• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2010

Research on permeable pavement like asphalt and concrete pavement with porous structure has been increasing due to environmental and functional need such as reduction of run off and flood. This study was performed to evaluate void ratio, permeability coefficient, and compressive strength of permeable polymer concrete (PPC) using crushed and recycled coarse aggregate that is obtained from waste concrete. Also, 6 mm length of polypropylene fiber was used to increase toughness and interlocking between aggregate and aggregate surrounded by binder. Binder and filler used were unsaturated polyester resin and CaCO3, respectively. The mix proportions were determined to satisfy the requirement for the workability and slump according to aggregate sizes 5~10 mm. In the test results, regardless of kinds of aggregates and fiber contents, the void ratio, permeability coefficient and compressive strength of all types of PPC showed the higher than the criterion of porous concrete that is used in permeable pavement in Korea. Also, strengths of PPC with increase polypropylene fiber volume fraction showed slightly increased tendency due to increase binder with increase of fiber volume fraction. Accordingly, polypropylene fiber and recycled coarse aggregate can be used for permeable pavement.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.472-478
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 FRP의 파괴인성평가를 위한 기초적인 자료를 얻기 위하여 FRP 중에서도 널리 사용되고 있는 SMC재를 준비하고 3점 굽힘시험을 실시하여 노치선단에서의 손상거동 및 균열진전저항유선으로부터 안정파괴개시점을 검토하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1237-1245
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• 2012

The effect of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of PET fabric on the detergency of particulate soil were investigated as functions of the concentration of hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemicals, surfactant concentration, ionic strength, adhesion and removal time, and pH. The detergency of the particulate soil was determined by the adhesion of particles to and their removal from fabric, the PET fabric and ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ were used as textile materials and for the model of particulate soil, respectively. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic finish for PET fabric was treated with a polyester, silicone and fluorine organic compound of resin respectively. The adhesion of particulate soil to fabric treated with hydrophobic chemicals were slightly higher but its removal from fabric treated with hydrophobic chemicals was largely higher than fabric treated with a hydrophilic chemical regardless of solution conditions such as the concentration of hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemicals, surfactant concentration, ionic strength, adhesion and removal time, and pH. Therefore, hydrophobic treatment for fabric had a more positive effect than the hydrophilic treatment on the detergency of particulate soil.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.475-487
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• 2024

The usage of fiber-reinforced polymer materials increases in the construction sector due to their advantages in terms of high mechanical strength, lightness, corrosion resistance, low density and high strength/density ratio, low maintenance and painting needs, and high workability. In this study, it is aimed to improve mechanical properties of GFRP box profiles, produced by pultrusion method, by filling the polymer concrete into them. Within the scope of study, hybrid use of polymer concrete produced with GFRP box profiles was investigated. Hybrid pressure and bending specimens were produced by filling polymer concrete (polyester resin manufactured with natural sand and stone chips) into GFRP box profiles having different cross-sections and dimensions. Behavior of the produced hybrid members was investigated under bending and compression tests. Hollow GFRP_xx profiles, polymer-filled hybrid members, and nominative polymeric concrete specimens were tested as well. The behavior of the specimens under pressure and bending tests, and their load bearing capacities, deformations and changes in toughness were observed. According to the test results; It was deduced that hybrid design has many advantages over its component materials as well as superior physical and mechanical properties.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.74-82
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• 1999

폴리 우레탄 폼 코아 샌드위치 복합재료의 정적 및 피로 특성에 대하여 연구하였다. 유리 섬유강화 스킨과 중합의 폼 코아를 갖는 비스티칭, 스티칭, 스티프너의 세 종류 시편이 사용되었다. 특히 스티칭 샌드위치 구조는 두께 방향에 대하여 폴리에스터와 유리섬유를 꼬아서 부가적인 구조 보강이 코아의 상하 표면을 통하여 꿰멘 구조로 층간분리를 최소화하기 위해 샌드위치 구조 패널을 스티칭하여 만들고 수지는 수지의 유동 온도에서 수지의 낮은 점도 특성을 이용하여 스티칭 섬유에 침투시켜 함께 경화하였다. 스티칭 섬유가 $50{\times}50{\;}mm$의 간격으로 스티칭된 시편 및 스티프너 시편의 굽힘강도는 비스티칭 시편과 비교하여 각각 50%및 10배 이상으로 향상되었다. 최대 하중의 20%크기로 $10^6$ 피로 사이클을 받은 후, 비스티칭 시편의 굽힘 피로강도는 정적 굽힘강도와 비교하여 27%까지 감소되었고, 스티칭된 시편은 39%,그리고 스티프너에 의하여 보강된 시편은 20%정도 감소되었다. 폴리우레탄 폼 코아의 에이징 효과를 입증하기 위해, 피로 시험 후 샌드위치 시편의 표면 적층의 손상은 초음파 C-scan장비를 사용하여 검출하였다. 초음파 C-scan결과로부터 피로 시험동안 손상 받은 어떤 결함도 없었다 이는 피로 사이클동안 폼 코아 샌드위치 구조에 대한 굽힘강도의 감소는 폴리우레탄 폼이 에이징되어 발생하는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2010

