• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.687-697
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• 2004

This paper is aimed to guide ocean-going companies to reasonable decisions and to increase the competitiveness of Korean shipping industry by clarifying the determinants of political costs of ocean-going companies, which only depend for the enormous amount of money to introduce the operating fixed assets, or the vessels, upon the supporting policy from the government or the loan from the related financial institutions. As independent variables of the political costs, 5 elements were settled such as company size(sales, total assets and market share), debit ratio, capital concentration ratio, profitability(operating profit) and marine risk(sales fluctuation). To verify the relations and the effect level between dependent variables and political costs, the Multiple Regression Analysis Model was applied The result of the analysis shows significantly positive relations between size variables and political cost of shipping industry. Moreover, debt ratio and profitability were proved significant related with political costs of shipping industry.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.34
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• pp.7-33
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• 2006

This paper try to explain the phenomenon on convergence of broadcasting and telecommunication by the law of the tendential fall in the rate of profit. With the progressive decline in the variable capital in relation to the constant capital in the sphere of the telecommunication, this tendency leads to a rising organic composition of the total capital, and the direct result of this is that the rate of surplus-value, with the level of exploitation of labour remaining the same or even rising, is expressed in a steadily falling general rate of profit. The reason to apply this law is to inquire into the true state of the phenomenon on convergence of broadcasting and telecommunication showed like the disorderly development.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.157-166
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to understand the effects of a social capital discovery program on career identity and empowerment in adolescents under probation. As a result, it was discovered that the social capital discovery program had statistically significant differences in stability, goal orientation, distinctiveness and self-presence consciousness in the sub-area of career identity in adolescents under probation while there was no significant difference in the area of self-assertion. The social capital discovery program had statistically significant differences in internal and personal relationships among the sub-area of empowerment of the subjects while there were no significant differences in political-social areas. These results suggest that the social capital discovery program had significant effects on career identity and empowerment in adolescents under probation. In order to improve the career identity and empowerment in adolescents under probation, further studies on the social capital discovery program are needed and care should be paid to its usability.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.26
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• pp.77-91
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• 2007

This paper aims to compare meaning of the poetry called 'capital to coming to country' with the poetry called 'country not coming up to capital'. The poetry which have the garden and pastoral imagery is linked with the poetry called 'capital to coming to the country'. In contrary the poetry which have the farm imagery is linked with the poetry called' country not coming up to the capital'. The 'sajok' is the author of the nature poetry. To study the nature poertry in 17 and 18 centuries, it is necessary to the political, social and economical position of the 'sajok'.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.707-726
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• 2017

Korea is proceeding to aging society at much faster pace than other countries. To alleviate various problems (health, environment, social relationships, psychology and emotion, and financial problems) of the elderly caused by aging society, there has been increasing attention to social capital. This study investigated types of ways that the elderly at individual level are aware of social capital and the characteristic. In addition, factors that influence the types were studied. Data from 1060 elderly with the age of 65 and older were collected in Korea. Excluding missing data on variables used in the study, data of 960 elderly were used for analyses. K-mean cluster analysis was conducted to investigate types of elderly awareness on social capital at individual level. Multinominal logistic regression was used to find out factors of the types. K-mean cluster analysis resulted in three types of awareness on social capital among the elderly: (1) potential of social capital; (2) severance of social capital; and (3) wealth of social capital. Multinominal logistic regression resulted in that compared to potential of social capital type, when the elderly were younger, inclination of politics was more progressive, they did not have religion, they did not reside in rural, and they did not live in multiplex housing, the elderly were more likely to be in severance of social capital type. Also, when the elderly were women, had higher education and standard of living, were Christian, and did not reside in rural regions. they tended to be in wealth of social capital type. Based on the study results about awareness on social capital among the elderly and factors related to the awareness types, practical and political suggestions that promote social capital to solve problems of the elderly were provided.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.219-228
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• 2016

