• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제23권9호
• /
• pp.517-524
• /
• 2013

The electrical and optical properties of fluorine-doped tin oxide films grown on polyethylene terephthalate film with a hardness of 3 using electron cyclotron resonance plasma with linear microwave of 2.45 GHz of high ionization energy were investigated. Fluorine-doped tin oxide films with a magnetic field of 875 Gauss and the highest resistance uniformity were obtained. In particular, the magnetic field could be controlled by varying the distribution in electron cyclotron deposition positions. The films were deposited at various gas flow rates of hydrogen and carrier gas of an organometallic source. The surface morphology, electrical resistivity, transmittance, and color in the visible range of the deposited film were examined using SEM, a four-point probe instrument, and a spectrophotometer. The electromagnetic field for electron cyclotron resonance condition was uniformly formed in at a position 16 cm from the center along the Z-axis. The plasma spatial distribution of magnetic current on the roll substrate surface in the film was considerably affected by the electron cyclotron systems. The relative resistance uniformity of electrical properties was obtained in film prepared with a magnetic field in the current range of 180~200A. SEM images showing the surface morphologies of a film deposited on PET with a width of 50 cm revealed that the grains were uniformly distributed with sizes in the range of 2~7 nm. In our experimental range, the electrical resistivity of film was able to observe from $1.0{\times}10^{-2}$ to $1.0{\times}10^{-1}{\Omega}cm$ where optical transmittance at 550 nm was 87~89 %. These properties were depended on the flow rate of the gas, hydrogen and carrier gas of the organometallic source, respectively.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.249-255
• /
• 1990

Thin layer chromatography를 사용하여 음이온성 및 비이온성 계면활성제의 신속한 분리 및 정성분석에 필요한 용매조건들을 조사하였다. 알킬사슬의 종류와 alkylene oxide의 분포에 따른 분리특성을 이용하여 polyoxyalkylene 계 비이온성 계면활성제들을 간단히 정성 분석 할 수 있었으며, densitometer를 사용하여 polyoxyethylenated nonyl phenol의 ethylene oxide(EO)에 따른 분포를 쉽게 비교할 수 있었다. 일련의 음이온성 계면활성제들을 $R_f$ 값과 발색되는 색으로 정성분석하였으며, 음이온성 및 비이온성 계면활성제 혼합물을 각각 분리하였다. 지방산계 계면활성제를 diester, monoester 및 미반응된 polyethylene glycol의 세 부분으로 농축 분리하여 그 혼합비율을 구하였다. 이상의 모든 실험은 전개용매를 80mm정도 전개시킨 상태에서 이루어졌고 분리에 걸린 시간은 13-20분 정도였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.168-171
• /
• 2013

A reflective flexible display was fabricated by placing a thermochromic pigment on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrate coated with an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, and its thermo-optical characteristics were investigated. The reflective thermochromic display showed good image quality with a reflectance of approximately 65%. As a flexible display, the display showed reliability without damage to the image even after the display was bent strongly. The reflective display cell exhibits continuously the gray level according to the temperature controlled by applied voltage. This low cost display is expected be used in outdoor poster applications where information needs to be presented clearly.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.179.1-179.1
• /
• 2015

Thickness-dependent electrical, structural, and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates were investigated in the very thin thickness range of 20 to 120 nm. A very unusual transition phenomenon, in which electrical resistance increases with an increase in film thickness, was observed. From structural and compositional analyses, this transition behavior was explained to arise from metallic Zn agglomerates dispersed in non-crystalline Zn-O matrix. It was unveiled that film thickness more than 80 nm is required for the development of hexagonal crystal structure of ZnO. ZnO films on PET substrates exhibited high optical transmittance and good mechanical flexibility in the thickness range. The results of this study would provide a valuable guideline for the design of ZnO thin films on organic substrates for practical applications.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.122-125
• /
• 2004

ITO films were deposited on polyethylene terephthalate substrate by a dc reactive magnetron sputtering using rf bias without substrate heater and post-deposition thermal treatment. The dependency of rf substrate bias on plasma sputter processing was investigated to control energetic particles and improve ITO film properties. The substrate was applied negative rf bias voltage from 0 to -80 V. The composition of indium, tin, and oxygen atoms is strongly depended on the rf substrate bias. Oxygen deficiency is the highest at rf bias of -20 V. The electrical and optical properties of ITO films also are dominated obviously by negative rf bias.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.282-285
• /
• 2002

In this paper, we report a modified technique for the production of oriented continuous nanofibers instead of non-woven mats using a rapidly rotating collection device. We are interested in retaining physical properties such as electrical conductivity of fiber bundles in their axial direction. The experiments were performed using polyethylene oxide (PEO) and its blend with polyaniline (PANI). According to the results, a typical fiber with a uniform diameter of about 100 nanometer was produced. The fibers from the PEO/ CHCl$_3$ solution show high crystallinity and good orientation whereas the fibers from the blend solution of PEO/PANI/m-cresol and CHCl$_3$ show no preferred orientation. However, the fibers of the blend exhibit high electrical conductivity of 33 S/cm for a fiber bundle at a PANI level of 50 %.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.249-249
• /
• 2012