캔제품 중 Biphenol A diglycidyl ether(BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether(BFDGE) 및 그 분해산물인 BADGE $H_2O$, BADGE $2H_2O$, BADGE HCl, BADGE 2HCl, BADGE HCl $H_2O$, BFDGE $H_2O$, BFDGE $2H_2O$, BFDGE HCl, BFDGE 2HCl, BFDGE HCl $H_2O$ 등의 HPLC/FLD와 HPLC/APCI-MS에 의한 정성 및 정량방법을 확립하고 133개 캔 제품을 사용하여 분석방법의 재현성을 검토하였다. 수용성 식품의 경우 BADGE $2H_2O$가 13개 제품에서 0.400-0.888 mg/kg, BADGE HCl $H_2O$가 1개 제품에서 0.566 mg/kg, BFDGE $H_2O$가 3개 제품에서 0.489-0.664 mg/kg, BFDGE $2H_2O$가 3개 제품에서 0.455-0.846 mg/kg, BFDGE HCl $H_2O$가 2개 제품에서 0.455-0.752 mg/kg의 농도로 검출되었다. 지용성 식품의 경우에는 BADGE가 3개 제품에서 0.093-0.486 mg/kg, BADGE $H_2O$가 1개 제품에서 0.183 mg/kg, BADGE HCl이 1개 제품에서 0.097 mg/kg, BADGE 2HCl이 7개 제품에서 0.200-0.452 mg/kg, BFDGE가 3개 제품에서 0.438-0.506 mg/kg, BFDGE $2H_2O$가 1개 제품에서 0.295 mg/kg, BFDGE HCl 및 BFDGE 2HCl이 1개 제품에서 0.324 mg/kg의 농도로 검출되었다. 분석방법의 재현성은 우수하였고, 모니터링 결과는 EU 수준과 유사하거나 안전한 수준으로 나타났다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

본 연구는 도시하수 처리를 위한 침지형 막 분리 활성슬러지법(membrane bioreactor: MBR) 시스템에서 막 재질 및 구조가 파울링에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE), polycarbonate(PCTE) 및 polyester(PETE)의 정밀여과 막(기공크기: 0.1 $\mu$m)을 사용하였다. 120일의 운전기간 동안 PETE막 여과속도는 다른 막들에 비해 가장 빠른 감소경향을 보였으나, 화학세정을 할수록 점차 PCTE 및 PTFE막과 유사한 여과속도 감소경향을 보였다. PETE막의 유기물 제거율이 다른 막들에 비해 약간 높게 나타났으며, 이것은 막의 빠른 파울링 발생과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 반응조내 슬러지 상징액 및 막 여과수에 존재하는 DOC성분을 친수성 및 소수성으로 분획한 결과, 본 연구에서는 막의 친수성/소수성이 MBR 파울링에 미치는 영향이 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 파울링이 발생한 막들의 각종 여과저항 값을 분석한 결과, PETE막은 비가역적 파울링에 의한 영향이 다른 막들에 비하여 컸으며, 유기물 제거율에도 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.503-518
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• 2003