This research was convergence study conducted to understand the effect that a recovery program for social capital has on empowerment and career preparation activity in female college students. The subjects were female college students located in K city, and Experimental Group 30, Control Group 30 questionnaires were used as the data for analysis. As a result of this study, it was discovered that there was a statistically significant difference in personally-internal, political and social areas in the sub-areas of empowerment in female college students while there was no significant difference in personal relationships. Also, in the sub-area of career preparation activity in female college students in the recovery program for social capital, information collection activity and practice activity were different and the differences were statistically significant. It is suggested that further studies are needed on recovery programs for social capital for improved empowerment, career preparation behavior and usability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.419-429
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• 2022

The aim of this research is to examine how globalization affects coffee exports in the producing countries. This research used secondary data obtained from the International Coffee Organization, Pen World Table, World Bank, Food and Agricultural Organization, and KoF Globalization Index to achieve its goals. We used secondary data from 1990 to 2018 from various foreign databases. The research used a two-step system GMM (sys-GMM) to analyze the effect of globalization on coffee export in twenty-four producing countries. We found that export lag, gross domestic product (GDP), exchange rate, and the political globalization index (PGI) positively and significantly impact coffee exports. Meanwhile, coffee exports were unaffected by the level of export prices and the human capital index. Surprisingly, the trade globalization index has a negative impact on coffee exports. This demonstrates the unpreparedness of coffee-producing countries to face tough competition in trade globalization. The political globalization index, the final variable, has a positive impact on exports. With the opening up of world politics, it seems that the environment of democracy in producing countries is increasing. As a result, governments in these countries have adopted a policy of aggressively supporting coffee exports.

• Journal of the Korean Association of African Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.3-48
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• 2014

ABAKO(Alliance des Bakongo) of Democratic Republic of Congo is an organization founded by an ethnic group who sought to preserve its language, culture and tradition. It later developed into a political organization and led an independence movement from Belgium. In 1950, Edmond Nzeza-Nlandu founded the ABAKO in Leopoldville (currently known as Kinshasa), the capital of Belgian Congo. ABAKO changed into a political organization, however, when Nzeza-Nlandu stepped down from his position and Joseph Kasa-Vubu was elected instead as the chief of ABAKO in March 21, 1954. The Bakongo nationalism, as a link between the Kongo Kingdom of the past and the Bakongo people of the present, had influence on their cultural identity, attitude towards authority, political orientation, a common ground for geographical boundaries, and provided foundation for group mobilization. Moreover, the Kimbangu Church, founded by Simon Kimbangu had close ties with ABAKO. They struggled to obtain independece from the Belgian colonial rule. In conclusion, the leaders and members of ABAKO regarded the 'ethnic, linguistic and historical' affinities as the identity of their Bakongo nationalist group.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2011

As is the case in Korea, the expansion of renewable energy dissemination is an essential matter in Ukraine when considering its energy consumption and dependence on energy import. While Korea has set about promoting the new and renewable energy industry on the back of the national policy on green growth, Ukraine expects a virtuous circle of renewable energy industry with green tariffs and the attraction of foreign capital in association with carbon emission trade. Utilizing its well-developed heavy industrial sector including the shipbuilding and automobile industries, Korea expects wind turbine manufacturing to become one of its next-generation growth engines. Ukraine is also trying to enter the wind turbine system or parts manufacturing industry based on its automobile industry and advanced aerospace technology. Although the Crimean region in Ukraine seems to have excellent wind resources, and thus shows great potential as a location for wind farm development, political instability has been a major obstacle to the attraction of foreign capital, leading to delayed investment.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.21-40
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• 2013

Because of the recent development of information technology, especially the popularization of social media, false rumors and abusive comments on social media have increased, which has accelerated conflicts in online society. Since these conflicts lead to significant negative influences on online society, it is important to figure out how to cope with the conflicts and integrate the society. Thus, this study provides effective political implications that will advance the society where people can communicate based on trust in social media. In addition, we suggest new sociocultural change phenomenon and social integration by drawing the Causal Loop Diagram focusing on the dimension of social capital in social media environment.