최근 주목받고 있는 Flexible Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display에서는 Flexible 특성이 요구된다. 이는 현재 쓰이는 유리기판 대신 플라스틱기판으로 만들어야 가능하다. 하지만 플라스틱기판은 구성물질로 유기물을 사용하므로 수분과 산소의 투과에 매우 취약하다. 이는 장시간 사용 시 기판 위에 제작된 소자성능저하를 야기하는 등의 소자 신뢰도에 치명적 결함을 갖게 하는 원인이 된다. 따라서 기판 위의 소자를 보호할 수 있는 봉지기술 개발이 필요한데 가장 잘 알려진 플라스틱 기판에 적합한 Barrier기술로 유기물과 무기물을 교대로 적층하는 기술[1] 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 PE-CVD 공정기술을 이용한 Flowable Oxide 박막과 ALD 공정기술을 이용한 Al2O3 무기물 박막을 적층하여 봉지박막을 구성하려 한다. Flowable Oxide는 저온공정이 가능하며 높은 증착속도와 뛰어난 Gap fill 특성을 가지고 있는데 이는 플라스틱기판의 엉성한 분자구조를 치밀하게 만들 것으로 예상되며 표면의 Pin-hole 또한 쉽게 채우는 특성이 있다. 실험은 Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN) film 위에 PE-CVD 공정을 이용하여 Flowable Oxide를 증착하고, 그 후에 ALD 공정을 이용하여 Al2O3을 적층한 것을 하나의 샘플로 하였다. 샘플의 분석은 Ca test를 이용한 Water Vapor Transmission rate(WVTR)과 FT-IR, FE-SEM을 이용하여 분석하였다. FT-IR로 박막의 구성요소를 확인 하고 FE-SEM으로 박막의 Cross section image를 얻을 수 있었으며 또한 $4.85{\times}10^{-5}g/m^2$ day의 초기 WVTR 값을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.389.2-389.2
• /
• 2016

The flexible solid state device has been widely studied as portable and wearable device applications such as display, sensor and curved circuits. A zero-bias operation without any external power consumption is a highly-demanding feature of semiconductor devices, including optical communication, environment monitoring and digital imaging applications. Moreover, the flexibility of device would give the degree of freedom of transparent electronics. Functional and transparent abrupt p/n junction device has been realized by combining of p-type NiO and n-type ZnO metal oxide semiconductors. The use of a plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film substrate spontaneously allows the flexible feature of the devices. The functional design of p-NiO/n-ZnO metal oxide device provides a high rectifying ratio of 189 to ensure the quality junction quality. This all transparent metal oxide device can be operated without external power supply. The flexible p-NiO/n-ZnO device exhibit substantial photodetection performances of quick response time of $68{\mu}s$. We may suggest an efficient design scheme of flexible and functional metal oxide-based transparent electronics.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.1799-1805
• /
• 2014

In this article, we described about the preparation and electrochemical properties of a flexible energy storage system based on a plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The PET treated with UV/ozone was fabricated with multilayer films composed of 30 polyaniline (PANi)/graphene oxide (GO) bilayers using layer-by-layer assembly of positively charged PANi and negatively charged GO. The conversion of GO to the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) in the multilayer film was achieved using hydroiodic acid vapor at $100^{\circ}C$, whereby PANi structure remained nearly unchanged except a little reduction of doping state. Cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge curves of 30 PANi/RGO bilayers on PET substrate (shorten to PANi-$RGO_{30}$/PET) exhibited an excellent volumetric capacitance, good cycling stability, and rapid charge/discharge rates despite no use of any metal current collectors. The specific capacitance from charge/discharge curve of the PANi-$RGO_{30}$/PET electrode was found to be $529F/cm^3$ at a current density of $3A/cm^3$, which is one of the best values yet achieved among carbon-based materials including conducting polymers. Furthermore, the intrinsic electrical resistance of the PANi-$RGO_{30}$/PET electrodes varied within 20% range during 200 bending cycles at a fixed bend radius of 2.2 mm, indicating the increase in their flexibility by a factor of 225 compared with the ITO/PET electrode.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 1994

Chlorosulfonated polyethylene(CSM)은 수지의 toughness modifier로서 사용할 수 있다. CSM는 산소와 오존에 대해서 저항성이 클 뿐 아니라 가교 가능한 기능기인 sulfonyl chloride를 가졌기 때문에 금속 산화물에 의해 가교 될 수 있다. Polyvlnylchloride(PVC)는 물성이 좋을 뿐 아니라 값이 싼 plastic이기 때문에 널리 사용되는 범용수지이나 저온에서 충격강도가 약하고 빛과 산소 그리고 오존에 의해서 분해되어 물성을 떨어뜨리는 결점이 있다. 이런 결점을 개선하고저 PVC/CSM블렌드를 연구하였다. CSM함량 10~30%에서 현저한 toughening효과를 나타내었다. CSM을 블렌드함으로써 PVC의 내후성, 내오존성 및 기계적 성질이 개선되었으며 toughening효과를 SEM을 통하여 관찰하고 확인하였다.