• 환경위생공학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

To drive efficiently total water pollution load management, needs to calculate the exact load emissions, pollution load allocation and implementation evaluation in each unit area of watershed and accurate and regular flow of data. For these reasons, the Nakdong River TMDL Research Center has produced directly or indirectly in the average interval of eight days (30 times or more / year) 41 points for unit area of the total water pollution load management and 8-point of municipal requirement for a total of 49 branches as a flow data in 2004 from August. This acquired the survey flow is evidence of trends and changes each point in the Nakdong River based on time, such as 10 years based on average design flow available to the foundation of the summit as the major water policy is to be utilized. This study was performed on actual discharge measuring data and introduced performance results each drainage basin of Nakdong River from 2004 to 2008 over the total of past five years.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.437-440
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• 2008

In recent years, pollution load calculation has become a topic for research that resulted in the development of numerous GIS modeling methods. The existing pollution method for nonpoint source (NPS) can not be indentified and calculated the amount of the pollution precisely. This research shows that the association of typical pollutant concentrations with land uses in a watershed can provide a reasonably accurate characterization of nonpoint source pollution in the watershed using Expected Mean Concentrations (EMC). The GIS based pollution assessment method is performed for three pollutant constituents: BOD, TN, and TP. First, the runoff grid by means of the precipitation grid and runoff coefficient is estimated. Then, the NPS pollution loads are calculated by grid based method. Finally, the final outputs are evaluated by statistical technique. The results illustrate the merits of the approach. This model verified that GIS based method of estimating spatially distributed NPS pollution loads can lead to more accurate representation of the real world.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2019

The groundwater quality through livestock excreta survey based on "Act of the management and use of livestock excreta" was investigated by selecting sampling sites within 1 km of the farmland without considering hydrogeological units. However, these sites can be affected by various pollution sources such as chemical fertilizers and livestock excretions. Additionally, the effects of pollution sources on groundwater quality in the sites cannot be clearly distinguished from naturally occurring backgrounds. In this study, a method was developed to select the sampling sites for groundwater quality through livestock excreta survey in order to understand the effects of pollution sources especially livestock excreta. First, the concentrations of nitrate within the radius of 200 m, 300 m, 500 m and 750 m, respectively, from the farms regarded as pollution sources in hydrogeological units were compared in 2016-2017. All the nitrate concentrations at 200 - 500 m from the farms exceeded a background concentration, 13.3 mg/L. Those at 750 m and the background concentrations measured by the Ministry of Environment were comparable. Therefore, the appropriate radius was suggested as 500 m for livestock excretions survey. In this study, the areas within 500 m from the farms could be considered under the influence of livestock excretions, while those beyond 500 from the pollution sources as background in hydrogeological units. The developed method was validated by applying it to the sites selected based on both administrative divisions and watersheds for livestock excretion survey. The average densities for the developed method were 0.82 and 0.39 points/km2, respectively, which were considered as appropriate levels according to those of the European Environmental Agency.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.203-214
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• 1992

Livestock waste causes ground and surface water pollution, eutrophication of reservoir as well as adverse affects living environment of those who dwell nearby. In order to investigate the pollution load from livestock waste, physical and chemical characteristics of the waste were determinded in the survey of livestock farms. Once pollution load is obtained as a function of the origin units of livestock, the influence of livestock waste on the Daecheong reservoir was studied. 1. For Daecheong reservoir inflow area, the liverstock manure productions of beef cattle swine, dairy cattle and chicken were 1,135.6t/day, 480t/day, 241.3t/day, 48t/day respectively； Beef cattle was the mai or source of the pollution. Pollution loading productions due to the livestock waste around the were found to be 53.31t/day for BOD, 222.49t /day for COD, 261.99t/day for T-S, 9.64t/day for T-N, 6.54t/day for T-P 2. Bocheong stream turnd out to be the major contribution for pollution loading production to Daecheong reservoir with 10,748kg /day of BOD, 47,157kg /day of COD, 1,946kg /day of T-N, 1,271kg /day of T-p. 3. Actual pollution loadings from livestock wastes for the area of Daecheong reservoir were estimated as 1,997kg /day(BOD), 8,546kg /day(COD), 364kg /day(T-N), 243kg /day (T-P), respectively Therefore, advanced treatment for livestock waste is recommended for Daectleong reservoir inflow area to eliminate the nutrients which are major sources of eutrophication of the reservoir.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

For efficient water quality management of Saemangeum lake, it is very important to accurately analyze discharged load characteristics using investigated pollution sources data from Saemangeum watershed. Investigation of pollution sources was conducted from 2003 to 2007. In this study, pollution sources are largely classified into human population, livestock, industry, and land use. Discharged loads of BOD, T-N and T-P from classified pollution sources were calculated by Korea TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) technical guideline. The calculated results showed that the major sources of BOD and T-N were land use, human population, livestock, and industry in order. However, the major sources of T-P were livestock, land use, human population, and industry in order. Our results clearly show that pollution sources of the priority management for water quality enhancement in the Saemangeum lake has represented land use and livestock.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2019

