• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2007

Accumulated epidemiological and animal studies have suggested that prolonged exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and pulmonary dysfunction. While diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contain large variety of compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a dominant component contaminated in DEP. This article reviews effects of two PAH quinones, 9,10-phenanthraquinone (9,10-PQ) and l,2-naphthoquinone (l,2-NQ), on vascular and respiratory systems.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

In order to understand effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) on shell repair of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, shell regeneration experiments were carried out using oysters drilled a hole on the right valve. The change of pH and hemocytic characteristics in both extrapallial fluid and hemolymph were observed during the shell repair. The thickness of mantle tissue was apparently decreased, while necrosis in epithelium and periostracal gland was increased in response to PAH exposure. Our finding suggested that PAH could adversely influence on shell repair.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.819-826
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• 2004

In order to elucidate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration and its origin in arctic area, four arctic brown algae (Laminaria saccharina, L. digita, Alaria esculenta, Desmarestia aculeata), one marine invertebrate (Echinoidea) and sediments were collected from Kongsfjorden in Spitsbergen from the late July to early August, 2003. In case of macroalgae, the young blade part above growth point and the old stipes and blades beneath growth point were separated and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an attempt to check the mechanism of uptake in macroalgae to accumulate PAH. There was no difference in PAH concentrations between sampling sites (Stations B and C), species, and blades beneath and above growth point. PAH concentrations in all samples collected in this study were relatively higher than those reported in other areas of arctic. Especially, station C, which is known as an unpolluted area, showed 10 times higher PAH concentration (8,765 ng/g) in sediment than station A (694 ng/g) around harbor. In addition high PAH concentration, station C had very higher proportion of methylated PAH to parent PAH in sediment than station A. Source analysis using PAH isomer pair ratios as indicators showed that Kongsfjorden area seemed to be relatively contaminated with PAH derived from direct petroleum input.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2002

The strain KKI isolated from soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was identified as Pseundomonas sp. based on analyses by MIDI and Biolog Identification System. Cellular and physiological responses of strain KKI to two-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene were evaluated using radiorespirometry, PLFAs and sequence analysis of Rieske-type iron sulfur center of dioxygenase. KKI was found to be able to rapidly mineralize naphthalene. Notably, KKI cells pregrown on phenanthrene were able to mineralize naphthalene much more rapidly than naphthalenepregrown cells. The total cellular fatty acids of KKI were comprised of eleven C-even and two C-odd fatty acids (fatty acids < 0.2% in abundance were not considered in this calculation). Lipids 12:0 2OH, 12:03 OH, 16:0, 18:1 6c, 18:0 increased for naphthalene-exposed cells, while lipids 18:1 7c1/15:0 ism 2OH, 17:0 cyclo, 18:1 7c, 19:0 cyclo decreased. Data from Northern hybridization using a naphthalene dixoygenase gene fragment cloned out from KKI as a probe provided the information that naphthalene dioxygenase gene was more highly expressed in cells grown on phenanthrene than naphthalene.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.190-193
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• 2007

Present study examines the experimental results of polycyclic hydrocarbons compound prepared by norbornadiene dimerization reaction. Pentacyclic exo-t-exo, hexacyclic exo-endo, hexacyclic endo-endo isomers of NBD dimer were synthesized by selective dimerization of NBD monomer. Dimerization catalysts, reaction procedure and product analysis method were developed respectively. Through this experiment, mild reaction conditions, relatively high NBD dimer yields were obtained and this reaction technologies will be usefully applied to high energy density liquid fuel development.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.20 no.3 s.50
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• pp.223-228
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• 2005

Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli was exposed to fluoranthene, a ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, at 1 and 10 $\mu$g/L for 4 weeks followed by depuration period of 8 weeks. Although the fluoranthene in the p]asma reached only 1.8$\~$1.9 times seawater concentration, it was 6.5 $\~$ 15.7 times higher in the liver, spleen and bile indicating efficient accumulation in the lipid -containing body tissues. When the exposed fish were then maintained in clean water, rapid fluoranthene decline occurred in the initial 2 weeks followed by a rather slow phase. This result suggests that fluoranthene accumulates efficiently provided the existence in the culture medium, but the contaminant disappears rapidly once the chemical source is removed. The fluoranthne residue in fish tissues my be a good indifator for relent PAHs exposure.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2010

To evaluate the culture conditions in oyster-farming waters, chemical and biological measurements were made in seawater and oysters from six bays around Tongyeong in November and December 2003. Nutrient levels in the seawater were higher in the western area than in the eastern area, in contrast to particulate organic matter and dissolved oxygen levels. The mean total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ({\sum}PAH) content of the oysters was 194.5-375.9 ng/g dry weight, with four-ring compounds constituting 34.1%-79.6% of PAH. Despite wide temporal variations, a "western > eastern" spatial distribution of PAH was apparent. These low concentrations of PAHs indicate that Tongyeong waters are pristine in terms of PAH contamination. Among the hemocytic biomarkers, only lysosomal activity was significantly reduced in Hansan-Goje Bay, but did not correlate closely with PAH content. This finding indicates that the impact of PAH on cultured oysters is negligible around Tongyeong waters.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.94-94
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• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.167.1-167
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.211-217
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• 2007

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon growth from cyclopentadiene (CPD) pyrolysis was investigated using a laminar flow reactor operating in a temperature range of 600 to $950^{\circ}c$. Major products from CPD pyrolysis are benzene, indene and naphthalene. Formation of observed products from CPD is explained as follows. Addition of the cyclopentadienyl radical to a CPD $\pi$-bond produces a resonance-stabilized radical, which further reacts by one of three unimolecular channels: intramolecular addition, C-H bond $\beta$-scission, or C-C bond $\beta$-scission. The intramolecular addition pathway produces a 7-norbornenyl radical, which then decomposes to indene. Decomposition by C-H bond $\beta$-scission produces a biaryl intermediate, which then undergoes a ring fusion sequence that has been proposed for dihydrofulvalene-to-naphthalene conversion. In this study, we propose C-C bond $\beta$-scission pathway as an alternative reaction channel to naphthalene from CPD. As preliminary computational analysis, Parametric Method 3 (PM3) molecular calculation suggests that intramolecular addition to form indene is favored at low temperatures and C-C bond $\beta$-scission leading to naphthalene is predominant at high temperatures.