Statement of problem : There have been previous studies about considerable variations in machining accuracy and consistency in the implant-abutment-screw interfaces. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the machining accuracy and consistency of implant/abutment/screw combinations on two randomly selected implants from each of four manufactures. Material and methods : In this study, screws were respectively used to secure a cemented abutment, to a hexlock implant fixture ; teflon coated titanium alloy screw(Torq-Tite) and titanium alloy screw in Steri--Oss system, gold-plated gold-palladium alloy screw(Gold-Tite) and titanium alloy screw in 3i system gild screw ana titanium screw in AVANA Dental Implant system, and titanium screws in Paragon System. The implants were perpendicularly mounted in polymethyl methacrylate autopolymerizing acrylic resin block(Orthodontic resin, Densply International Inc. USA) by use of dental surveyer. Each abutment screw was secured to the implant with recommended torque value using a digital torque controller. Each screw was again tightened after 10 minutes. All samples were cross sectioned with grinder-polisher unit(Omnilap 2000 SBT Inc) after embeded in liquid unsaturated polyester (Epovia, Cray Valley Inc) Results : There were the largest gaps in the neck areas of screws in hexagonal extension implants which were examined in this study. The leading edge of the abutment screw thread (superior surface) was in contact with the implant body thread, and the majority of the contacting surfaces were localized to the middle portion of the mating threads. Considerable variation in the contacting surfaces was noted in the samples evaluated. Amounts of contact in the abutment screw thread were larger for assemblies with Gold-Tite screw, gold alloy screw. Torq-Tite screw than those with titanium screws. The findings of intimate contact between the screw and screw seat were seen in all samples, regardless of manufacturers. However, microgap between the head and lateral neck surface of the screw and the abutment could be dectected in all samples. The findings of intimate contact between the platform of the implant and the bottom of the abutment were consistent in all samples, regardless of manufacturers. However, microgaps between the lateral surface of external hex of the fixture and the abutment could be dectected in all samples. Conclusion : Considerable variations in machining accuracy and consistency were noted in the samples and the implant-abutment-screw interfaces were incomplete. From the results of this study, further development of the system will be required, including improvements in pattern design.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2013

소형 복합재료 프로펠러를 제작하기 위한 기존의 알루미늄 몰드를 복합재료 몰드로 대체하기 위한 타당성 연구를 수행하였다. 소형 알루미늄 프로펠러의 세 날개는 복합재료 몰드를 만들기 위해 플러그로서 사용되었다. GRPG 복합재료 몰드와 프로펠러는 실내온도에서 압축과 진공법을 이용하여 불포화된 폴리에스테르 수지, Epovia 겔코트, 우븐과 매트 유리 섬유 등으로 만들어졌다. 표면의 경도와 거칠기, 압축과 흡입 몰드에 의한 강도와 변형은 실험에 의해 결정되었다. 결과는 ISO 484/2 규격과 몇몇의 알루미늄 합금과 비교되었다. 결과로부터 몰드의 변형은 날개 두께에 관한 공차를 만족하는 것을 알 수 있었다. GRPG 복합재료 몰드의 몇 가지 특징은 알루미늄 합금 몰드보다 좋았으며(표면의 매끈함, 중량, 작동 능력과 비용), 다른 몇 가지 특징들은 비슷하였다(분리 능력과 라이프 사이클). 결과적으로 복합재료 몰드는 소형 복합재료 선박 프로펠러를 만들기에 적합한 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.338-351
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• 2005

Statement of problem. Accurate fit between the implant components is important because the misfit of the implant components results in frequent screw loosening, irreversible screw fracture, plaque accumulation, poor soft tissue reaction, and destruction of osseointegration. Purpose. This study is to evaluate the machining accuracy and consistency of the implant fixture/ abutment/screw interfaces of the internal connection system by using a Stereoscopic Zoom microscope and FE-SEM(field emission scanning electron microscope) Materials and methods. The implant systems selected in this study were internal connection type implants from AVANA(Osstem^{\circledR}), Bioplant(Cowell-Medi^{\circledR}), Dio(DIO^{\circledR}), Neoplant(Neobiotech 􀋓), Implantium(Dentium􀋓)systems. Each group was acquired 2 fixtures at random. Two piece type abutment and one piece type abutment for use with each implant system were acquired. Screw were respectively used to hold a two piece type abutment to a implant fixture. The implant fixtures were perpendiculary mounted in acrylic resin block. Each two piece abutment was secured to the implant fixture by screw and one piece abutment also secured to the implant fixture. Abutment/fixture assembly were mounted in liquid unsaturated polyester. All samples were cross-sectioned with grinder-polisher unit. Finally all specimens were analysed the fit between implant fixture/abutment/screw interfaces Results and conclusions. 1. Implant fixture/abutment/screw connection interfaces of internal connection systems made in Korea were in good condition. 2. The results of the above study showed that materials and mechanical properties and quality of milling differed depending on their manufacturing companies.