어나기 때문으로 생각된다.