수영만 해역의 오염원 관리를 위해 유입되는 육상기인 오염물질의 체류특성을 분석하였다. 오염물질의 체류특성은 해수유동 모델과 입자추적 모델을 활용하여 분석하였다. 오염물질은 입자로 표현되며, 입자의 양과 오염물질량은 비례하도록 나타내었다. 체류특성은 각 오염원별로 부하량, 해역에서 체류하는 오염물질량, 부하량 대비 해역에 체류하는 오염물질량을 비교하여 분석하였다. 수영만 해역에 체류하고 있는 오염물질량을 오염원별 순으로 나타내면 수영하수처리장, 남부하수처리장, 수영강 등의 순이었다. 오염부하량이 적고만 내측에서 멀어질수록 해역에 체류하는 오염물질량이 적었다. 오염원 중에서는 남부하수처리장에서 유입되는 부하량이 가장 많았다. 하지만, 유입 부하량 대비 해역에 체류하는 오염물질량은 수영만으로 유입되는 오염원 중 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 이는, 해역의 특성과 각 오염원의 지형적인 특성에 따라 오염물질이 해역에 미치는 정도가 다르다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.607-628
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• 2012

고현천 유역을 10개의 소유역으로 나누고 지류에 19개 조사지점을 정하고 풍수기(장마시기)와 갈수기로 나누어 지류의 수질오염과 오염부하량 변동 특성을 조사하였다. 수질분석결과로부터 고현천 유역은 상류지역(T1~T8)은 전원지대의 특성을 나타내었고, 하류지역(T9~T19)은 도심지대의 특성을 나타내었다. 고현천 지류의 비점오염부하량은 SS가 연간 총 2,063ton/yr, COD가 601ton/yr, DIN이 365ton/yr, DIP가 45ton/yr으로 산정되었고, DIP를 제외하고 약 60%가 풍수기 때 발생하여 비점오염원의 유출에는 강우의 영향이 매우 컸다. 한편 DIP 비점오염부하량은 평수기와 갈수기를 합쳐서 약 60%가 나타나 이 기간 동안 인 오염원의 관리가 중요함을 나타내었다. Pearson 상관관계 분석을 통하여 상류지역과 하류지역의 SS 발생원에 분명한 차이를 나타냈으며, 상류지역은 장마시 농경지와 임야지대로부터 부유토사의 유출에 의하여 주로 오염부하가 발생하고 하류지역은 생활하수와 도심유출수(municipal run-off)에 의하여 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.531-539
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• 2013

In order to apply a water quality indicator as a certain target pollutant, the indicator should have the representability of an index for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). Scientific groundwork and treatment technologies also should be provided for the application of the indicator. This study analyzed the applicability of major water quality indicators for target pollutants. The results showed that four water quality indicators of TOC, T-N, SS & T-Coli can be considered as target pollutants besides existing BOD and T-P. These indicators can be applied with the preparations such as essential basic data, pollution load estimation framework as well as legal criteria setting when the need is raised. As the importance of TOC, which is considered as a replacement of BOD, is emphasized, technical and institutional terms are being prepared in order to determine TOC as another target pollutant in the near future. It could be considered to combine TOC with BOD for the time being during the $3^{rd}$ stage of TMDLs in view of the present conditions for the management of TOC. TOC can be the most effective index for the organic matter and help to be managed more systematically in the waterbodies where rivers and lakes are mutually connected.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.196-208
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• 2015

This study analyzed the characteristics of sewer flow and its water quality, and investigated changes in the characteristics in three areas where the sewer rehabilitation projects have been carried out. In S1 area, the patterns of the flow became regular and the range of the fluctuation decreased after the sewer rehabilitation. The flow and its BOD concentration increased. The infiltration/inflow and exfiltration showed clear distinction before and after the sewer rehabilitation in this area. In S2 area, the patterns and the range of the fluctuation of the flow made no differences before and after the sewer rehabilitation. The flow decreased slightly and its BOD concentration increased considerably after the sewer rehabilitation. Big decrement in stormwater inflow but small in exfiltration appeared in this area. In S3 area, the patterns and the range of the fluctuation of the flow made no differences before and after the sewer rehabilitation. The flow decreased slightly and its BOD concentration increased in a small rate in this area.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.306-315
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• 2022

In this study, long-term measurement data were applied to the LOADEST model and used as an analysis tool to identify and interpret trends in pollution load. The LOADEST model is a regression equation-based pollution load estimation program developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to estimate the change in the pollution load of rivers according to flow rate and time and provides 11 regression equations for pollution load evaluation. As a result of simulating the Gwangjuchen2, Pungyeongjeongchen, and Pyeongdongchen in the Yeongbon B unit basin in the middle and upper reaches of the Yeongsan River with the LOADEST model using water quality and flow measurement data, lower values were observed for the Gwangjuchen2 and Pyeongdongchen, whereas the Pungyeongjeongchen had higher values. This was judged to be due to the characteristics of the LOADEST model related to data continuity. According to the parameters estimated by the LOADEST model, pollutant trends were affected by increases in the flow. In addition, variability increased with time, and BOD and T-P were affected by the season. Thus, the LOADEST model can contribute to water quality management as an analytical tool for long-term data monitoring.